HIGH SCHOOL

Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

1 Hour

Gain Attention
Directions: Read the paragraph below to help you answer the
crossword puzzle below (you can get the correct words from the
paragraph).

Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort

play brother and sister in the
dystopian
setting the recent A-list
& blockbuster movie
Divergent, where
humanity grapples with
categorization as a
means of societal
control. But shortly
after filming the film,
which is based on a novel by Veronica Roth, Woodley and Elgort had to shift
their onscreen relationship for another book adaptation.
In The Fault In Our Stars, the duo play teenage love interests who are both
dealing with impending doom of another kind — cancer. The film, out June
6, 2016 is based on a popular young adult novel by John Green; it follows a
16-year-old cancer patient named Hazel Grace Lancaster who encounters
a compelling young man named Augustus Waters in a support.

Horizontal
1 – moving or extending in
different directions from a
common point
3 – pair

Vertical
2 – changed
4 – the time, place,
and
circumstances in which
something occurs
5 – a fracture in the crust of
a planet
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Directions: Using the Venn diagram below, compare and contrast a

continental volcanic arc and a volcanic island arc. Copy and answer the
diagram in your notebook.

Present the content and provide learning

guidance
PROCESSES THAT OCCUR ALONG DIVERGENT BOUNDARIES
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Divergent plate boundaries are locations where plates are moving away
from one another. This occurs above rising convection currents.

When a divergent boundary occurs beneath oceanic lithosphere, the rising

convection current below lifts the lithosphere, producing a mid-ocean ridge
(see Figure C). Extensional forces stretch the lithosphere and produce a
deep fissure. When the fissure opens, pressure is reduced on the super-
heated mantle
material below. It responds by melting, and the new magma flows into the
fissure. The magma then solidifies and the process repeats itself.

Divergent boundary

A divergent boundary is a feature that exists when two (2) tectonic plates
move away from each other. When earth’s brittle surface pulled apart, what
happens to the space left between them? The result of two diverging plate is a
valley-like rift. This rift is a dropped zone where the plates are pulling apart.
Valleys and volcanoes form as the crust widens and thins. Streams and rivers
can flow into the low valleys, and long, narrow lakes are created.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Most of the divergent boundaries are found on the seafloor where they
form ocean ridges. It is in the central rift where seafloor spreading begins. The
process of seafloor spreading along a divergent boundary may cause an ocean
basin to grow wider, which takes over millions of years. Some divergent
boundaries can form continents other than seafloor. A long and narrow
depression, called a rift valley, is formed when continental crust begins to stretch
and separate. This rifting, may eventually lead to the formation of a new ocean
basin.

The East Africa Rift Valley is a classic example of this type of plate
boundary.
 HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Figure D. Continental Rifting. Adapted from Earth Science 13th Edition. Tarbuck et. al. Pearson Education Inc. Copyright 2012 by the Pearson Education Inc.

Effects that are found at this type of plate boundary include: a rift
valley sometimes occupied by long linear lakes or a shallow arm of the
ocean; numerous normal faults bounding a central rift valley; shallow
earthquake activity along the normal faults. Volcanic activity sometimes
occurs within the rift.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

PROCESSES THAT OCCUR ALONG TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARIES

Where tectonic plates slip horizontally past one another, lithosphere is
neither created nor destroyed. Instead, blocks of crust are torn apart in a broad
zone of shearing between two plates. Such boundaries are called transform fault
boundaries because they connect other plate boundaries in various
combinations, transforming the site of plate motion. Most transform fault
boundaries are located within the ocean basins; however, a few cuts through
continental crust. Two examples are the earthquake-prone, San Andreas fault in
California and New Zealand’s Alpine fault.

The grinding action between the plates at a transform plate boundary results in
shallow earthquakes, large lateral displacement of rock, and broad zone of
crustal deformation

Elicit Performance
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Concept Check

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answer in your

science notebook.
When a divergent boundary occurs beneath oceanic lithosphere, the
rising convection current below lifts the lithosphere, what does it produce?
What is the result of fracturing and movement of plates when a
divergent boundary occurs beneath a thick continental plate?

Synthesis
Here are the module’s key ideas:
● The interaction of plate boundaries is responsible for many geologic features
of earth.
● A divergent boundary is a feature that exists when two (2) tectonic plates
move away from each other.
● A transform boundary is formed when two plates slide past each other.

Assess performance
Direction: Identify the characteristic of the three major types of plate boundaries.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

(1-15)

1-5.
Convergent _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

6-10.
_________________________________________________
Divergent _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

11-15.
Transform _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Rubrics: Content – 3 pts, Supporting details – 2 pts, Total – 5 pts each

Enhance retention and transfer

HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Draw a model of any of the three types of plate boundaries and describe all the
possible effects of it in geologic feature of the earth.

Drawing:

Description:
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Bibliography
Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education. Project EASE
Integrated Science 1, Module 12. Inside the Earth.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 6
Divergent and Transform Boundary

Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education (2013). Science - Grade

8 Learner’s Module. Vibal Publishing House, Inc.

Punongbayan, R. et al. (1998). The Philippine Archipelago Volume 1. Tarbuck, E.J.

et al. (2009). Earth Science 12th ed.

Department of Education Learners Manual Science for Grade 10. First Edition.
2015.

Dempsey, C. (2014) What is a Mountain? Physical Geography retrieved from:

https://www.geographyrealm.com/mountain/

Istanbul Earthquake Warnings Underlined by Eastern Turkey Tremor ...

www.bloomberg.com

Earthquake Country Alliance: Welcome to Earthquake Country!

www.earthquakecountry.org

Types of Mountains retrieved from:

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/earthscience/chapter/mountain-formation/
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 1
Plate Tectonics: Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Mountains
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 1
Plate Tectonics: Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Mountains