6/6/2019 Machine Learning with Python Environment Setup

Environment Setup
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In this chapter, you will learn how to setup the working environment for Python
machine learning on your local computer.

Libraries and Packages and DataSets

To understand machine learning, you need to have basic knowledge of Python
programming. In addition, there are a number of libraries and packages generally used
in performing various machine learning tasks as listed below −

numpy − is used for its N-dimensional array objects

pandas − is a data analysis library that includes dataframes

matplotlib − is 2D plotting library for creating graphs and plots

scikit-learn − the algorithms used for data analysis and data mining tasks

seaborn − a data visualization library based on matplotlib

The datasets used in various examples in this tutorial are available on the internet for
free download. However, these datasets can also be downloaded from the tutorial useful
resources center of this.

Installation
You can install software for machine learning in any of the two methods as discussed
here −

Method 1
Download and install Python separately from python.org on various operating systems
as explained below −

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To install Python after downloading, double click the .exe (for Windows) or .pkg (for
Mac) file and follow the instructions on the screen.

For Linux OS, check if Python is already installed by using the following command at the
prompt −

$ python --version. ...

If Python 2.7 or later is not installed, install Python with the distribution's package
manager. Note that the command and package name varies.

On Debian derivatives such as Ubuntu, you can use apt −

$ sudo apt-get install python3

Now, open the command prompt and run the following command to verify that Python
is installed correctly −

$ python3 --version

Python 3.6.2

Similarly, we can download and install necessary libraries like numpy, matplotlib etc.
individually using installers like pip. For this purpose, you can use the commands
shown here −

$pip install numpy

$pip install matplotlib
$pip install pandas
$pip install seaborn

Method 2
Alternatively, to install Python and other scientific computing and machine learning
packages simultaneously, we should install Anaconda distribution. It is a Python
implementation for Linux, Windows and OSX, and comprises various machine learning
packages like numpy, scikit-learn, and matplotlib. It also includes Jupyter Notebook,
an interactive Python environment. We can install Python 2.7 or any 3.x version as per
our requirement.

To download the free Anaconda Python distribution from Continuum Analytics, you can
do the following −

Visit the official site of Continuum Analytics and its download page. Note that the
installation process may take 15-20 minutes as the installer contains Python, associated
packages, a code editor, and some other files. Depending on your operating system,
choose the installation process as explained here −

For Windows − Select the Anaconda for Windows section and look in the column
with Python 2.7 or 3.x. You can find that there are two versions of the installer, one for
32-bit Windows, and one for 64-bit Windows. Choose the relevant one.

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For Mac OS − Scroll to the Anaconda for OS X section. Look in the column with
Python 2.7 or 3.x. Note that here there is only one version of the installer: the 64-bit
version.

For Linux OS − We select the "Anaconda for Linux" section. Look in the column with
Python 2.7 or 3.x.

Note that you have to ensure that Anaconda’s Python distribution installs into a single
directory, and does not affect other Python installations, if any, on your system.

To work with graphs and plots, we will need these Python library packages - matplotlib
and seaborn.

If you are using Anaconda Python, your system already has numpy, matplotlib, pandas,
seaborn, etc. installed. We start the Anaconda Navigator to access either Jupyter Note
book or Spyder IDE of python.

After opening either of them, type the following commands −

import numpy

import matplotlib

Now, we need to check if installation is successful. For this, go to the command line and
type in the following command −

$ python
Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda custom (32-bit)| (default, Oct 13 2017, 14:21:34)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux

Next, you can import the required libraries and print their versions as shown −

>>>import numpy
>>>print numpy.__version__
1.14.2

>>> import matplotlib

>>> print (matplotlib.__version__)
2.1.2

>> import pandas

>>> print (pandas.__version__)
0.22.0

>>> import seaborn

>>> print (seaborn.__version__)
0.8.1

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