Topic : online keke napep booking system case study : kafin Hausa town of jigawa state

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

The proliferation of digital technologies has transformed various aspects of everyday life,
including transportation services. Traditional modes of transportation, such as taxis and
rickshaws, have evolved into more sophisticated systems facilitated by online platforms. In
this context, the introduction of an online Keke Napep booking system for Kafin Hausa and
its environs emerges as a response to the growing demand for convenient and efficient
transportation solutions.

1.1 Background to the Study

The transportation landscape in many urban and suburban areas has witnessed significant
changes with the advent of digital technologies. Traditional modes of transportation, such as
taxis and auto rickshaws, have faced challenges in meeting the evolving needs of commuters.
In response to these challenges, the concept of online booking systems has gained traction,
offering users a convenient and efficient way to access transportation services. This study
focuses on the design and implementation of an online booking system specifically tailored
for Keke Napep transportation in Kafin Hausa and its environs.

1.2 Keke Napep Transportation in Kafin Hausa

Kafin Hausa and its surrounding areas heavily rely on Keke Napep as a primary mode of
transportation. Keke Napep, also known as auto rickshaws or tuktuks, are three-wheeled
motorized vehicles commonly used for short-distance travel in urban and suburban areas.
These vehicles play a vital role in providing last-mile connectivity, especially in areas where
conventional transport options are limited.

1.3 Need for an Online Booking System

While Keke Napep serves as a convenient mode of transportation, the lack of an organized
booking system poses challenges for both passengers and drivers. Passengers often face
difficulties in finding available vehicles during peak hours, leading to long waiting times and
inconvenience. On the other hand, drivers encounter inefficiencies in managing their routes
and maximizing their earnings.

1.4 Statement of the Problem

The lack of an organized booking system for Keke Napep transportation in Kafin Hausa
poses several challenges for both passengers and drivers. Passengers often experience
difficulties in locating available vehicles, leading to long wait times and inconvenience,
especially during peak hours. Additionally, drivers face inefficiencies in managing their
routes and maximizing their earnings due to the absence of a centralized booking mechanism.
These issues highlight the need for an online booking system to streamline the transportation
process and enhance the overall commuting experience.

1.5 Purpose of the Study

The primary purpose of this study is to design and implement an online booking system for
Keke Napep transportation in Kafin Hausa and its environs. By leveraging digital
technologies, the system aims to address the challenges associated with traditional modes of
transportation and improve accessibility and efficiency for both passengers and drivers.

1.6 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of this study is to design a user-friendly online booking platform for Keke Napep
transportation in Kafin Hausa and its environs. The objectives of this study are as follows:

● To implement a robust backend system for managing bookings, payments, and driver
operations.
● To evaluate the effectiveness of the online booking system in improving
transportation accessibility and efficiency.

1.7 Research Questions and/or Hypotheses

The following research questions guide this study:

1. What are the key features and functionalities required in an online booking system for
Keke Napep transportation?
2. How can the online booking system improve the accessibility and efficiency of Keke
Napep transportation in Kafin Hausa and its environs?
3. What are the technical considerations and challenges involved in designing and
implementing the online booking system?
4. What are the potential impacts of the online booking system on passenger satisfaction,
driver earnings, and overall transportation infrastructure?

1.8 Significance of the Study

The implementation of an online booking system for Keke Napep transportation in Kafin
Hausa and its environs holds several significant implications:

● Improved Accessibility: The system enhances access to transportation services,

particularly for individuals with mobility constraints or limited access to traditional
modes of transportation.
● Increased Efficiency: By streamlining the booking process, the system reduces wait
times and optimizes route planning, leading to more efficient transportation
operations.
● Economic Empowerment: The system provides opportunities for Keke Napep
drivers to increase their earnings by efficiently matching them with passengers and
optimizing their routes.
● Technological Advancement: The development of the online booking system
contributes to the adoption of digital solutions in transportation infrastructure, paving
the way for future innovations in the field.

1.9 Scope of the Study

This study focuses specifically on the design and implementation of an online booking
system for Keke Napep transportation in Kafin Hausa and its environs. It encompasses the
development of both frontend and backend components, as well as the deployment and
testing of the system. However, it does not address broader issues related to urban planning
or regulatory frameworks governing transportation services.

1.10 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Online Booking System

1.10.1 Advantages

1. Convenience: Passengers can book rides from the comfort of their homes or
workplaces using a mobile app or website, eliminating the need to wait on the street
for available vehicles.
2. Improved Accessibility: The online booking system enhances accessibility to
transportation services, particularly for individuals with mobility challenges or limited
access to traditional modes of transportation.
3. Reduced Wait Times: By facilitating real-time booking and tracking of available
vehicles, the system can significantly reduce wait times for passengers, leading to a
more efficient commuting experience.
4. Optimized Route Planning: The system can optimize route planning for drivers,
enabling them to efficiently navigate through traffic and reach their destinations in a
timely manner, thereby increasing their earnings potential.
5. Enhanced Safety and Security: Passengers can track their rides in real-time and
share their trip details with friends or family members, enhancing safety and security
during the journey.
6. Feedback Mechanism: The online booking system can include a feedback
mechanism that allows passengers to rate their rides and provide feedback on driver
behavior and service quality, helping maintain service standards.

1.10.2 Disadvantages

1. Digital Divide: Not all passengers may have access to smartphones or the internet,
limiting the reach and effectiveness of the online booking system, particularly among
low-income or elderly populations.
2. Technical Issues: Technical glitches or server downtime may disrupt the booking
process, leading to frustration among passengers and drivers and impacting the
reliability of the system.
3. Dependency on Connectivity: The effectiveness of the online booking system is
contingent on reliable internet connectivity, which may be unreliable or unavailable in
certain areas, particularly in rural or remote regions.
4. Privacy Concerns: Passengers may have concerns about sharing their personal
information, such as location data and payment details, with the online booking
system, raising privacy and security concerns.
5. Resistance from Drivers: Some Keke Napep drivers may be resistant to adopting the
online booking system due to concerns about changes in their workflow, perceived
loss of autonomy, or unfamiliarity with digital technology.
6. Regulatory Challenges: The implementation of an online booking system may raise
regulatory challenges related to licensing, insurance, and compliance with local
transportation regulations, requiring coordination with relevant authorities.
7. Cost Implications: Developing and maintaining an online booking system requires
investment in technology infrastructure, software development, and ongoing
maintenance, which may pose financial challenges for operators, particularly small-
scale operators.
1.11 Operational Definition of Terms

● Online Booking System: A digital platform that enables users to book Keke Napep
rides via web or mobile applications.
● Keke Napep: Three-wheeled motorized vehicles used for short-distance
transportation in urban and suburban areas.
● Kafin Hausa: A specific geographical area and its environs where the online booking
system is implemented.

Chapter Two: Review of Related Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework for this study revolves around the key concepts of online booking
systems, Keke Napep transportation, and the integration of digital technologies in the
transportation sector (Smith, 2021). It explores how these concepts intersect to address the
challenges and opportunities in providing efficient and accessible transportation services in
urban and suburban areas, with a focus on Kafin Hausa and its environs.

2.2 Theoretical Framework

The literature reviewed in this study encompasses a comprehensive exploration of the

evolution and impact of online booking systems within the transportation sector, particularly
focusing on Keke Napep services.

Smith et al. (2020) discuss the evolution of transportation technologies, highlighting the
transition to online booking systems and their significant impact on convenience and
accessibility in transportation services. This foundational work provides a historical context
for understanding the transformative effects of digital technologies in the transportation
sector.

Building on this, Chen et al. (2021) examine the role of online booking systems in facilitating
seamless transactions, including booking, payment, and tracking of transportation services.
Their study emphasizes how these systems enhance the overall commuting experience for
passengers by streamlining critical processes.

Several case studies provide practical insights into successful implementations of online
booking systems. Wang and Wei (2019) analyze various case studies, highlighting key
features and user feedback, which offer valuable lessons for system design and deployment.
Similarly, Johnson et al. (2021) present additional case studies that underscore the importance
of understanding user needs and preferences to optimize system performance.

Venkatesh et al. (2020) investigate user behavior and adoption patterns related to online
booking systems. Their research identifies crucial factors influencing user acceptance and
usage behavior, providing a framework for designing systems that cater to user expectations
and enhance adoption rates.

Looking toward the future, Abdullahi et al. (2021) and Wang et al. (2021) explore emerging
trends and innovations in online booking systems. Their studies delve into the integration of
autonomous vehicles and the development of personalized user experiences, suggesting
potential directions for the evolution of these systems.
Challenges and limitations of online booking systems are critically examined by Li et al.
(2019). Their work addresses technical issues, regulatory constraints, and privacy concerns,
highlighting areas that require ongoing refinement and improvement.

Further contributions to the field are made by Kim et al. (2022), who analyze the impact of
online booking systems on transportation efficiency. Their findings reveal significant
improvements in wait times and route planning, which benefit both service providers and
users. Additionally, Jones et al. (2020) explore the economic implications of online booking
systems for drivers, noting increased earnings and economic opportunities within
transportation networks.

Recent studies by Wang et al. (2023) and Johnson and Brown (2023) investigate innovative
trends and regulatory challenges in online booking systems, respectively. Wang et al. focus
on dynamic pricing mechanisms and advanced user experience personalization, while
Johnson and Brown discuss the complexities of regulatory compliance and licensing issues in
system implementation.

Overall, the literature provides a rich and nuanced understanding of the past, present, and
future of online booking systems in the transportation sector. The insights gained from these
studies are invaluable for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers aiming to enhance the
efficiency, accessibility, and user satisfaction of transportation services.

2.3 Summary of Related Literature

This section provides a comprehensive summary of the key studies reviewed in the literature:

● Smith et al. (2020): Discusses the evolution of transportation technologies, focusing

on the transition to online booking systems and their impact on convenience and
accessibility in transportation services.
● Chen et al. (2021): Explores the role of online booking systems in facilitating
seamless booking, payment, and tracking of transportation services, enhancing the
overall commuting experience for passengers.
● Wang & Wei (2019): Analyzes case studies of online booking systems, highlighting
successful implementations, key features, and user feedback, offering insights for
system design and deployment.
● Johnson et al. (2021): Examines case studies of online booking systems, providing
lessons for system design and deployment through analysis of successful
implementations, key features, and user feedback.
● Venkatesh et al. (2020): Investigates user behavior and adoption patterns of online
booking systems, shedding light on factors influencing user acceptance and usage
behavior, crucial for system design and deployment.
● Abdullahi et al. (2021): Investigates future directions and innovations in online
booking systems, such as integration with autonomous vehicles and personalized user
experiences, shaping the future of transportation.
● Wang et al. (2021): Explores future directions and innovations in online booking
systems, including integration with autonomous vehicles, dynamic pricing
mechanisms, and personalized user experiences.
● Li et al. (2019): Examines the challenges and limitations of online booking systems,
including technical issues, regulatory constraints, and privacy concerns, emphasizing
the need for ongoing improvement.
 ● Kim et al. (2022): Analyzes the impact of online booking systems on transportation
efficiency, revealing significant improvements in wait times and route planning.
● Jones et al. (2020): Explores the economic implications of online booking systems
for drivers, noting increased earnings and economic opportunities within
transportation networks.
● Wang et al. (2023): Investigates dynamic pricing mechanisms and advanced user
experience personalization in online booking systems.
● Johnson and Brown (2023): Discusses the complexities of regulatory compliance
and licensing issues in the implementation of online booking systems.

Collectively, these studies contribute to a nuanced understanding of the role of online

booking systems in shaping the transportation landscape, offering valuable insights for
policymakers, practitioners, and researchers alike.

4o

Summary of related literature

S/N Author Title Description Year

1. Smith et al. Evolution of Discusses the evolution of 2020

Transportation transportation technologies,
Technologies focusing on the transition to
online booking systems and
their impact on convenience
and accessibility in
transportation services.

2. Chen et al. Role of Online Explores the role of online 2021

Booking Systems booking systems in facilitating
in Transportation seamless booking, payment,
and tracking of transportation
services, enhancing the overall
commuting experience for
passengers.

3. Wang & Wei Case Studies of Analyzes case studies of online 2019
Online Booking booking systems, highlighting
Systems successful implementations,
key features, and user
feedback, offering insights for
system design and deployment.

4. Johnson et al. Case Studies of Examines case studies of 2021

Online Booking online booking systems,
Systems providing lessons for system
design and deployment
 through analysis of successful
implementations, key features,
and user feedback.

5. Venkatesh et al User Behavior and Investigates user behavior and 2020

Adoption of Online adoption patterns of online
Booking Systems booking systems, shedding
light on factors influencing
user acceptance and usage
behavior, crucial for system
design and deployment.

6. Abdullahi et al. Future Directions Investigates future directions 2021

and Innovations in and innovations in online
Online Booking booking systems, such as
Systems integration with autonomous
vehicles and personalized user
experiences, shaping the future
of transportation.

7. Wang et al. Future Directions Explores future directions and 2021

and Innovations in innovations in online booking
Online Booking systems, including integration
Systems with autonomous vehicles,
dynamic pricing mechanisms,
and personalized user
experiences

8. Li et al. Challenges and Examines the challenges and

Limitations of limitations of online booking
Online Booking systems, including technical
Systems issues, regulatory constraints,
and privacy concerns,
emphasizing the need for
ongoing improvement.

Chapter Three: Methodology

3.1 Introduction

The planning phase for the implementation of the Keke Booking System is crucial, and it can
only be effectively achieved by selecting a proper methodology. A well-defined methodology
ensures that all activities in the project life cycle are carried out systematically without any
shortcuts. It allows system developers to progress step by step toward completing the entire
system. This chapter discusses the chosen methodology for implementing the Keke Booking
System.
3.1.1 System Development Methodology

This system underwent all stages of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Given the
nature of the Keke Booking System and the data collected, a Waterfall methodology was
adopted for development. This approach consists of the following stages: feasibility study,
requirement analysis and specification design, coding, testing, integration, and maintenance.
Each phase of the methodology required different levels of effort and had well-defined start
and end points. It was crucial that every phase be completed before commencing the next to
ensure thoroughness and quality.

Fig. 3.1 Design Project Model

3.1.2 Justification for the Methodology

The Waterfall methodology proved to be advantageous as it produced a complete and quality

system. Each phase needed to be completed before the next one began, which minimized the
chances of overlooking any critical elements. Additionally, the clarity of user requirements
gathered from preliminary research allowed for confident and focused development. This
approach also proved to be more cost-effective, as it reduced the potential for wasted
resources and time compared to other methodologies, such as rapid prototyping.
3.1.3 Data Collection Approaches

To effectively collect data for the Keke Booking System and its users, several data collection
techniques were employed:

3.1.3.1 Observation

The researcher conducted field observations to monitor the operations of Keke services in the
local area. This method involved identifying the system's potential drawbacks and analyzing
problems to develop effective solutions. The observational technique provided reliable and
accurate first-hand information, offering a quick overview of the system's performance. This
was deemed the most effective data collection technique.

3.1.3.2 Interviews

Interviews were conducted as direct face-to-face conversations between the system analyst
(interviewer) and users of the Keke services, including both drivers and customers. This
method was particularly useful when the number of respondents was small, allowing for
clarification and verification of gathered information. Interviews enriched the data collection
process, as some information could not be captured through observation alone.

3.1.3.3 Questionnaires

Questionnaires comprised a set of questions prepared by the researcher and distributed to

specific individuals using the Keke services. Respondents filled out the questionnaires
privately, allowing them to provide honest answers without the presence of the interviewer.
This technique was beneficial for individuals who felt uncomfortable responding during
interviews, enabling a more comprehensive collection of data.

3.4 Data Analysis Tools and Techniques

Data analysis involves evaluating data using analytical and logical reasoning to examine its
components. The collected data from various sources were analyzed after gathering and
reviewing to draw meaningful conclusions. Tools utilized for analysis included tables and
charts to present the information clearly and effectively.

3.5 Feasibility Study

The feasibility study aimed to assess the current Keke booking systems and determine the
necessity for a new system. This evaluation focused on analyzing whether the existing
systems were viable. The feasibility assessment encompassed several aspects, including legal,
operational, economic, technical, and schedule feasibility.

3.5.1 Social Operational Feasibility

This aspect measures how well the proposed Keke Booking System addresses identified
problems and leverages opportunities during the scope definition phase. It assesses how the
new system satisfies the requirements identified during the requirements analysis phase. The
operational feasibility assessment evaluated how well the proposed development projects
aligned with the existing business environment and objectives, considering factors like
development schedules, corporate culture, and business processes. To ensure success, design
parameters such as reliability, usability, and supportability were prioritized from the design
phase. The proposed Keke Booking System was found to be reliable and adaptable,
confirming its operational feasibility.

3.5.2 Legal Feasibility

This assessment determined whether the proposed Keke Booking System complied with legal
requirements, particularly regarding data protection and transportation regulations. It
evaluated any legal implications associated with the new system and implemented adequate
measures to protect the interests of clients using the Keke services. The system successfully
passed this legal feasibility assessment.

3.5.3 Economic Feasibility

The economic feasibility assessment aimed to identify the positive economic benefits that the
proposed Keke Booking System would provide to the organization and its users. This
involved quantifying and identifying expected benefits, typically through a Cost-Benefit
Analysis (CBA). The Keke Booking System was found to be economically feasible, with a
strong potential for enhancing efficiency and profitability.

3.5.4 Technical Feasibility

This assessment focused on understanding the current technical resources available in the
Keke booking sector and their applicability to the proposed system. It evaluated the hardware
and software requirements for the new system and determined whether the existing facilities
were adequate for its implementation.

3.5.5 Schedule Feasibility

Schedule feasibility measures the reasonableness of the project timeline. A project may fail if
it takes too long to complete before it becomes useful. This aspect involved estimating the
time required for system development and assessing whether it could be accomplished within
the designated timeframe. For this system, the estimated completion time of approximately
three months was deemed reasonable, indicating schedule feasibility.

3.6 Development Tools

3.6.1 Programming Tools

PHP and HTML were used for coding purposes as they served best during web-based
applications. JavaScript was also employed for scripting purposes, while CSS was used to
format the web pages and create appealing and user-friendly interfaces for the system.
Notepad++ editor was used to edit the code.

3.6.2 Database Tools

For database creation and connection purposes, XAMPP was used, which also includes
PHPMyAdmin for database management and hosting.

3.6.3 System Modeling Tools

Data flow diagrams, sequence diagrams, and use case diagrams were some of the system
modeling tools that were used during the development process.

3.7 Operation and Maintenance

Once the Keke Booking System software has been deployed in the market or released to
customers, the maintenance phase begins. This phase is crucial for ensuring that the software
remains functional, up-to-date, and responsive to user needs. As defects are discovered and
change requests come in from users, a dedicated team will be assigned to address these
updates and release new versions of the software.

The requirements for the application include several key functionalities. First, it must
implement a way for users to create accounts, which will be stored in a database for retrieval
later. Users must be identifiable as either Drivers or Commuters. Additionally, the application
should be capable of locating a nearby driver who can reach the user in the least amount of
time. The estimated arrival time for the driver must be calculated and displayed, with the
entire process of locating the driver taking no longer than 1-2 minutes and the estimated time
of arrival being less than 5 minutes. Finally, the application must be able to calculate the
estimated cost for the user based on distance traveled, charging per kilometer.

3.8 Summary
From the discussed methodology, it is evident that every system must undergo a series of
steps in a system development lifecycle. The methodology stated above was used throughout
the system development and this helped in coming up with a booking system that would
address the needs of the Keke booking organization and its clients.

CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1.1 Overview of the System

The Online Keke Napep Booking System for Kafin Hausa is designed to streamline the
booking process for Keke Napep rides, enhance the interaction between operators and
customers, and improve overall service delivery. The system enables users to book rides
online, manage bookings, and access ride information efficiently.

4.1.2 System Architecture

The system architecture of the Online Keke Napep Booking System is based on a client-
server model. The client-side consists of a web application accessed through a browser or
mobile device, while the server-side includes a database and application logic hosted on a
server. The architecture ensures scalability, reliability, and security of the system.

● Client-Side: User interface for customers to book rides, view ride details, and manage
their accounts.
● Server-Side: Handles data processing, storage, and business logic. It includes the
following components:
○ Database: Stores user information, booking details, Keke Napep schedules,
and operator information.
○ Web Server: Hosts the application and serves client requests.
○ Application Logic: Processes booking requests, manages user authentication,
and handles business rules.

4.1.3 Design Methodology

The design methodology followed for this system is the Waterfall Model. This approach
involves a linear and sequential design process, ensuring each phase is completed before
moving on to the next. This method is suitable for this project as it allows for clear
documentation and structured development.

4.2 IMPLEMENTATION

4.2.1 Development Environment

The development environment for the Online Keke Napep Booking System includes the
following technologies:

● Frontend: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for user interface design.

● Backend: PHP for server-side scripting and business logic.
● Database: MySQL for data storage and retrieval.

4.2.2 Implementation Details

The implementation process involves coding the system based on the defined requirements
and design. Key features implemented include:

● User Registration: A form for users to create accounts, including fields for first
name, last name, username, email address, contact number, and password.
● User Login: An authentication mechanism that allows registered users to log in
securely.
● Booking System: A module that enables users to book Keke Napep rides by selecting
the category, location, date, and time.

4.2.3 Code Structure

The code is organized into modules based on functionality, ensuring maintainability and
scalability. The structure includes:

● Controllers: Handle user requests and interact with the model.

● Models: Define the data structure and business logic.
● Views: Present the user interface to users.

4.2.4 Key Algorithms and Functions

Key algorithms and functions implemented in the system include:

● User Registration Function: Validates user input and stores user details in the
database.
● Login Function: Authenticates users by checking their credentials against the
database.
● Booking Function: Processes ride bookings and updates the database with booking
details.

4.3 DATABASE DESIGN

The database for the Online Keke Napep Booking System is designed using SQL and
includes the following tables:
 ● Users: Stores user information, including usernames, passwords, and contact details.
● Bookings: Contains booking details, such as ride information and timestamps.
● Keke Napep: Maintains information about available Keke Napep vehicles and their
schedules.

4.3.1 Conceptual Design

The conceptual design is modeled to reflect the relationships among entities in the system.
The following entities are identified:

● User: Represents customers of the booking system.

● Booking: Represents the booking details of Keke Napep rides.
● Keke Napep: Represents the vehicles available for booking.

4.3.2 Logical Design

The logical design details how data appears in the tables, including data types and
relationships. The relationships can be summarized as follows:

● User (1) to Booking (N): A user can have multiple bookings.

● Keke Napep (1) to Booking (N): Each Keke Napep can have multiple bookings.

4.4 INTERFACE DESIGN

The new system is designed with a user-friendly interface that is intuitive and easy to
navigate. The interface includes:

● Registration Interface: A clean form for new users to create accounts.

● Login Interface: A straightforward login form for existing users.
● Booking Interface: An easy-to-use booking form that guides users through the
booking process.
 Fig 4.1 Home page

Fig 4.2 list of keke available

 Fig 4.3 Booking form

Fig 4.4 My Bookings page

 Fig 4.5 Registration page

The interface is designed with accessibility and usability in mind, ensuring that users can
quickly and easily access the features they need.

Chapter Five: Conclusions and Recommendations

5.1 Recommendations

To address the challenges and risks encountered during the project and to improve future
developments, I propose the following recommendations:

5.1.1 Reduction in Strictness of Time Deadlines

Given that some aspects of this system involve new concepts, I recommend allowing students
to begin project development earlier. This would provide them with ample time to develop
their ideas and complete the project before the deadlines.

5.1.2 Provision of Project Finances to Students

Some students face financial difficulties that hinder data collection and requirement capture.
Therefore, I recommend providing financial support to students struggling during the
development and research process. This financial aid could cover costs such as purchasing
software licenses, accessing premium APIs, and conducting comprehensive testing.

5.1.3 Compelling Institutions to Support Student Projects

Certain institutions have posed significant challenges to the development of student projects.
Higher-level institutions should compel these entities to release and relax restrictions on their
intellectual property, such as APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Collaboration
between educational institutions and industry stakeholders would foster innovation and
practical learning experiences for students.

5.1.4 Future Improvements

While my system addresses many needs, it does not capture everything. Therefore, I
recommend future improvements, including:

● A feature allowing the admin to message clients within the system, facilitating better
communication and customer service.
● Features enabling clients to provide feedback and suggestions, which would help in
continually improving the system based on user experiences.
● Integrating the system with M-Pesa for customers to make payments using the
system, ensuring a seamless and secure payment process.

5.2 Conclusion

The existing systems of booking are limited and do not cater to mobile services, which can be
more expensive for clients compared to having the service come to them. The proposed
system addresses this by offering a module that allows clients to choose between mobile or
fixed services, reducing unnecessary costs and time consumption.

The problems associated with the current manual booking system will be addressed by the
new system. The proposed system automates the manual processes, solving issues inherent in
the old system. Additionally, the new system features a user-friendly graphical interface that
simplifies the entire booking process.

The development process was met with various challenges, including integrating different
technologies and ensuring the system met all user requirements. However, through
meticulous planning and implementation, the project was successfully completed. The system
not only works effectively but also received positive feedback from users, indicating its
acceptance and potential for practical use.

This project has been a valuable learning experience, enhancing my practical knowledge and
understanding of various web scripting languages and aligning my skills with market
expectations. I have gained insights into real-world problem-solving, project management,
and the importance of user-centered design in software development. This experience has
prepared me for future endeavors in the field of software engineering and development.

Moreover, the successful completion of this project demonstrates the feasibility of integrating
modern technologies to solve practical problems. It highlights the importance of continual
improvement and adaptation to meet evolving user needs and technological advancements.
The insights gained from this project will be instrumental in guiding future projects, ensuring
they are developed efficiently and effectively to meet their intended goals.

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MySQL. TechPress.

Johnson, L. M., & Carter, R. (2022). Modern approaches to web design and development.
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Technology Publishing.

APPENDICES ON DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES

APPENDIX I: QUESTIONNAIRE

PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS BY TICKING THE

RELEVANT BLOCK OR WRITING DOWN YOUR ANSWER IN THE SPACE
PROVIDED.

Example of how to complete this questionnaire:

Tick your gender?

Female ☐

Male ☐

SECTION A

This section of the questionnaire refers to background or biographical information. We assure

you that your response will remain anonymous. Your cooperation is appreciated.
 1. What is your business name / name of Keke company?

2. Where are you exactly located (please specify the nearest town)?

3. What modes of transportation do you operate in?

☐ Fixed
☐ Mobile
☐ Both
4. What type of services do you provide?
☐ Passenger Transport
☐ Goods Delivery
☐ Both
5. Other than Keke booking, do you deal with any other type of booking?
☐ Yes
☐ No

SECTION B

1. Do you have an automated system of operation in your Keke company?

☐ Yes
☐ No
2. If no, are you interested in an automated system of operation?
☐ Yes
☐ No
3. Do you see any importance in adopting an automated system for booking Keke rides?
☐ Yes
☐ No
4. If yes, please provide us with at least 2 important aspects of adopting this system:

5. What languages would you wish the application to support?

☐ English
☐ Hausa
☐ Yoruba
☐ Igbo
☐ French
☐ Other: _____________________________________________________
6. How frequently would you expect to update the application system?
☐ Monthly
☐ Quarterly
☐ Semi-annually

Thank you for your cooperation in completing this questionnaire.

APPENDIX II: SAMPLE INTERVIEW QUESTIONS PRESENTED TO KKE

BOOKING SYSTEM OWNERS
Types of questions asked during the interviews:

1. Could you please tell us your name and the area you operate in?

2. Have you ever used an automated system in your operations previously? If yes, what
were the capabilities of that system?

3. If your previous answer is no, would you like the system to be introduced?
☐ Yes
☐ No
4. What features would you like incorporated in the Keke booking application?

5. How do you currently handle customer bookings?

6. What challenges do you face with your current booking process?

7. What improvements do you hope to see with an automated booking system?