SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENT NO.4 ROTARY BLOWER
i TABLE OF CONTENTS
Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 1 Theory and principles ..................................................................................................2 List of apparatus .......................................................................................................... 4 Procedure ......................................................................................................................7 Set-up of apparatus......................................................................................................8 Final data sheet ............................................................................................................ 9 Computations ............................................................................................................. 10 Test data analysis ....................................................................................................... 14 Questions about the experiment ............................................................................... 11 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 16 Reccomendation.........................................................................................................17 References ...................................................................................................................28
ii OBJECTIVE To able to determine the principle in a rotary blower To analyze the procedure and function of a rotary blower To determine the rotary blower efficiency
1 THEORY AND PRINCIPLE A rotary blower is a machine that is used in pumping liquids and gases, with it also having different variations, but all uses centrifugal force in order to operate. Due to this it is one of the commonly used machine in many industries. A blower is consist of two lobes, which are spinning devices that creates pockets of air to develop a vacuum effect. This air that was suck into the blower will be compressed and release with a large amount of force. Additionally, blowers tend to come in different sizes with unique advantages when operated at certain situation.
Fig 1. A Rotary Blower
There are different types of rotary blower one of which is the roots blower, which is one of the most commonly used in different fields especially in the automobile industry. This type of blower is consist of twin lobe rotation, making a blower that focuses on providing a large amount of air into the target at a short period of time, thus making it a preferred blower type for car engines.
Fig 2. A Roots Blower
In this experiment there were a number of equations that will be used to find the missing values needed for the data sheet these are:
6 PROCEDURE: 1. Place one of the orifice in the front of the air tunnel, and make sure it is lock in place. 2. Turn on the electric motor to start the rotary blower. 3. While, the rotary blower is turned on use the thermometer in order to measure both the intake and discharge temperature. 4. Measure the current of the electric wires in the blower with the use of the amprobe. 5. Read the speed of the rotary blower by using tachometer. 6. In order to determine the rotary blower’s velocity and static head, place the pitot tube that is connected on the Hg manometer in to the rotary blower. 7. After the measurements have been gathered repeat the process, but using the other orifice. 8. After the 2nd trial, solve the overall efficiency by utilizing the gathered measurements.
7 SET-UP OF APPARATUS 1. Rotary Blower
8 FINAL DATA SHEET
Orifice Orifice Pressure (in Hg)
Speed Ts Td Current BSP TAP Blower Trial Diameter (RPM) ( C) o ( C) o (Amp) (W) (W) Eff. (%) (in) Static Velocity
9 TEST DATA ANALYSIS After the test data have been completed, which is done by determining the missing values, the group have observed that the size of orifice have a noticeable effect in the efficiency of the blower, which is the larger the orifice is, the higher its efficiency. This is probably due to the air having a higher pressure required when going through a larger opening. Additionally, when solving for the BSP of the larger orifice which is lower than the one with a smaller orifice with a 757.35 and 563.81 W, respectively. Lastly, the group also observed that the current flowing in trough the rotary blower is higher in the one that has the smaller opening.
10 QUESTIONS ABOUT THE EXPERIMENT 1. What are the major parts of a rotary blower? There are six major parts of a rotary blower the first on being the drive pulley which is the one responsible for using the rotational power generated by the engine belt. The second being the lobes also known as an impeller, which is the part that guides the air on the blower when it enters. The third major part being the bearings, followed by the gears, and the shafts which are the parts that support the lobe. Lastly, the sixth major part is the casing, which is the one responsible for keeping all the roots blower components together. 2. Cite some applications of a rotary blower? Due to the machine’s capability it is usually applied in fields that requires pumping of liquids and gases such in the industrial sector, as well as fields that requires pneumatic conveying and vacuum cleaning at a large quantity. 3. Does the air quality around a rotary blower affect its efficiency? Why or why not? Air quality does have an effect on the rotary blower’s efficiency due to it having to compressed air meaning that having some particles that is quite large can damage the internal parts, causing its efficiency to lower. 4. What are some of the aspects consider when designing an efficient rotary blower? There were a number of things and factors to consider when designing a rotary blower such as finding the right specification of blower that satisfies the need of the project, due to rotary blowers having different variations. Additionally, having a control system in the blower can help on making it efficient, since the airflow can be change to adapt to certain situations. 5. Are there possible hazards that can occur when operating a rotary blower? The potential hazards when operating a rotary blower can occur if the machine’s temperature become quite high for quite a long time, since it can cause oil seals which are generally made out of plastic to soften and deform, this can lead to oil leakage. Additionally, having a blower work at a high temperature can increase the internal pressure of the machine, meaning at a certain point the internal parts might be subjected into a much higher pressure when operating resulting to potential damage on the machine.
11 CONCLUSION Upon the completion of the experiment of the group can conclude that they were able to accomplish the objectives that were set which is to determine the principle that is in a rotary blower. Also, the group were able to analyze the way the a rotary blower functions as well as the procedures needed in order for it to operate properly, as well as being able to determine the efficiency of the blower. Furthermore, the group have concluded that the efficiency of a blower is noticeably higher when it has a larger orifice, even though the blower with a smaller orifice seems to have a much higher static velocity, BSP, and current flowing through the machine.
12 RECOMMENDATION Upon the completion of the experiment and the group being able to use the facility and the equipment provided, the group recommend on having a different type of rotary blower can provide a form of comparison between the roots blower, this can help the students on determining the key differences, as well as being able to compare their efficiencies at a specific situation. Also, the group recommends on including the certain effect of air quality when operating a rotary blower, and see the difference it makes on the machine’s effectiveness.
13 REFERENCES Roland P. (2022) What Is a Rotary Blower?. Retrieved from: https://www.aboutmechanics.com/what-is-a-rotary-blower.htm Mishra P. (ND) How Roots Supercharger Works. Retrieved from: https://www.mechanicalbooster.com/2017/08/roots-supercharger.html Pneuvay (2022) Roots blower application in industry and industrial process. Retrieved from: https://www.pneuvay.com.au/pneumatic- conveying/news/Roots-blower-application-in-industry-and-industrial- processes-such-as-pneumatic-conveying/ Major Factors that Affect Compressed Air Quality (N.D.) Retrieved from: https://www.compresstech.com.ph/2021/01/19/affect-compressed-air-quality/ Brelih N. (N.D.) How to improve energy efficiency of fans for air handling units. Retrieved from: https://www.rehva.eu/rehva-journal/chapter/how-to- improve-energy-efficiency-of-fans-for-air-handling-units The hazards of high temperature of Roots blower (2022) Retrieved from: https://en.blower.cn/new_details/14.html
