Historical research design Of external criticism and internal criticism; and

1.a. It refers to the overall strategy that the researcher choose to integrate the different 3. Presentation of the facts in readable form involving Problems and organization,
components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring that the composition, exposition, And interpretation.
researcher will effectively address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint
for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data.

Research design 4.Two (2) sources of historical research

2. It is a systematic and critical inquiry of the whole truth of past events using the primary sources
critical method in the understanding and the interpretation of facts which are secondary sources
applicable to current issues.
5.Two (2) primary sources of historical research in education
Historical research design
Documents
3.focuses at the present condition and its purpose is to find the new truth.
Remains
Descriptive research design
6.Three (3) examples of documents as a primary sources of historical research
4.it is a problem-solving approach that the study is described in the future on what
Memoranda
will be when certain variables are carefully controlled or manipulated.
Descriptive research design Circulars
5.a problem solving technique that the study is described from the past, present, and Laws
future.
Case study research 7.Three (3) examples of remains as a primary sources of historical research

6. According to funk and wagnalls in 1976, events, especially those involving human Apparatus
affairs.
Teaching aids
History
Devices.
7. In historical research evaluates the validity of the document - this is where, when,
and by Whom it was produced. 8.Two (2) examples of secondary sources of historical research

External criticism Histories of education

8. Evaluates the meaning, accuracy, and trustworthiness of the content of the Encyclopedias
document.
9.Give the importance of conducting historical research. (10 pts)
External criticism
-historical research is very important for several reasons. By looking at how people in
9. The following are advantages of conducting historical research except the past dealt with problems, we can find solutions for issues we face today. It helps
us understand why things are the way they are now by looking at their history. It gives
Historical research is limited to whatever data are available. us a sense of continuity and helps us see the link between the past and the present.
Knowing about our past helps communities understand and relate to current issues
10.the following are disadvantages of conducting historical research except better. Finally, it highlights important events and achievements from the past, making
us appreciate human efforts and progress.
There is no way, historical researcher cannot affect events of the

Ii. Enumeration. Answer as directed. (1 pt each)

1.Four (4) kinds of research design

historical design,

Descriptive design,

experimental design,

Case study design.

2.Uses of historical research

1. Historical research is useful in searching through the

Past for solutions to contemporary problems and needs.

2. It is used to throw light on the present.

3.Three (3) major steps of historical research

1. collection of data, with consideration of documents

And remains or relics of primary and secondary sources,

Of bibliographical procedure, and organization of

Materials;

2. Criticism of the data collected, including the processes

Descriptive research design 1. Types of descriptive research design

1.descriptive research design includes that purport to present facts concerning the Descriptive survey
nature and status of and standing facts that are going on. Anything. This means that -
it gives meaning to the quantify qualify Descriptive correlational survey

Quality Descriptive comparative

2.descriptive research is designed for the researcher to gather information about Descriptive-status.
conditions.
Descriptile analysis.
Present
Descriptive classification.
3.descriptive research seeks to tell "what exists" or "what is" about a certain
Descriptive normative survey
educational phenomenon. Accurate observations and assessments arise from the data
that ascertain the nature and incidence of prevalling conditions, practices or Normative survey
description of object, process, and person who are all objects of the study.
Descriptive-evaluative
Ascertain

4.it signifies the gathering of data regarding present conditions.

Survey
2.six (6) steps in conducting descriptive research
5.this approach is appropriate wherever the object of any class vary among
themselves and one is interested in knowing the extent to which different conditions Identify problem
obtain among these objects.
Review letterature
Descriptive survey
Select participants and instruments.
6.it is frequently made to ascertain the normal or typical condition (or practice), or to
compare local test results with a state or national norm. Collect valid and reliable data

Descriptive-normative survey Analyze data

7.this approach to problem solving seeks to answer questions to real facts relating to Conclusions.
existing conditions. This is a technique of quantitative description which determines 1.What are the common errors encountered in doing descriptive research?
the prevailing conditions in a group of cases chosen for the study. Lack of participant reponse
low response rates are common
Descriptive status unclear abiguous items
researcher needs to develop recording forms that collect the data objectively and
8.this method determines or describes the nature of an object by separating it into its reliably
parts. Its purpose is to discover the nature of things.

Descriptive survey descriptive-analysis 2. What are the importance of conducting descriptive research?
For a closer look into happpening, behavior, practice, methods and
9.this method is employed in natural sciences subjects such as botany, biology,
procedures.descriptive research provides essential facts and understanding about the
zoology, ichthyology, conchology and the like. The specimens collected are classified
nature of antything
from phylum to, species.

Descriptive-classification

10. This design is to appraise carefully the worthiness of the current study.

Descriptive-evaluative

11.it is a comparative survey where the researcher considers at least two entities (not
manipulated) and establishes a formal procedure for obtaining criterion data on the
basis of which he can compare and conclude which of the two is better.

Descriptive-comparative

12.this is designed to determine the relationship of two variables (x and y) whether

the relationship is perfect, very high, high, marked or moderate, slight, or negligible.

Correlational survey

13.this involves much time allotted for investigation of the same subjects at two or
more points in time.

Longitudinal survey correlational survey

14.the following are ethics of descriptive research except

Data should be manipulated.

15.the following are the importance of descriptive research design except

For the researcher to manipulate data

 The three (3) types of pre-experimental design

Experimental research design One short case study

One group pretest/posttest

1. A type of research design which is defined as "observations under controlled one static group comparison

experimental research design 4. the three (3) cardinal feature of true experimental designs

In experimental research design, the researcher is an passive observer. Randomization

Active agent
Control
3 experimental designs are concerned with examination of the effect of an
independent variable on dependent variable, where the manipulated through treatment Manipulation.
or intervention. Dependent
5.6Advantages of true-experimental design
Independent
Casual claims can be investigated
4. In experimental research design, the independent variable is by the researcher.
Greater internal vaudity
Controlled
6.Disadvantages of true-experimental design
5 in experimental research design, the dependent variable is researcher.
not very practical.
Measured
Less external validity.
In experimental research design, if there is only one independent variable that can be
manipulated, then 7.Advantages of quasi-experimental design

Single-variable 22 greater external

In experimental research design, if there are two or more independent variables, and at 23. More feasible given time and logical contraints
least one can be manipulated, then a double-variable single-variable design should be
8.Advantages of pre-experimental design
chosen.
Very practical
Factorial
Set the stage for further research
8. The pre-experimental designs have variables. Degree of control maintained on
other

Low

The true experimental designs have variables. Degree of control maintained on other

High

10. The quasi-experimental designs have other variables. Degree of control

maintained on other variable

Medium

1.Threats to experimental research design

Internal validity
external validity

2.The three (3) classification of experimental research design as to single-variable

designs

Pre-experimental designs (low degree of control

True experimental designs (high degree of control)

quasi exprimenal degigns (medium degree of control)

3.The three (3) types of true experimental research design

Posttest control group design

Posttest only control group design

Solomon four group design

The three (3) types of quasi-experimental research design

Non equivalent control group

Time series

Multiple time series

 18. It extends the cross site data analysis to include chronology as an organizing
variable.
Research design (case study)
1.case study is a qualitative research approach in which researchers focus on a unit of Time ordered meta matrix
study known as
19 it reveals relationships or association between two variables. Such relationships
Bounded system manifest them any non-random structure in the plot.

2.case study is a methodological choice and is a choice to be studied. True or false? Scatterplots

False 20. It is used by case study researchers to sort through the research sites and to display
probable effect relations.
3. A case study research method is appropriate when the researcher wants to answer
descriptive questio such as what happened? Or an explanatory question such as, how Cross site analysis strategies
and why did happen? True or false?

True
21. It extend the case study analysis and assist the case study researcher to identify
4.the following are the types of case study except how things go to

Extrinsic case study Time ordered meta matrix

5.it focuses on the case itself. The case presents an unusual or unique situation. 22.case study enables the experience to be studied and interpreted in depth. True or
false?
Intrinsic case study
True
6.it focuses on one issue. One bounded case is used to illustrate the issue. It helps to
refine a theory. 23. Case study has no potential to engage participants in the study. True or false?

Single instrumental case study False

7. It focuses on one issue or concern. Illustrate the issue. Explore differences within
and between cases.
24. A number of ways to make inferences
Multiple collective case study
True
8.the following are the characteristics of case study research except

Particularistic
Discuss briefly
9 a case study researcher may specifically choose a particular instance of phenomenon
1. How to apply case study research? (10 p) applying case study
under investigation to understand a specific problem that occurs in everyday practice.
to apply case study research, start by understanding the different types and purposes
Particularistic phenomenon of case studies and their origins to determine the most suitable approach for your
research. Next, decide on the specific type of case study you want to conduct,
10.the end result of the case study, the narrative, includes "thick description" of the including its purpose and the issues or questions it will address. Anticipate any
phenomenon, includin many variable and analyses of the interactions. potential difficulties you might face during the research and plan how to address them
effectively. Finally, present a convincing argument for why the case study method is
Descriptive phenomenon the most appropriate choice for your research topic.

11.it refers to the fact that case studies umsate the readers understanding of the study What are the steps in doing case study research?
beyond the readers' original knowledge.  identify the case study approach: the researcher identifies a suitable case study
approach based on the research problem.
Heuristic phenomenon
 select the case(s): the researcher selects a case or multiple cases to study.
12 the following are the factors to consider in designing a case study research except  determine data collection methods: the researcher decides on the types of data to
determine the research question collect and the techniques for gathering this data.
 analyze the data: the researcher selects the type of analysis, either holistic or
Spend much time in arguing a particular case study embedded, and develops a detailed description of the case, focusing on key issues.
 interpret the findings: the researcher interprets the data to report the meaning of
13 the following are sample selection in case study except the case or lessons learned.
random sampling

14. The following are the screening procedures of the case study except

Spend much time in arguing a particular case study

15.a data management tool that enables the case study researcher to assemble master o
descriptive data from each site on one large sheet of paper.

Unordered meta matrix

16. Sites are ordered in a variable of interest so that the researcher can see the
differences.

Site ordered descriptive matrix

17. It moves the case study researcher from working descriptively/deductively to

explanatory/interpretive mode.

Site ordered predictor outcome matrix