4

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 (a) Use the definition of power to show that the SI base units of power are kg m2 s–3.

[2]

(b) Use an expression for electrical power to determine the SI base units of potential difference.

units ...........................................................[2]

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2 (a) Define speed and velocity and use these definitions to explain why one of these quantities is
a scalar and the other is a vector.

speed: ......................................................................................................................................

velocity: .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) A ball is released from rest and falls vertically. The ball hits the ground and rebounds vertically,
as shown in Fig. 2.1.

initial position
ball

rebound

ground
Fig. 2.1

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The variation with time t of the velocity v of the ball is shown in Fig. 2.2.

12.0

10.0

8.0
v / m s–1
6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0
t/s
– 2.0

– 4.0

– 6.0

– 8.0

– 10.0
Fig. 2.2

Air resistance is negligible.

(i) Without calculation, use Fig. 2.2 to describe the variation with time t of the velocity of the
ball from t = 0 to t = 2.1 s.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the ball after it rebounds from the ground. Show your
working.

acceleration = ................................................. m s–2 [3]

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(iii) Calculate, for the ball, from t = 0 to t = 2.1 s,

1. the distance moved,

distance = ...................................................... m [3]

2. the displacement from the initial position.

displacement = ...................................................... m [2]

(iv) On Fig. 2.3, sketch the variation with t of the speed of the ball.

12.0

10.0

8.0
speed / m s–1
6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0
t/s
– 2.0

– 4.0

– 6.0

– 8.0

– 10.0

Fig. 2.3
[2]

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4 A student takes measurements to determine a value for the acceleration of free fall. Some of For
the apparatus used is illustrated in Fig. 4.1. Examiner’s
Use

electromagnet

iron
ball
d

bench

Fig. 4.1

The student measures the vertical distance d between the base of the electromagnet and
the bench. The time t for an iron ball to fall from the electromagnet to the bench is also
measured.
Corresponding values of t 2 and d are shown in Fig. 4.2.

60

50

d /cm

40

30

20

10

0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14
t 2 / s2

Fig. 4.2

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(a) On Fig. 4.2, draw the line of best fit for the points. [1] For
Examiner’s
(b) State and explain why there is a non-zero intercept on the graph of Fig. 4.2. Use

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Determine the student’s value for

(i) the diameter of the ball,

diameter = ........................................ cm [1]

(ii) the acceleration of free fall.

acceleration = ..................................... m s–2 [3]

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