CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

Research Design

The study made use of the Descriptive Method of research using a

questionnaire as the instrument to gather the needed information. With the

intention of learning a new truth, the study is centered on current affairs.

The discovery of new causal links or increased knowledge are two examples

of how the truth can manifest itself. Guab (2020) defines the descriptive

method as a fact-finding research with appropriate and accurate

interpretation of the findings. It explains what is actually happening, such as

the circumstances, customs, or other phenomena. The main objective of this

study is for the researcher to evaluate the acceptance of the Learning

Activity Sheets without attempting to establish a causal connection.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of this study were the 60 Filipino teachers in the

sampled public junior high school in Congressional District II in the Division of

Quezon City during the Academic Year 2023-2024.

Table 1: Respondents of the Study

Respondents Frequency Percentage

Grade 7 Teachers 15 25

Grade 8 Teachers 15 25

Grade 9 Teachers 15 25

Grade 10 Teachers 15 25

TOTAL 60 100

Sampling Technique

Purposive Sampling was the sampling technique used for this study.

Siegle, Miller and Jemal (2019) in their research, stipulated that in purposive

sampling the researcher is subjective in selecting the sampling units that

would represent the entire population. The researcher, being a Filipino

teacher, made use of her subjective judgement to properly choose the

respondents. The researcher asked for the list of all the Filipino teachers

from the sampled school and carefully pre- selected the respondents based

on their knowledge on the subjects.

Research Instrument

To gather the needed data, the questionnaire was used to gather the

data.

Questionnaire

The primary data source was a questionnaire. It included questions that

addressed the issues raised. The respondents checked a blank that matches their

response to the question. Some statements included options that explained how

respondents felt about the question. Each response has assigned numerical

values, which was then computed using the appropriate statistical software. The

questionnaire contained the following:

Part I: Demographic profile of respondents in terms of age, sex, position, length of

service, and highest educational attainment;

Part II: Academic performance of learners in Filipino 9 for SY 2022-2023;

Part III: Problems encountered by the teachers in teaching Filipino 9 using the LAS;

and

Part IV: Acceptability of the LAS in teaching Filipino 9 as assessed by the

respondents based on the LRMDS evaluation tool for printed materials.

Data Gathering Procedures

 The researcher looked into extensively about the various factors and

indicators that served as the study's concept and framework. Based on the

questions posed, the researcher created the first draft of the questionnaire.

She then presented this draft to her fellow Filipino teachers, who then made

some revisions. The questionnaire was tried out and validated by five

Filipino teachers who were not part of the respondents of this study. These

teachers have expertise in this field since they were all teaching for ten

years and above. The results were analyzed to find out if there are still items

that are confusing in the questionnaire. After incorporating all the

corrections and the needed revisions, the final draft of the questionnaire was

printed.

Before the administration of the questionnaires to the respondents, the

researcher sought permission from the Division Office of Quezon City to

allow her to float the instrument using the google form. Data were collected

personally by the researcher for validity and reliability. The said data were

sent directly to the statistician.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The collected data were tallied and tabulated. To ensure validity,

reliability and interpretation, the data were subjected to statistical

treatment. A quantitative technique was employed in the assessment.

The tabular method of presentation was done where the primary data

obtained in the questionnaire were collated and were presented through the
use of tables. The data were treated through the use of the following

statistical methods:

1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution. This was used to present

the data gathered as indicated in SOP 1,2, 3 and 4.

The following formula was used:

f
%=
N

Where:

f= the observed frequency of a given variable

N= total number of responses

2. Weighted Mean. This was used to qualify the responses on the rating

scale on the respondents’ assessment of the LAS posited in SOP 4, the

four-point rating scale was used, while in the level of acceptability as

posed in SOP 5, a six-point rating scale was used.

Formula

FX
WM =
N

Where: WM = Weight Mean

FX = Sum of the product of the frequency

N = Number of respondents
 The equivalent point assigned to each indicated item perceived

by the respondents was determined to find the weighted average

which becomes the verbal description.

4-Point Rating Scale for Assessment of Video Lessons

Scale Score Verbal Interpretation

3.26 – 4.00 4 Very Satisfactory (VS)
2.51 – 3.25 3 Satisfactory (S)
1.76 – 2.50 2 Poor (P)
1.00 – 1.75 1 Not Satisfactory (NS)

6-Point Rating Scale for Acceptability

Scale Score Verbal Interpretation

5.15 – 6.00 6 Perfectly Acceptable (PA)
4.32 – 5.14 5 Acceptable (A)
3.49 – 4.31 4 Slightly Acceptable (SA)
2.66 – 3.48 3 Slightly Unacceptable (SU)
1.83 – 2.65 2 Unacceptable (U)
1.00 – 1.82 1 Totally Unacceptable (TU)

3. Mann-Whitney U-Test. This was utilized to see if there was a difference

in how respondents rated the LAS. The U- and p-values were calculated using

SPSS version 26.

4. Kruskall-Wallis H-Test. This was utilized to see if there was a difference

in how respondents rated the LAS. The H- and p-values were calculated using

SPSS version 26.

Formula:
Where:

n = sum of sample sizes for all samples,

c = number of samples,

Tj = sum of ranks in the jth sample,

nj = size of the jth sample.