CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, the respondents of the study, the instrument

employed in data gathering and investigation, reliability of the instrument, data gathering

procedure, and statistical treatment of data used in the study.

Research design

This is a quantitative study using descriptive-correlational design which according to

Hopkins (2008) aims to determine the relationship between one thing and another in a population.

It involved the description, recording, analysis, and interpretation of the present nature,

composition, or processes of phenomena.

A descriptive-correlational design will be used to test whether there is an existing

relationship between two or more quantifiable variables, and if there is, to what extent or degree

the relationship is (Ariola, 2014).

Through a descriptive manner of unravelling the phenomena, the researcher will determine

the relationship between the variables whether positive or negative; and the degree or extent of the

relationship is presented.
Research respondents

The researcher will use quota sampling as non-probability sampling in selecting the

respondents among the Grade 12 students of Porfirio G. Comia Memorial National High School.

Through this type of sampling, the researcher selected units from the population to create sample

based on certain characteristic. In this regard, the respondents from each class will be selected to

answer the questionnaire. Their grade average from first quarter to third quarter will also be

recorded for the purpose of identifying their academic performance.

The following table shows the distribution of the participants of the study.

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents

Section Number of Respondents

STEM 10

GAS A 10

GAS B 10

GAS C 10

GAS D 10

Research instrument

The study will use a closed-form questionnaire which is self-made and will go through

validation through test-retest to assess the (title here). It will contain eight items per indicator

having a total of 24 items. The questionnaire will also use a 5-point scale for the quantification of

the gathered data.

 Table 2. Scaling and Quantification of Data Used in the Questionnaire

Scale Limit Description Interpretation

5 4.5 – 5 Always Very High
4 3.5 – 4.49 Often High
3 2.5 – 3.49 Sometimes Moderate
2 1.5 -2.49 Rarely Low
1 1 – 2.49 Never Very Low

Reliability of the instrument

Before administering the questionnaire to the respondents, the researcher will use a test-

retest method to test the reliability of the questionnaire. Eight students who are not selected in the

sampling will be requested to answer the questionnaire twice over an interval of two weeks. For

each test administration, results will be tabulated. The reliability of each part of the questionnaire

will be treated using the T-test.

Data gathering procedure

A letter seeking permission to conduct the study will be given to the school principal. After

establishing the reliability of the instrument, the researchers will conduct the study among the

selected respondents. The questionnaires will be administered by the researchers to the respondents

as the researchers encourage the respondents to answer all the items honestly for the reliability and

validity of the results. After the administration of the instruments, the researchers will seek the

assistance of the Statistician to treat the data gathered.

Statistical treatment of data

Descriptive statistics will be used in the study. Considering that the study was finding the

relationship between the given variables, correlation coefficient’s Pearson r will be used in treating

the data gathered.

Two forms of statistics will be used in analyzing the data that were collected from the

respondents. The first is descriptive statistics which includes scoring, frequency counts, and

computation of arithmetic mean.

Mean: m = ∑ x/n

Where:

m = mean

x = number of responses

n = number of respondents sample

Likewise, inferential statistics will be applied in order to test the hypothesis of the study.

Pearson’s R Correlation will be used to find the relationship between the (IV) and (DV).

Inferential analysis:

Pearson Product Moment Correlation

𝑛(∑ 𝑥𝑦)− (∑ 𝑥)(∑ 𝑦)

r=
√[𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 −(∑ 𝑥)2 ][𝑛 ∑ 𝑦 2 −(∑ 𝑦)2 ]
Where: r - Pearson correlation coefficient

x - Values in first set of data

y - Values in second set of data

n - Total number of values

References:

(List all the references here.)

 Porfirio G. Comia Memorial National High School
Barcenaga, Naujan, Oriental Mindoro

THE EFFECTS OF VICES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS OF PORFIRIO G. COMIA
MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Research Proposal

Submitted to:

JUDY M. LAYLO
Teacher

JUDY M. LAYLO
JUDY M. LAYLO
JUDY M. LAYLO
Researchers

March 2019