©METRO 2022 COT PHYSICS 2020

UNIVERSITY OF BUEA
COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
ENTRANCE EXAMMINATION INTO FIRST YEAR B.TECH PROGRAM

PAPER TITLE: PHYSICS TIME: 08:00-11:00

YEAR: 2020 TIME ALLOWED: 03 HOURS
DATE: 23/10/2020 COEFFICIENT: 4

SECTION A
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer ALL questions in this section. Write down only the letter that corresponds to
the best answer to each question. Each question carries two marks. A table of constant is giving in the
last page
1. All the following describe the magnitude and direction of a vector EXCEPT:
A. 10𝑚𝑠 −1 𝑊𝑒𝑠𝑡
B. 10𝑚𝑠 −1 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒
C. 20𝑚𝑠 −1 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡
D. 20𝑚𝑠 −1 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑔𝑕𝑡 𝑢𝑝
2. A man entered a cave and walked 100m north. He then made a sharp turn 150° to the west and
walked 87m straight ahead. How far is the man from where he entered the cave? (Note: 𝑠𝑖𝑛30° =
0.5; 𝑐𝑜𝑠30° = 0.87)
A. 25𝑚 B. 50m C. 100m D.150m
−1
3. The earth moves around the sun at approximately 30𝑚𝑠 . Is the earth accelerating?
A. No, because acceleration is a vector.
B. Yes, because the speed is not constant.
C. No, because the net displacement is 0.
D. Yes, because the velocity is not constant.
4. A 50kg skydiver and a 100kg skydiver open their parachutes and reached a constant velocity. The net
force on the larger skydiver is:
A. Half as great as the net force on the smaller skydiver.
B. Twice as great as the net force on the smaller skydiver.
C. Four times as great as the net force on the smaller skydiver.
D. Equal to the net force on the smaller skydiver.
5. Which of the following is the most probable description of an object
depicted by the graph to the right?
A. A person on a bike accelerating in a straight line and then decelerating.
B. A baseball thrown by the pitcher and hit by a batter.
C. A planet in orbit.
D. One swing on pendulum.
6. A projectile is launched at an angle of 30° to the horizontal and with a velocity of 100𝑚𝑠 −1 . How high
will the projectile be at its maximum height?

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A. 100𝑚 B. 250m C. 125m D.500m

7. If M is the mass of the earth, m is the mass of the moon, and d is the distance between their canters,
which of the following gives the instantaneous velocity of the moon as it orbits the earth? (The universal
gravitational constant is giving as G)
𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀𝑚 𝐺𝑚 𝐺𝑀
A. 𝑑
B. 𝑑
C. 𝑑
D. 𝑚𝑑
8. In a very tall building, an elevator with weight W moves quickly upward at a constant speed. The
entire weight of the elevator is supported by a single cable. The tension in the cable is:
A. Greater than W
B. Less than W
C. Equal to W
D. Dependent on the speed of the elevator
9. Ignoring air resistance, if the initial height of a body in a free fall is increased by a factor of 4, the finial
velocity when it hits the ground will increase by a factor of:
A. 2
B. It depends upon the value of the initial height.
C. 4
D. The initial velocity will remain the same.
10. A box starts from rest and slides 40m down a frictionless inclined plane. The total vertical
displacement of the ball is 20m. How long does it take for the ball to reach the end of the plane?
A. 1𝑠 B. 2s C. 4s D.8s
11. A girl riding her bicycle up a steep hill decides to save energy by zigzagging rather than riding straight
up. Ignoring friction, her strategy will:
A. Require the same amount of energy but less force on the pedals.
B. Requires less energy and more force on the pedals.
C. Requires less energy and less force on the pedals.
D. Requires the same amount of energy and the same amount of force on the pedals
12. A rescue helicopter lifts a 50kg climber by a rope from face. The rock climber is accelerated vertically
at 5𝑚𝑠 −2 . What is the tension in the rope?
A. 500𝑁 B. 350N C. 750N D.1500N
13. An object of mass 𝑚 resting on the surface of the earth experiences a force equal to its weight 𝑚𝑔,
where 𝑔 is the acceleration due to gravity. If M is the mass of the earth, G is the universal gravitational
constant, and R is the radius of the earth, which of the following expression is equal to 𝑔?
𝐺𝑀𝑚 𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀𝑚 𝐺𝑀
A. 𝑅2
B. 𝑅2
C. 𝑅
D. 𝑅
14. Which of the following describes a situation requiring no net force?
A. A car starts at rest and reaches a speed of 80𝑘𝑚/𝑕𝑟 after 15 seconds.
B. A bucket is lowered from a roof to at a constant speed of 2𝑚/𝑠.
C. A skater glides along the ice, gradually slowing from 10𝑚/𝑠 𝑡𝑜 5𝑚/𝑠
D. The pendulum of a clock moves back and forth at a constant frequency of 0.5 cycles per second

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15. A person pushes on a door and it swings open. Where should the force be applied in order to make
the door open as quickly a possible?
A. On the edge of the door nearest to the hinge
B. At the centre of the door
C. On the edge farthest from the hinge
D. A force anywhere on the door will have the same effect

16. A carpenter who is having a difficult time loosening a screw puts away his screwdriver and chooses
another with a handle with a larger diameter. He does this because:
A. Increasing force increases torque.
B. Decreasing force decreases torque.
C. Increasing lever arm increases torque.
D. Decreasing lever arm decreases torque
17. The arrows shown below represent all the forces vectors that are applied to a single point. Which of the
following could NOT be true of the point?
3
(Note: 𝑠𝑖𝑛150° = 0.5; 𝑐𝑜𝑠150° = ) F
2
A. The point is moving at a constant velocity
3𝐹
B. The point is not moving
C. The point is accelerating at a constant rate Fig Q 17
2F
D. The point is not accelerating
18. Energy consumption n the home is generally measured in units of kilowatt hours. A kilowatt hour is equal to:
A. 3600𝐽 B. 3600000J C. 6000J D.6000000J
19. A block of mass 𝑚1 slides across a frictionless surface with speed 𝑣1 and collides with a stationary
block of mass 𝑚2 . The blocks stick together after the collision and moves away with a speed 𝑣2 . Which
of the following statements is(are) true about the block?
1 1
I. 𝑚1 𝑣1 = (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝑣1 II. 𝑚1 𝑣1 2 = (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝑣2 2 III. 𝑣1 = 𝑣2
2 2
A. 𝐼 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 B. II only C. I and II only D.I, II and III
20. The graph below shows the displacement of a particle over time.
The particle exhibits increasing:
I. 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 II. 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 III. 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
A. 𝐼 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 B. II only C. I and II only D.I and III
21. The pressure at the bottom of a cylindrical tube filled with water was measured to be 5000Pa. If the
water in the tube were replaced with ethyl alcohol, what would be the new pressure at the bottom of
the tube?(The density of ethyl alcohol is 0.8𝑔𝑐𝑚−3 .)
A. 4000 𝑃𝑎 B. 4800 Pa C. 5000 Pa D.6250Pa
22. All the following would increase the volume flow rate of a fluid being pumped through a pipe
EXCEPT :
A. Increasing the pressure difference between the ends of the pipe.
B. Decreasing the fluid viscosity
C. Increasing the pipe radius

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D. Increasing the length of the pipe

23. The bulk modulus for a substance would be most important to a researcher who is testing material
that will be:
A. Used in high tension cables
B. Submerged deep in ocean
C. Subjected to high temperature
D. Transported at great speed
24. Water in moist soil rises through capillary action. The intermolecular forces between water molecules are:
A. Weaker than the intermolecular forces between water and soil molecules
B. Equal to the intermolecular forces between water and soil molecules
C. Stronger than the intermolecular forces between water and soil molecules
D. The comparative strength between intermolecular forces cannot be determined with the
information given below
25. If all of the substances listed are subjected to the same stress , which one will undergo the smallest
information change in length?
A. copper B. Aluminum C. lead D. Glass
26. The sound level of the chirping made by a bird at a distance of 5 meters is measured at 30dB. When
the same bird is 50 meters away the sound level is measured at 10dBB. How many times greater is the
amplitude of the sound wave at 5 meters away compared to 50 meters away?
A. 3 times greater B.10 times greater C. 20 times greater D.100 times greater
27. Sound waves are an example of:
A. Longitudinal waves because the medium moves perpendicularly to the propagation of the wave
B. Longitudinal waves because the medium moves parallel to the propagation of the wave
C. Transverse waves because the medium moves perpendicularly to the propagation of the wave
D. Transverse waves because the medium moves parallel to the propagation of the wave
28. When two waves are superimposed, the resulting waves can be found by summing their:
A. frequencies B. periods C. wavelengths D. displacements
29. In order for two sound waves to have an audible frequencies, the two waves must be:
A. in phase B. out of phase C. close in frequency D. of the same wavelength
30. If the mass of the bob of a pendulum is increased by a factor of 3, the period of the pendulum’s
motion will:
A. increase by a factor of 2 C. be decreased by a factor of 2
B. remain the same D. be decreased by a factor of 4
31. If the amplitude of a sound wave is doubled, the intensity:
A. remain the same C. increases by a factor of 2
B. be decreased by a factor of 4 D. increases by a factor of 16

32. Objects A and B are placed on the spring as shown. Object A has twice as
much mass as object B. If the spring is depressed and released. Propelling the objects
into the air. Object A will:
A. Rise one fourth as high as object B C. rise half as high as object B

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B. rise to the same height as object B D. rise twice as high as object B

33. The frictionless pulley system below reduces the force necessary to lift any mass
by a factor of 3. How much power is required to lift a 30kg object 2 meters in 60
seconds using this pulley system?
A. 10𝑊 B. 4W C. 24W D.120W

34. 208P undergoes two alpha decays and two beta decays to form:
A. 200Ti B. 224Pb C. 212Pb D. 208Pb
35. Which of the following graphs best represents the radioactive decay of 238U?
A. B. C. D.

36. Which of the sequences below could describe the process from Bi-210 to Pb-206?
A. alpha, beta C. beta, beta
B. alpha, alpha D. beta, beta, beta
37. When the frequency of a sound wave is increased, which of the following will decrease?
I. 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 II. 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 III. 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒
A. 𝐼 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 B. III only C. I and II only D.I and III
38. If the distance between a point charge and an infinitely large charged plate is increased by a factor of
2, the new force on the point charge will: g
A. decrease by a factor of 4 C. decrease by a factor of 2
B. remain the same D. increase by a factor of 2
39. If the force between two point charges is increased by a factor of 3, the new force on either of the
charge will be:
A. decrease by a factor of 9 C. decrease by a factor of 3
B. remain the same D. increase by a factor of 3
40. When-10C of charge are moved from point A to point B in the diagram below,
90 J of work is done. The voltage between point A and point B is:
A. 0.9𝑉 B. 9V C. 90V D.900V
41. If all the resistors in the circuit pictured below have equal resistances, and the
current flowing into resistor A is 4 amps, what is the current flowing into resistor F?
A. 2𝐴 B. A C. 8A D.16As

42. If the AC current delivered to a home by the electric company is delivered at 120𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 what is the
maximum voltage across an outlet?
A. 86𝑉 B. 120V C. 170V D.220V

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43. Compared to humans, bees perceive a slightly high frequency of electromagnetic waves. Based on
only this information, to which of the following colors is a bee more likely to be attractive?
A. 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 B. red C. yellow D. blue
44. All of the following are indicative of wave nature and not the article nature of light EXCEPT:
A. 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 B. interference C. dispersion D. reflection
45. The focal length on a mirror cut from a glass sphere with a radius of 10 cm is:
A. 5𝑐𝑚 B. 2.5cm C. 10cm D.20cm

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SECTION B
Instructions: Answer any three(03) questions of your choice in this section. Where necessary,
consider the universal gravitational constant to be 𝑮 = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟕𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 𝑵𝒎𝟐 𝒌𝒈−𝟐 , the radius of the
earth 𝑹𝑬 = 𝟔. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒎.

Q1a. A baseball is hit so that it travels straight upward after being struck by the bat. A fan observes that it takes
3.00s for the ball to reach its maximum height. Find
(i) its initial velocity and (3mks) (ii) the height it reaches. (3 marks)
Q1b. A ball starts from rest and accelerates at 0.500𝑚/𝑠 2 while moving down an inclined plane 9.00m long. When
it reaches the bottom, the ball rolls up another inclined plane, where after moving 15.0m, it comes to rest
(I) What is the speed of the ball at the bottom of the first plane? (3 marks)
(ii) How long does it take to roll down the first plane? (3 marks)
(iii) What is the acceleration along the second plane? (3 marks)
𝑉𝑖
(iv) What is the ball’s speed 8.00m along the second plane? (3marks)
Q1c. A projectile is fired up an inclined plane (incline angle 𝜙) with an 𝜃1
∅
Initial speed 𝑣𝑖 at an angle 𝜃𝑖 with respect to the horizontal.
(𝜃𝑖 > 𝜙), as shown in Figure 1
(i) Show that the projectile travels at a distance d up the inclined plane, where
2𝑣𝑖 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑖 sin ⁡
(𝜃 𝑖 −𝜙)
𝑑= 𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜙
(6 marks)
(ii) For what value of 𝜃𝑖 is d a maximum, and what is the maximum value? (3, 3 marks)

Q2a. A time-dependent force 𝐹 = 8𝑖 − 4𝑡𝑗 𝑁, where 𝑡 is in seconds, is exerted on a 2.0-kg object

initially at rest.
(i) At what time will the object be moving with a speed of 15.0𝑚/𝑠? (3 marks)
(ii) How far is the object from its initial position when its speed is 15.0𝑚/𝑠? (3 marks)
(iii) Through what total displacement has the object travelled at this time? (3 marks)
Q2b. A 4.0-kg particle moves along the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠. Its position varies with time according to 𝑥 = 𝑡 + 2𝑡 3 ,
where 𝑥 is in meters and t is in seconds.. Find
(i) The kinetic energy at any time 𝑡 (3 marks)
(ii) The acceleration of the body and the force acting on it at time 𝑡, (3 marks) 𝑉1 = 8.00𝑚/𝑠

(iii)The power being delivered to the particle at time 𝑡, and (3 marks)

(iv) The work done on the particle in the interval 𝑡 = 0 𝑡𝑜 𝑡 = 2.0𝑠. (3 marks)
Q2c. A 5.00-kg block is set into motion up an inclined plane with an
initial speed of 8.oom/s(Figure 2). The block comes to rest after travelling
3.00m along the plane, which is inclined at an angle of 30.0° to the horizontal.
For this motion, determine

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(i) The change in the block’s kinetic energy, (3 marks)

(ii) The change in the potential energy of the block-earth system, and (2 marks)
(iii) The friction force exerted on the block (assumed to be constant) (2 marks)
(iv) What is the coefficient of kinetic friction? (2 marks)

Q3a. A tennis player receives a shot with the ball (0.06 kg) travelling horizontally at 50.0m/s and returns
the shot with the ball travelling horizontally at 40.0m/s in the opposite direction.
(i) What is the impulse delivered to the ball by the racket? (3 marks)
(ii) What work does the racket do on the ball? (3 marks)
Q3b. A uniform ladder of length 𝐿 and mass 𝑚1 rests against a frictionless wall. The ladder makes an
angle of 𝜃 with the horizontal.
(i) Draw a free-body diagram of the system indicating all forces (3 marks)
(ii) Find the horizontal and vertical forces the ground exerts on the base of the ladder when a firefighter
of mass 𝑚2 is at a distance 𝑥 from the bottom. (6 marks)
iii) If the ladder is just on the verge of slipping when the fire fighter is at a distance d from the bottom,
what is the coefficient of static friction between the ladder and the ground? (3 marks)
Q3C.
(i) Show that the rate of change of free-fall acceleration with distance above the Earth’s
𝑑𝑔 2𝐺𝑀𝐸
Surface is 𝑑𝑟 = − 𝑅𝐸 3
This rate of change over distance is called a gradient. (6 marks)
ii) if 𝑕is small in comparison with the radius of the Earth, Show that the difference in free-fall
2𝑀𝑀𝐸 𝑕
acceleration between two points separated by a vertical distance 𝑕 is ∆g = (3 marks)
𝑅𝐸 3
(iii) Evaluate this distance for 𝑕 = 6.0𝑚, a typical height for a two-story building. (3 marks)

Q4a. A ball dropped from a height of 4.00m makes a perfectly elastic collision with the ground.
Assuming no mechanical energy is lost due to air resistance,
(i) Show that the ensuing motion is periodic (2 marks) and
(ii) Determine the period of the motion. (2 marks)
(iii) Is the motion simple harmonic? Explain. (2marks)

Q4b. A block-spring system oscillates with an amplitude of 3.50cm. if the spring constant is 250N/m and
the mass of the block is 0.500kg, determine
(i) The mechanical energy of the system, (2 marks)
(ii) The maximum speed of the block, (2 marks) and
(iii) The maximum acceleration. (2 marks)

Q4c. A 2.00 mol sample of helium gas initially at 300k and 0.40 atm is compressed isothermally to 1.20
atm Noting that the helium behaves as an ideal gas, find
(i) The final volume of the gas, (3 marks)
(ii) The work done on the gas, (3 marks) and

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(iii) The energy transferred by heat. (3 marks)

Q4d. Two capacitors 𝐶1 = 500𝜇𝐹 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶2 = 12.0𝜇𝐹 , are connected in parallel, and the resulting
combination is connected to a 9.00-V battery.
(i) What is the equivalence capacitance of the combination? (3 marks)
(ii) What is the potential difference across each capacitor? (2, 2 marks) and
(iii) What is the charge stored on each capacitor? (2 marks)

Q5a. Define the following terms:

(i) Intrinsic semiconductor (II) Extrinsic semiconductor (iii) doping (1×3 marks)

Q5b. Explain with the help of energy band diagram how the following are formed from doping
(i) N-type semiconductor (3 marks) (II) P-type semiconductor (3 marks)

Q5c. State the following:

(i) Ohm’s law (II) Kirchhoff’s current law (iii) Kirchhoff’s voltage law (1×3 marks)

Q5d. With reference to figure 3

(i) Use Kirchhoff’s current law to solve for the unknown current 𝐼1 , 𝐼2 , 𝐼3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼4 . (8 marks)
(ii) Calculate the voltage V, across the network. (2 marks)
(iii) Determine the values of the unknown resistors 𝑅1 , 𝑅3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅4 . Hence compute the equivalent
resistance, 𝑅𝑒𝑞 , of the circuit. (2, 2, 2, 2 marks)

𝐼3
𝐼1

𝑅3 𝑅4
𝑅1 𝑅2 25Ω

𝑅1

𝐼2 𝐼4
− E
𝑅1