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SAMPLE PROBLEMS FOR IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

1. Determine the soil water content n percent by weight for a 120g sample in a moist condition which
when oven dried, weighed 90g.

2. The combined weight of a sample and a tin is 50.0 grams. The tin weighs 20.0 grams. After oven
drying, the soil sample and tin have a weight of 45 grams. Determine the soil water content (by
weight) of the soil.

3. Determine the porosity of a soil profile if it has a bulk density of 1.8g/cc and the density of the soil
particles is 2.7g/cc.

4. Based on the field test, the bulk density of a soil profile was found to be 99.8 lb/ft 3 and the specific
gravity of the soil particles is 2.8. Determine the porosity and soil water content (by weight) of the
profile.

5. The porosity of the soil is 0.4 (cc/cc). Determine the volumetric soil water content as a fraction of
the degree of saturation (the percentage of the void volume by moisture) is 60%. Also, determine the
depth of water contained in the top 50 cm of a soil with a degree of saturation of 60% and porosity
of 0.4.

6. Determine the soil water content at field capacity and plant available soil water content in inches for
a 30-inch soil column. The field capacity by volume is 35% and the wilting point is 10%.

7. The field capacity of a soil is 35% and the wilting point is 15% by weight. The bulk density of the
soil is 78 lb/ft3. Determine the available water content in percent by weight and by volume. Also
determine the plant available soil water content in the top 2ft of soil. Express the answer as depth of
water in inches.

8. A moist soil sample (diameter 1.2 inches, length 2.0 inches) weighs 65.42 grams. After drying in an
oven the sample weighs 56.14 grams. The soil particles have specific gravity of 2.65. Determine the
soil moisture of the sample in (a) grams per gram of soil; (b) grams per gram of moist soil; and (c)
cubic centimeters per cubic centimeters of total soil volume. Find the (d) porosity of the soil sample
and the (e) percentage of saturation.

9. A sharp-edged cylinder 7.5 cm in diameter is carefully driven in to the soil so negligible compaction
occurs. A 12-cm column of soil is obtained. The fresh and dry masses of the soil sample are 910.6
and 736.3 grams, respectively. Assume the particle density of the soil is 2.6 grams per cubic
centimeters. Determine the following:

a. apparent specific gravity

b. percent porosity
c. percent moisture content on a dry weight basis
d. percent moisture content on a volume basis
e. equivalent depth of water present within the soil column

10. Three soil samples were taken from the three points within a hectare farm were placed in an oven for
moisture content determination. The results show that the average soil moisture content on dry
weight basis is 18.5%. The bulk density of the soil is found to be 1.35 grams/cm3. Determine:

a. equivalent depth of water present in the farm within a depth of 50 cm.

b. volume of water needed to bring the present moisture content of 18.5% to 30.5% by dry
weight for every meter depth of soil.

11. (BP ’82) A farmer collected a soil sample two days after irrigation. The cylindrical sample has the
following dimensions: diameter 12.7 cm, height 20.32 cm. The sample weighed 3000 grams before
drying and 2340 grams after drying. Estimate the field capacity in cm per meter depth of soil.

12. A barrel of soil was collected in the field and determined to have a wet mass of 230 kilograms. If the
dry moisture content of the soil was 0.18, find the (a) weight of the water and (b) dry weight of
solids in the volume.

13. Calculate the bulk volume of 45.5 kg wet soil containing of 8.2 kg of associated water if its bulk
density is 1.25 g/cm3.

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14. Determine the moisture content of the clay loam if the amount of water used by the plant for its
growth is 45%. Clay loam soil had field capacity and permanent wilting point of 32% and 28% dry
weight, respectively.

15. The root zone of a silt loam is at its permanent wilting point at 13% dry weight. What depth of water
must be applied in order to bring its water content up to its field capacity of 22% dry weight?
Assume that the root zone depth is 0.16m and soil bulk density is 1.280 kg/cm3.

16. A soil has initial volumetric moisture content of 12%. What volume of water will be needed to wet a
hectare of this soil to its field capacity of 19% dry weight? Bulk density is 1.320 kg/m 3 and the depth
of the root zone is 0.5m.

17. Determine the discharge of a stream having an average cross-sectional area of 20.0 m 2 by the float
method. Trial runs for the surface floats to travel a distance of 100m we 130, 128, 132, 129 and 134
seconds.

18. Compute the flow in liters per second over a rectangular sharp crested weir with:

a. suppressed end contractions if the weir crest is 600 mm long and the water surface at a point
2.5 m upstream from the weir is 140 mm vertically above the weir crest.
b. Complete end contractions with a measured weir crest length of 350 mm.

18.1 The maximum discharge of a river during floods is 200 cu m/s. A weir is constructed across the river
where a road bridgeis provided over the weir which divides it into a number of openings each having a span
of 4.5m. It is required to determine the number of openings needed in order that the head of water over the
crest should not exceed 1.8m. Assume Va = 4m/s. Use Francis formula.

19. Compute the total streamflow (in cubic meters per second) for the data given below obtained
using a current meter:

Distance (m) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Depth (m) 0 0.5 2.2 3.7 2.5 1.2 0
Velocity (m/s)
0.2d 0 0.4 1.1 1.5 0.9 0.3 0
0.8d 0 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 0

20. Determine the flow in a trapezoidal irrigation canal with a bottom width of 2.0m and a side slope of
1V: 2H if the water depth is 1.0 m. The difference in elevation of the water surface at points 120 m
apart is 8.5 cm. Assume roughness coefficient of 0.015.

21. Determine the flow (in cm3/s) in a trapezoidal canal with a bottom width of 2.5 meters and a z value
of 1.8 if the water depth is 1.2 meters. Assume a roughness coefficient of 0.01 and the water surface
slope of 0.0005.

22. A farmer found out that he has a farm irrigation requirement (FIR) of 200 mm. What is the FIR in
liters per second per hectare (lps/ha) if he needs to supply the water in 10 days.

23. (BP ’88) A farmer proposes to use sprinklers on a rectangular piece of land 160m x 120m with the
lateral lines parallel to the shorter side. The land is adjacent to a river from whereh e can pump
water. In his studies, he found out that he would need a maximum application depth of 60 mm every
10 days. The maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the application efficiency is 80%.
Assume that the sprinkler spacing is 9 x 9 m.

a. What is the design discharge per sprinkler in lps?

b. How many sprinklers are there in a lateral?
c. How many lateral positions will he have?
d. How many hours will it take him to apply the water requirement in one lateral position?
e. What is the pump discharge requirement in lps?

24. (BP ’89) You are asked to irrigate an upland crop in a 100 x 100 m area by furrow irrigation.
Assume that the appropriate inflow rate (sandy oam soil) is 0.5 liters/s/100 m. Assume further that
the spacing between furrows is 50 cm and the required application is 100 mm. Determine:

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a. the time of irrigating each furrow

b. if the available water supply is 5 lps, how many furrows can be irrigated at the same time
c. The time needed to irrigate the whole field.

25. (BP ’91) If the irrigation requirement is 7 mm/day, what is the design discharge of a canal to be able
to deliver a 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24 hours?

26. The root zone of the soil has a field capacity of 192 mm and the wiling point of 114 mm. The
consumptive use of crops for July is 6.14 mm/day. Assuming no rainfall and 75% allowable
moisture depletion, how often ought a farmer to irrigate?

27. An irrigator takes a delivery of 720,000 m 3 of water for a 65-ha farm during a year in which the
consumptive use is estimated to be 94 cm and the effective precipitation is estimated to be 39 cm.
What is the farm irrigation efficiency?

28. Three m3/s of water is delivered from a river into a canal. Of this amount, 2.25 m 3/s is delivered to
the farms. The surface runoff from the irrigated area is 450 lps and the contribution to the
groundwater is 300 lps. Determine:

a. water conveyance efficiency

b. water application efficiency

29. A flow of 1840 gpm is to be pumped at a head of 50 ft. What is the water horsepower (WHP)
required?

30. A 12 hp pump delivers 1200 gpm. Assuming that the pump is 100% efficient, what is the pressure
(Psi) against which the pump is operating?

31. A pump is 75% efficient, and the motor is 82% efficient. If the pump is delivering 825 gpm against a
TDH of 95 ft, determine:

a. WHP
b. BHP
c. Motor HP

32. A farmer irrigated his 2 ha farm when the average depth of rooting was 1.10 m. Two days after
irrigation, he took a soil auger to the field and by boring holes into the soil, determined the average
depth of penetration in each 0.25 ha. Find (a) water distribution efficiency (88.31%) and (b) water
storage efficiency (91.36%)

Depth of Penetration, d
(m) Deviation, y (m)

0.82 0.185
0.98 0.025
1.10 0.095
1.22 0.215
1.07 0.065
0.90 0.105
0.85 0.155
1.10 0.095

Ave d = 1.005 Ave y = 0.1175

33. An inclined cylinder of 20 cm diameter filled with saturated sand, with k = 10 m/day, is provided
with two piezometers 50 cm apart. The openings of the two piezometers have elevation heads of 50
cm and 30 cm from a common datum and the corresponding water levels in the piezometers are 32
and 26 cm. Estimate the flow through the cylinder.

34. In a laboratory test, a sample aquifer material with a volume of 0.02832 m 3 was found to have mass
of 38.56 kg. After being allowed to drain thoroughly by gravity, the sample reads 33.11 kg after
being crushed and thoroughly oven dried, the sample showed a 23.13 kg mass. If the sample was
saturated initially, calculate (a) specific yield, (b) specific retention and (c) porosity of the aquifer.
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35. Estimate the volume of water that could be theoretically withdrawn by pumping from a saturated
sandstone aquifer (Sy = 8%) having an average depth of 1,370 m. What volume of water could be
drained by gravity if the aquifer of the same area and depth is practically sand (Sy = 25%)?

36. An aquifer of effective porosity of 0.10 has an average hydraulic conductivity of 11.0 m/day. At a
certain time, the observed piezometric contour value at an upgradient point is 164 m and that at a
downgradient point is 152 m. Determine the velocity of groundwater if the average distance between
the contours is 18 km.

37. A 25 m thick confined aquifer comprises of different horizontal hydraulic conductivities as follows:
5 m wth k = 12m/day, 10 m with k = 25m/day, 10 m with k = 40 m/day. (a) Determine the rate of
groundwater flow through a kilometer width of the aquifer under a hydraulic gradient of 1 in 300 of
the piezometric surface, (b) Estimate the average hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer.

38.A well of radius 30 cm fully penetrating a water table aquifer, with k = 20

m/day, and H, initial head above the impervious stratum = 40 m, is pumped
till a steady water level in the well is 35 m above the stratum. Assuming
that the radius of influence is 600 m and that there are well losses, estimate
the steady state discharge.

39.A well in the center of an unconfined island aquifer, bounded externally by

a circle of radius 1200 m, is proposed to be pumped at a rate that will limit
the drawdown to 6 m at a distance of 15 m from the well. What should be
the maximum allowable discharge of the well, given that the height of the
static water table above the impermeable base of the aquifer is 10 m and k
of the aquifer is 0.1 m/day.

40.In two observation wells located at distances of 99.9 and 199.8 m from a
pumping well discharging at constant rate of 2725 m 3/day, steady state
drawdowns of 1.860 and 1.570 m were recorded at the end of 7000 minutes
of pumping. Determine the transmissivity of the aquifer.

41. A fully penetrating well of diameter 0.3 m abstracts water

from a confined aquifer. Compute the discharge when the steady
state drawdown at distances of 10 m and 60 m are respectively
2.4 m and 0.5 m, given the thickness of the aquifer and k as 20 m
and 10 m/day respectively .
42. What is the maximum Q (lps) that can be obtained before drawdown goes below the suction lifting
range of 22 ft assuming characteristic well loss, 4” diameter and radius of influence of 2000 ft?

43. Determine the flow from the soil into a 3 m depth open drain 120 meters long when the drains are
spaced 45 meters apart. The depth of pervious stratum is 4.5 meters, and the depth of the water table
midway between the drains is 1m below the ground surface. The average permeability of the
pervious stratum is 1.5 x 10-4 m/s. The depth of the water in the drain is negligible.

44. Determine the drain spacing if drains are located 4 ft below the ground surface, the depth of the
impeding layer is 12 ft below the drains (16 ft below the ground surface) and the saturated hydraulic
conductivity is 0.75 ft/day. For good plant growth it is required that the water table be at least 2 ft
below the ground surface (14 ft above the impeding layer) and it will be necessary to remove
irrigation water at a rate of 0.60 in/day.

45. What spacing of drains will draw from the soil stream of 2 ft 3/s supplied by rainfall in a 2500 ft
length of a 15 ft depth drain in which the water is 2 ft deep when the water is 5 ft below the ground
midway between the drains? (The average soil permeability is 2 x 10-3 ft/s)

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SAMPLE PRE-BOARD
Irrigation and Drainage, SWCE

MULTIPLE CHOICE:

1. Geologic formations arranged in decreasing economic attractiveness of pumping

a. aquifer, aquifuge, aquitard, aquiclude
b. aquifer, aquiclude, aquitard, aquifuge
c. aquifer, aquitard, aquifuge, aquiclude
d. aquifer, aquitard, aquiclude, aquifuge

2. It is the right at which the land owner along the stream which entitles him/her to have the water flow
in its natural channel undermined in quantity and unpolluted in quality.
a. appropriation right c. water right
b. riparian right d irrigation right

3. The minimum distance from the center of the lone pumped well wherein no drawdown will be
observed is the _____________
a. well radius c. radius of interference
b. radius of influence d. drawdown curve

4. The infiltration equation based on the exhaustion process

a. Lewis-Kostiakov’s c. Philip’s
b. Horton’s d. Darcy’s

5. It is the ratio of the dry mass of the soil to the mass of water with volume equal to the soil bulk
volume
a. Particle density c. Real specific gravity
b. Bulk density d. Apparent specific gravity

6. Distribution control structures placed across an irrigation ditch to block the flow temporarily and to
raise the upstream water level.
a. turnouts c. culverts
b. checks d. weirs

7. It accounts for the losses incurred before the water is delivered into the field ditches.
a. application efficiency c. water inflow
b. conveyance efficiency d. water outflow

8. It refers to the composite parts of the irrigation system that divert water from natural bodies of water
such as rivers.
a. main canal c. irrigation structures
b. diversion dam d. headworks

9. The International Soil Science Society describes sand as a soil particle with diameter of
a. 0.02 to 2 mm c. 0.002 to 0.02 mm
b. 0.2 to 2 mm d. 0.002 to 0.2 mm

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10. Irrigation method used for row crops wherein only a part of the surface is wetted
a. basin flooding c. border irrigation
b. furrow irrigation d. border-strip flooding

11. What is the expected annual rice production for a 5 ha farm with 140% cropping intensity and 2
cropping per year if the average yield is 4 tons per hectare?
a. 56 tons c. 20 tons
b. 28.6 tons d. 28 tons

12. Drain layout for fields with a relatively flat portions in the middle.
a. herringbone c. double main
b. grid iron d. natural

13. For a 9m x 9m drain spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw for a 40% overlap?
a. 12.6 m c. 6.3 m
b. 5.4 m d. 10.8 m

14. What is the discharge in each sprinkler nozzle to irrigate a rectangular piece of land 150m x 180m if
the laterals are set parallel to the longer side of the field? Sprinkler spacing is 6m x 6m, irrigation
requirement is 150mm and the irrigation period is 6 hours.
a. 0.250 lps c. 0.500 lps
b. 0.375 lps d. 0.125 lps

15. Compute the land soaking requirement for a soil (depth of rootzone = 30cm) with residual moisture
content of 16% by weight, bulk density of 1,200 kg/m 3 and porosity of 45%. Standing water for
planting is 25 mm.
a. 136.4 mm c. 77.4 mm
b. 102.4 mm d. 111.4 mm

16. Compute the unidirectional flow in two parallel drains, 1000 m apart if the soil hydraulic
conductivity is 12 m/day and the water level a the drains are 6 and 8 m.
a. 0.168 m3/day c. 0.0005 m2/hr
3
b. 0.012 m /day d. 0.007 m2/hr

17. A 20 ft thick confined aquifer with hydraulic conductivity of 400 ft/day was tapped by a 4” dia
shallow tubewell. With a radius of influence of 2500 ft, determine the maximum discharge of the
STW in liters per second. Assume an allowable drawdown of 12 ft.
a. 22.17 c. 62.71
b. 20.57 d. 25.63

18. A 21.6 mm/day water requirement is equivalent to:

a. 23.8 gpm/ha c. 2.5lps/ha
b. 0.9 lps/ha d. 14.3 gpm/ha

19. In hooghouth’s drain spacing formula it is assumed that:

a. The water table is in equilibrium with the rainfall or irrigation water
b. The drains are evenly spaced
c. Darcy’s law is valid for flow through the soils
d. All of the above

20. Tensiometers are not capable of measuring a wide range of soil moisture content because they can
only measure soil moisture tension up to:
a. 0.7 atm c. 75 kpa
b. 68.4 cmHg d. 608 mmHg

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21-24. An unconfined aquifer is situated above a horizontal impervious base and is composed of sand with
hydraulic conductivity of 12 m/day. In this aquifer, two fully penetrating ditches from a strip of land with a
constant width of 1200 m. The water level in the left and right ditches rises to 8 and 12 m above the
impervious base, respectively. The recharge by rainfall is 6.5 mm/day. Evaporation losses amount to 2.5
mm/day.

21. Determine the location of the stagnation point of the groundwater

a. 662 m from the left drain
b. 500 m from the lect drain
c. 538 m from the right drain
d. 660 m from the right drain

22. Compute the flow into the right drain

a. 3.5 m2/day c. 2.0 m2/day
2
b. 4.3 m /day d. 2.8 m2/day

23. Compute the flow into the left drain

a. 3.5 m2/day c. 2.0 m2/day
2
b. 4.3 m /day d. 2.8 m2/day

24. Compute the maximum elevation of water table inside the strip of land
a. 14.94 m c. 16.05 m
b. 13.47 m d. 20.10 m

25. Determine the head loss in a 4” aluminum lateral 500 ft long if sprinkler spacing is 50
ft. Sprinkler discharge is 0.25 lps.
a. 6.86 ft c. 3.60 ft
b. 2.72 ft d. 1.43 ft

26. Type of flow wherein the depth of flow in prismatic channel is constant at any point
along the course.
a. laminar flow c. uniform flow
b. steady flow d. critical flow

27. Weirs are ____ placed in a stream or channel to constrict the flow and cause it to fall
over a crest. What type of flow regime is induce and is a basis for its discharge
equation.
a. Steady flow c. Critical flow
b. Uniform flow d. Laminar flow

28. For a 4-inch orifice with a discharge of 0.60, what head results when measuring a
discharge of 0.87 cfs?
a. 0.27 ft c. 1.31 m
b. 0.29 ft d. 1.32

29. When the groundwater level is higher than the level of water in the stream or river such
that the groundwater sustains the streamflow even during dry season, the stream is said
to be an:
a. Effluent stream c. Unsteady stream
b. Intermittent stream d. Uniform stream

30. The process of determining the stage height, storage volume and outflow rate from a
reservoir or stream reach for a particular inflow hydrograph is called:
a. synthetic hydrograph c. channel straightening

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b. flood routing d. water conservation

31. A small water impounding reservoir with a capacity of 1,500 cu.m. was constructed on
a catchment area of 100 hectares. If the annual sediment prediction is 4.26 m 2/ha, what
is the probable life of the reservoir before its capacity is reduced to 500 cu.m? Assume
trap efficiency of dam of 31%.
a. 5.4 years c. 13.6 years
b. 26.3 years d. 7.6 years

32. A type of terrace usually used for 25-30% slope characterized by the construction of
series of platforms along the contour cut into hill slope in a step like formation.
a. Bench terrace c. Zing terrace
b. Broad-based terrace d. Manning’s terrace

33. The equation used in current meters is V = a + bN. What does a signifies?
a. proportionality constant c. bed slope
b. Starting velocity d. number of revolutions

34. Run-off is produced when this property of the soil surface is exceeded
a. Perolation rate c. Erodibility
b. Infiltration rate d. Permeability

35. Type of flow wherein the depth of flow at every section of a prismatic cyhannel is
constant
a. Laminar flow c. Uniform flow
b. Steady flow d. Critical flow

36. What is the soil erosion of 10T/ha/yr in mm/year? Assume that the soil bulk density is
1.2T/m3.
a. 0.083 mm/year c. 0.83 mm/year
b. 0.328 in/year d. 3.16 in/year
37. The soil erosion in a certain 10-ha farm practicing conventional tillage (P factor = 1.0)
was computed to be 50T/ha/yr. By what percentage will the difference in soil erosion if
zoning (P factor = 0.25) was employed?
a. 25% increase c. 25% decrease
b. 75% increase d. 75% decrease

38. Temporal distribution of rainfall refers to

a. Distribution over space c. Distribution over time
b. Distribution over watershed d. Temporary distribution

39. Using the float method in determining the velocity of water in a channel, the float
velocity relation to the average water velocity is
a. equal to the average water velocity c. greater than the average water velocity
b. less than the average water velocity d. no relation at all

40. The USLE is a method of computing sheet and rill erosion which utilizes rainfall
intensity in its rainfall factor ®. Thru the studies of Dr. David et al for Philippine
condition for R was modified,. What was the modification in computing for R?
a. used a set of maps for R c. Used daily rainfall totals greater than 25mm
b. Used old rainfall data d. Used rainfall intensity greater than 25 mm/hr

41. A flood flow of 560 m3/s was determined to have a 50% probability of occurrence.
What is the return period?
a. 2 years c. 20 years
b. 5 years d. 50 years

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42. For a watershed of 360 hectares, the peak run-off rate for a 0.5 cm/hr rain intensity (at
the time of concentration) was observed as 2.5 m3/s. What is the run-off coefficient?
a. 0.5 c. 5.0
b. 0.005 d. 0.05

43. A type of terrace typically used for 9024% slope characterized by breaking the slope at
certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to trap runoff.
a. Bench terrace c. Zingg terrace
b. Broad-base terrace d. Manning’s terrace

44. The theoretical flow velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s. What is the height of water flowing
above the center of the orifice?
a. 20.4 cm c. 361.2 cm
b. 81.6 cm d. 90.3 cm

45. RAEG is measuring the flow of the tributary of the Bicol River Basin using a Price
meter. Luckily they were able to find a trapezoidal section in the stream with a side
slope z = 2 and bed width of 1.3 m. After several trials, the average reading at 0.8d is 30
rev/mn and at 0.2d is 33 rev/min. The depth of the flow is (d) 2.2 m and the instrument
constants a and b are 0.019 and 0.7 respectively. What is the discharge of the said
tributary?
a. 1.11 m3/s c. 276.75 m3/s
3
b. 4.85 m /s d. 289.91 m3/s

46. A rectangular water tank, 2 meters high, is filled with water. Due to rust, a circular hole
was made on a lower portion of one side of the tank. Considering that the tank is
maintained full, what is the velocity of water right its take-off from the hole?
a. 6.26 m/s c. 39.22 m/s
b. 4.43 m/s d. 19.63 m/s

47. La Mesa Watershed having a drainage area of 400 sq. km. has been characterized to ave
an average CN value of 65 in 1970 where it experienced a storm depth of 100mm. After
30 years, the sane storm was felt but this time, due primarily to change in land use
inside the watershed, the CN value now is 84. What is the percentage change in the
depth of runoff?
a. 133% c. 41%
b. 80% d. 29%

48. What is the water depth in a 24-inch diameter culvert which flows at 500 gpm and 2 ft/s
velocity?
a. 24.0 inches c. 30.5 cm
b. 1.4 inches d. 18.3 cm

49. A horizontal fully flowing 4-inch pipe is discharging water. The X-coordinate and Y-
coordinate of the water trajectory as measured from the end of the pipe are 1.5 and
0.8m, respectively. Assuming that the coefficient of discharge is 1.1, what is the
discharge of the pipe.
a. 11 lps c. 22 lps
b. 33 lps d. 44 lps

50. What should be the minimum weir height for measuring a flow of 1000 gpm with a 90
degree V notch weir, if the flow is now moving at 5 ft/sec in a 2 ft wide rectangular
channel?
a. 1.5 ft c. 1.4 ft
b. 1.3 ft d. 1.2 ft

51. A 10 inch diameter pipe is 1/3 full. What is the velocity of the water if the volume of
the flow is 135 gpm?
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a. 7.2 m/s c. 10.6 ft/s

b. 2.0 ft/s d. 0.01 m/s

52. On a 20% hill slope, it is proposed to construct bench terraces with 1:1 batter slope. If
the vertical intervals is 2 meters, what is the width of the terrace?
a. 10 m c. 26.2 m
b. 20 m d. 52.5 ft

53. Determine the crest length for a structure for a chute spillway for a design flow of 1.4
cms, and a maximum water level at the inlet is 0.5 m. The coefficient of discharge is 1.5
(1.66).
a. 0.54 m c. 4.38 m
b. 2.38 m d. 2.15 m

vjpManzano jr SAMPLE PROBLEMS irrigation and drainage