THE GENUS N E O H E R M E S (MEGALOPTERA:

CORYDALIIDAE )

"

BY OLIVER FLINT, S. JR. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.

Neohermes was erected in 1908 by Nathan Banks for several American species then placed in Chauliodes. T h e only comprehensive treatment of the genus is that of Weele ( I ~ I O ) who in his mono, graphic revision of the Megaloptera synonymized all the names available for the North American members of the genus. Recently, I happened to compare the genitalia of eastern and western specimens of Neohermes and it was immediately obvious that they were different. After careful study of much more material I am able to yecognize five species in the genus. I wish to thank the following who generously loaned specimens and provided other valuable information: M r . D. E. Kimmins, British Museum (Natural History), London, England; D r . Ellis G. MacLeod, Hasvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Dr. J. G. Franclemont and D r . L. L. Pechuman, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; D r . Lewis P. Kelsey, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware; Dr. Paul H. Arnaud, Jr., California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California; and D r . Jerry A. Powell. University of California, Berkeley, California. Neohermes Banks
Banks, 1908, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 10: 29. Weele, 1909. Notes Leyden Mus. 30: 258; 1910, Coll. 2001. Selys 5 ( 1 ) : 52. Munroe, 1951, Canad. Ent. 83: 33-35; 1953, Canad. Ent. 85: 190-192. Kimmins, 1954, Bull. Brit. Mus., Ent. 3: 418-419. Chandler, 1956, Aquatic Ins. Calif. : 232.

Male with moniliform antennae, about three-fourths as long as fore wings, each segment bearing a whorl of bristly setae; antennae of female subserrate, about one-half as long as forewings. Forewing with R 3 and R, fused for nearly half of their length, and generally with a crossvein beyond their separation; anterior branch of 2A united with IA for a short distance. Hindwing with first branch of M forked apically. W i n g membrane slightly grayish; forewing and costal margin and apex of hindwing densely marked with black spots set at right angles to the veins; forewing with a large black mark at the level of m-cu. Male genitalia with anal plate cylindrical, apex
*Manuscript received by the editor June 23, 1965
255

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Fig. 1. W i n g s of Neohermes ( a f t e r C h a n d l e r 1956)

often decurved, with an apicomesal patch of short, black setae; ninth sternum forming a broad scoop; aedeagus flat, tip bilobed, with a central ridge. Female genitalia with anal plate triangular, gonapophysis lateralis may bear an apical papilla. Type-species : Chauliodes filicornis Banks (original designation). T h e genus Neohermes, known only from North America, is closely related to Protochauliodes Weele which is known from Western North America, Chile, and Australia. T h e males of Neohermes are easily recognized by their long hairy antennae (similar to a bottlebrush). T h e females of the two genera sometimes are very difficult to separzte; the presence of a crossvein in cell R, of the forewing is generally reliable, but it is sometimes lacking in Neohermes or present in Protochauliodes; the gonapophyses laterales in the western species of Neohermes lack an apical papilla (present in the eastern ones) which is present in the Protochauliodes species in the same region. There is some variation in the shapes of the anal plates and aedeagi in all species. T h e three eastern species recognized probably do not have significantly differently shaped anal plates but do seem to have quite different aedeagi. I t is possible that additional material from more localities in the southeastern United States will show intergradation in the shape of the aedeaggs.
Neohermes filicornis (Banks) Figures 2-4, g
Chauliodes filicornis Banks, 1903, Proc. Ent. Soc. W a s h . 5 : 238. Neohermes filicornis ( B a n k s ) : Banks, 1908, Proc. Ent. Soc. W a s h . l o : 29. Weele 1910, Coll. 2001. Selys 5 ( 1 ) : 52-54. V a n Dyke, 1944, Pan-Pacific Ent. 2 0 : 110.

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T h e male type of the spccies is present a t the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. I n addition to the type many more specimens of the species from N e w Mexico, Arizona, and California have been studied. Although this species and californicus are both found in California, they occupy different ranges within the state. T h e male is easily separated from the closely related N. californicus by the shape of the anal plate which is not bifurcated but produced apicoventrally. T h e females of the two species are difficult to separate although the anal plate is usually not produced into a point in filicornis. Male genitalia. - Ninth tergum large, sternum scoop-like. Anal plate with apicaventral angle produced, bearing mesally many short black setae in this region; apicodorsal angle rarely slightly produced. Aedeagus scoop-shaped, apex produced into a pair of submesal lobes, from which run rather straight ridges t o the base; lateral margin evenly convex. Female genitalia. -Anal plate triangular, with apical point barely developed. Gonapophysis lateralis without papilla. Length of forewing. -male ( 7 0 examples) 29 to 50 mm., ave. 39.0; female ( 2 5 examples) 37 to 54 mm., ave. 45.8. Holotype, male -Arizona, Jerome, June 24, 1902, Oslar. M u seum of Comparative Zoology. Distribution. - NEW MEXICO : Silver City (July). ARIZONA : Chiricahua Mts. (June, July, M a y ) ; Huachuacha Mts. (June) ; Santa Rita Mts. (June) ; Baboquivari Mts.; Sta. Catalina Mts. (June) ; Coconino Co. (July) ; Garcia; Palmerlee (July, Aug., Oct.). CALIFORNIA : San Diego Co. ( M a y , June) ; Orange Co. (July) ; Riverside Co. (July) ; Los Angeles Co. (June, July, Aug.) ; Ventura Co. (Aug.) ; San Luis Obispo (July, Aug.) ; Santa Clasa Co. (June) ; Alameda Co. (June) ; Contra Costa Co. (Sept.) ; Marin Co. (July) ; Sonoma Co. (Feb., July) ; hfendocino Co. (Aug.) ; Lake Co. (Aug.)

Neohermes californicus ( W a l k e r )
Figures 5-8
CRauliodes californicus W a l k e r , 1853, Neur. Brit. Mus. 2 : 199. Hagen, 1861, Syn. Neur. N. Amer. : 190. MacLachlan, 1867, Jour. Linn. Soc. Zool., 9 : 259; 1869, Ann. & M a g . Nat. Hist. 4 ( 4 ) : 40. Banks, 1892, T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc. 1 9 : 357; 1907, T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc. 3 3 : 21. Davis, 1903, Bull. N. Y . State Mus. 68: 463. ATeolzermes californicus ( W a l k e r ) : Banks, 1908, Proc. Ent. Soc. W a s h . 1 0 : 29. Weele, 1910, Coll. 2001. Selys 5 ( 1 ) : 53. Caudell, 1933, Pan-Pac. Ent. 9 : 125. Van Dyke, 1944, Pan-Pac. Ent. 2 0 : 110. Munroe, 1951, C a n a d . Ent. 8 3 : 33. Chandler, 1956, Aquat. Ins. Cal. : 232.

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Examples of this species from California and Nevada have been studied. D. E. Kimmins kindly prepared the accompanying figure of the female genitalia from the holotype located in the British Museum. H e further states that there is a second specimen (male) which was apparently the one used by Weele for his figure of the genitalia, but that it is not a type candidate. T h e species is closest to N. filicornis from which it is easily separated in the male sex by the forked anal plate, and in the female by the more pointed anal plate. Male genitaliaAAnal plate decurved for apical half, with tip bifid; mesa1 surface of ventral lobe with short, black setae. Aedeagus scoop-like, apex produced into a pair of submesal lobes, which are developed into slightly sinuous ridges running to the base; lateral margin convex. Female genitaliaAAnal plate triangular, apex produced into a distinct point. Gonapophysis lateralis without papilla. ( 2 0 examples) 34 to 47 mm., ave. Length of forewing. -male 39.9 mm.; female ( 2 1 examples) 36 to 48 mm., ave. 42.9 mm. Distribution. - CALIFORYIA : Modoc Co. (July) ; Lassen Co. ; Siskiyou Co. (June) ; Shasta Co. (July) ; Tehama Co. (April, M a y ) ; Plumas Co. ; Sierra Co. ; (Aug.) ; Mendocino Co. (June) ; El Dorado Co. (July) ; Sacramento Co. (June), Tuolumne Co. (June, Ju147, Aug.) ; Mariposa Co. (June) ; Fresno Co. (June) ; T u l a r e Co. (June, July). NEVADA : Reno.
N e o h e r m e s a n g u s t i c o l l i s (Hagen)

Figures

10-1 3

Chauliodes angusticollis Hagen, 1861, Syn. Heur. N. ,4mer. : 191. MacLachlan, 1869, Ann. & M a g . Nat. Hist. 4 ( 4 ) : 40. Banks, 1892, T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc. 19: 357; 1907, T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc. 3 3 : 20. Davis, 1903, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 68 : 462. Neohermrs angusticollis ( H a g e n ) : Banks, 1908, Proc. Ent. Soc. W a s h . 1 0 : 29. Weele, 1910, Coil. Zool. Selys 5 ( 1 ) : 52.

T h i s species, as defined herein, is known only from Georgia. T h e r e are no types of this species in the Hagen collection at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, nor are any known to me elsewhere. Therefore I am taking the following action which preserves all names. T h e
OF PLATE 19 EXPLANATION

Neohermes filicornis (Bks.). Fig. 2, $ genitalia, lateral. Figs. 3 and 4, aedeagus and anal plate, dorsal. N. californieus ( W a l k . ) . Fig. 5, $ genitalia, lateral. Figs. 6 and 7, aedeagus and a n a l plate, dorsal. Fig. 8, 9 genitalia, lateral. N . filicornis (Bks.). Fig. 9, 9 genitalia, lateral. N, angusticollis ( H a g . ) . Fig. 10, 9 genitalia, lateral.

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type locality is restricted to the first mentioned state, Georgia, and a neotype is designated below. T h e three eastern species are closely related; indeed I am unable to find any differences between the females. T h e aedeagus of anglusticollis differs from that of the other species in its deeply and narrowly divided tip and the shallow basolateral excisions. Male genitalia -Anal plate tubular, slightly constricted at midlength; mesal surface of tip with short black setae. Aedeagus scooplike, tip divided by a deep, narrow, mesal slit; basolateral excision shallow, extending only about a fourth of the length of aedeagus. Female genitalia. -Anal plate with apex produced into a short point. Apex of gonapophysis lateralis with a short, dark appendage, above which is a semicircular excision and a short protuberence. Length of forewing. - M a l e ( 2 examples) 28 mm.; female (2 examples) 33 and 35 mm. Neotype, male. -Atlanta, Georgia, 6-11-39, P. W. Eattig. U S N M type No. 68040. Distribution-GEORGIA: Atlanta, 19 June 1946, P. W. Fattig, I c? I ? ; Emerson, 14 June 1940, P.W. Fattig, I?.

Neohermes matheri Flint, new species

Figures
I 7-19

T h e species is only known from a male and 2 females, all from Mississippi. T h e aedeagus of matheri is considerably thicker than that of the other species, the posterior margin is strongly upturned with the tip bifid and the halves divergent, and there is a strong lateral process. Male genitalia. -Anal plate, elongate, tubular, slightly constricted a t midlength; mesal face with short, black setae. Aedeagus not turned up basally, central ridge high; tip slightly divided, halves divergent; basolateral excision about a third the length of aedeagus, with lateral point strong and upturned. Female genitalia. - Inseparable from that of N. angusticollis. Length of forewing. - Male and female, each 29 mm. Holotype, male. - Clinton, Hinds Co., Mississippi, 12 June, 1960, collection of Bryant Mather, U S N M type No. 68041.
E X P L A N A T IFOPLATE O ~~ 20 X ~ o h e r m e s angusticollis ( H a g . ) . Fig. 11, $ genitalia, lateral. Figs. 12 and 13, aedeagus and anal plate, dorsal. N . concolor ( D a y . ) . Fig. 14, $ genitalia, lateral. Figs. 1 5 and 16, aedeagus and anal plate, dorsal. A'. matheri Flint. Fig. 17, $ genitalia, lateral. Fig. 18 and 19, aedeagus and anal plate, dorsal.

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Paratypes, female. - Hattiesburg, Forrest Co., 3Iississippi. 31 M a y 1964. R. & B. Taylor, 29.
N e o h e r m e s c o n c o l o r (Davis)

Figures 14-16
Chazdiodes concolor Davis, 1903, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 6 8 : 462. Banks, 1907. T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc. 3 8 : 21. hTeohermes concolor ( D a v i s ) : Weele, 1910, Coll. 2001.Selys 5 (1) : 53.

T h e r e are six syntypes of this species a t Cornell University and one at the museum of Comparative Zoology. All, however, are females, of which one in the Cornell Collection is designated lectotype. I n addition to these examples, I have studied specimens from N e w York, Massachusetts, Delaware, N e w Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Missouri, and Arkansas. T h e aedeagus of this species is rounded apically with a shallow, mesal excision, and the basolateral excisions are rather deep and wide. Male genitalia. -Anal plate tubular, scarcely constricted, but some variation in contours among examples; mesal face with short, black setae. Aedeagus scoop-like, slightly turned up basally; tip with a slight mesal excision, basolateral excision deep and about one-third length of aedeagus; central ridge well developed. Female genitalia. - Inseparable from that o i N. angusticollis. Length of forewing. - Male ( 13 exanlples) 26 to 32 mm., ave. 28.2 mm.; female (18 examples) 30 to 39 mm., ave. 35.4 mm. Lectotype, female (here designated). - "Cornell U. No. 815 sub." "Lectotype Cornell U. No. 4269" "Chauliodes concolor type" "Lectotype Chauliodes concolor Davis By Flint 1965". Distribution. - MASSACHUSETTS : Southbridge (July). SEW YORK : Wayne Co. (July) ; Ithaca (July, Aug.) ; Binghamton (July). DELAWARE : Porters ; Newark (July). NEW JERSEY : Middlesex Co. (July). PENNSYLVANIA : State College (July). MARYLAXD : Dorchester Co. (July) ; Montgomery Co. (July) ; Laurel (June). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA : Washington (June). VIRGINIA : Falls Church ( M a y , June, July) ; Elacksburg (June). NORTH CAROLINA : Durham (June). KENTUCKY: Llammoth Cave Nat. Pk. (June). M I S S O ~ R I Willard (June). ARKAXSAS : Imbo: den; H o t Springs Nat. Pk. (June).
LITERATURE CITED BANKS, NATHAN 1892. A synopsis, catalogue, a n d bibliography of the neuropteroid insects of temperate North America. T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc., 1 9 : 327-373.

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1903. Neuropteroid insects f r o m Arizona. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 5 : 237-245. 1907. Catalogue of the neuropteroid insects (except O d o n a t a ) of the United States. T r a n s . Amer. Ent. Soc., 3 3 : 53 pp. 1908. O n the classification of the Corydalinae, w i t h description of a new species. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 1 0 : 27-30. CAUDELL, N. A. 1933. Neohermes infuscatus, a n e w Sialid f r o m California. Pan-Pac. Ent., 9 : 125-126. CHANDLER, . 'P. H 1956. Megaloptera, i n Aquatic insects of California. Pages 229-233. Berkeley, California. DAVIS,K. C. 1903. Sialididae of North a n d South America. N. Y. State Mus. Bull. 6 8 : 442-487. HAGEN,H E R M A N 1861. Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America. Smiths. Misc. Coil.. 4: 1-347. KIMMINS,D. E: 1954. A new genus a n d some n e w species of the Chauliodini ( M e g a l o p t e r a ) . Bull. Brit. Mus., Ent. 3 : 417-444. M ~ L A C H L A N , - R. L. 1868. A revision of the "List of the specimens of the Neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. P a r t 1 , 1853. 1 By F. Walker1' as f a r as the end of the genus Myrmeleon, pp. 193-410. Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2001.9 : 258-281. 1869. Considerations on the neuropterous genus Chauliodes a n d its allies, with notes a n d descriptions. Ann. & M a g . Nat. Hist., 4 ( 4 ) : 35-46. MUNROE, G. E. 1951. T h e identity a n d generic position of Chauliodes disjunctus W a l k e r (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). C a n a d . Ent., 8 3 : 33-35. 1953. Chauliodes disjunctus W a l k e r : a correction, with descriptions of a new species a n d a n e w genus (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). C a n a d . Ent., 8 5 : 190-192. V A N DYKE, EDWIN C. 1944. A new dobsonfly ( M e g a l o p t e r a ) f r o m California. Pan-Pac. Ent., 2 0 : 110. WALKER, M . F. 1853. List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. P a r t 11: 193-475. W E E L E ,H . W . V A N DER 1909. S e w genera a n d species of Megaloptera Latr. Notes Leyden Mus., 3 0 : 249-264. 1910. Megaloptera, in Collections zoologiques d u B a r o n Edm. de Selys Longchamps. Fasc. 5 ( 1 ) :1-93. Bruxelles.

Bibliography of the Neuropterida

Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 2358 Reference Citation: Flint, O. S., jr. 1965 [1965.??.??]. The genus Neohermes (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). Psyche 72:255-263. Copyrights: Any/all applicable copyrights reside with, and are reserved by, the publisher(s), the author(s) and/or other entities as allowed by law. No copyrights belong to the Bibliography of the Neuropterida. Work made available through the Bibliography of the Neuropterida with permission(s) obtained, or with copyrights believed to be expired. Notes: Copyright Cambridge Entomological Club, Harvard University. File: File produced for the Bibliography of the Neuropterida (BotN) component of the Global Lacewing Digital Library (GLDL) Project, 2005.