TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR

THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR Operation

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
• Electrical arc
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
• Pressurized gas bubble
• Dynamic pressure peak propagation

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 4
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
• Electrical arc
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
• Pressurized gas bubble
• Dynamic pressure peak propagation

1 TP Activation
Quick oil evacuation generating
fast depressurization of the
tank (within milliseconds)

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 5
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
• Electrical arc
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
• Pressurized gas bubble
• Dynamic pressure peak propagation

1 TP Activation
Quick oil evacuation generating
fast depressurization of the
tank (within milliseconds)

• Explosive gases remain

• Melting parts of the windings are
still emitting gases

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 6
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
• Electrical arc
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
• Pressurized gas bubble
• Dynamic pressure peak propagation

1 TP Activation
Quick oil evacuation generating
fast depressurization of the
tank (within milliseconds)

• Explosive gases remain

• Melting parts of the windings are
still emitting gases

2 Injection of Inert Gas

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Evacuation of the explosive
gases until the melted parts
are cooled down (~ 45 min)

During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 7
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
• Electrical arc
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
• Pressurized gas bubble
• Dynamic pressure peak propagation

1 TP Activation
Quick oil evacuation generating
fast depressurization of the
tank (within milliseconds)

• Explosive gases remain

• Melting parts of the windings are
still emitting gases

2 Injection of Inert Gas

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Evacuation of the explosive
gases until the melted parts
are cooled down (~ 45 min)
Transformer safe and ready for repair
During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 8
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

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Click on picture to watch video
During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
TPhysical Explanations and Testing of the TP
HE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
Simulation tool – Presentation

✓ During the 62 tests performed, electrical arcs were always ignited inside closed
transformer tanks equipped with TP
The TP always saved transformers without permanent tank deformation

✓ What would happen without TP ? Explosion: too dangerous to test

✓ What would happen in other configurations ? Too costly to test

Using numerical simulations is an alternative

✓ SERGI TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR has developed its own simulation tool:
▪ Simulate gas and liquid

▪ Pressure propagation

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▪ Complex 3D geometries

▪ Leads to various scientific publications (2008 PowerGen Conference Best

Paper Award, IEEE, Cigre and ASME Conferences…)

During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
7.2 MJ Fault Simulations in 400 MVA Transformer
THE ONLY PRWithout TP NSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

without TP 1 ms Gas bubble under pressure

The first dynamic pressure peak

4 ms propagates

Reflects off the walls and

10 ms creates complex pressure waves

50 ms Static pressure builds up

Transformer 400 MVA

Static pressure stabilizes at 8

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Current (Peak) 2.0*103 A 100 ms bars atm
Voltage (Peak) 80.0*103 V
Frequency 50.0 hz
Duration 0.110 s
Total Energy 7.1986 MJ Transformer explodes
During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
7.2 MJ Fault Simulations in 400 MVA Transformer
Protected by TP

with TP 1 ms Gas bubble under pressure

The first dynamic pressure peak

4 ms propagates

The dynamic pressure peak

10 ms activates the TP

Rarefaction waves are spread

15 ms in the tank

without TP 3

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OBCB
DS 30 ms The tank depressurizes
4 Tank
Depressurization
Sets

The tank is fully

HDS

60 ms
depressurized
During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
7.2 MJ Fault Simulations in 400 MVA Transformer
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION Aby
Protected TPTRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE
GAINST

without TP with TP
AFTER 150 ms

Average Pressure in the tank is over Average Pressure in the tank is back

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8 bars atmospheric to normal, less than 1 bar
atmospheric

The tank explodes The tank is safe

During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
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 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR Benefits

Financial consequences due to transformer explosion and fire often reach hundreds
of USD millions.
Using the Protection Financial Benefit ratio often used by Corporate Risk Managers
and Insurers, the TP is strongly recommended and it compensates more than 1000
times the investment.

✓ Sharply reduces Plant Outages and associated high costs

✓ Prevents oil fire from spreading to the Transformer and its surrounding equipment
✓ Transformers have always been back to service after TP activation
✓ Prevents environmental pollution

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✓ Eliminates risk to human life
✓ Saves company reputation

During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
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Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 14
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

• The TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR (TP) is activated within milliseconds by the first dynamic
pressure peak of the shock wave, avoiding transformer tank rupture before static pressure
increases.

• Complies with the Fast Depressurization System Recommended by the National Fire
Protection Association (NFPA), code 850.

• Covered by a EUR 15 Million lifetime liability insurance, this coverage has been multiplied by
30 and never been used since the TP creation in 2000, proving the TP has never failed.

• Over 2,800 Installations with 24 activations under transformer operation, and always:
• Preventing transformer tank rupture;
• Transformers have been back in service after repair;
• Saving hundreds of millions of dollars to customers.

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Visit our website: http://www.sergi-tp.com

The TP is applicable for all Transformers, existing and new, from 0.1 to 1,000 MVA and
above for Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Industries.

During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
Doc Reference AtTPghc16-170417Fe dynamic pressure of the shock wave, avoiding transformer explosions before static pressure increase 15
 TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR
THE ONLY PROVEN SOLUTION AGAINST TRANSFORMER TANK RUPTURE

http://www.sergi-tp.com/

SERGI Transformer Protector (STP)

48, Avenue des Chataigniers, Taverny 95150, France

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During a transformer short circuit, the TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR is activated within milliseconds by the first
Copyright © STP 2017
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