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    Second Notes

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    edrianpana580

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    Second Notes

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    edrianpana580
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    SECOND-NOTES

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    Second Notes

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    edrianpana580

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Earth and Life Science

    Module 2 Lesson 1 Unifying Themes of Life

    What’s In
    In the past lesson, you learned that biology is the study of living things (the science of life).
    Living comes with an astounding variety of shapes and forms, and biologists study life in many
    different ways. Which led us to the question “What is life?” or “what makes something alive?”

    What’s New
    In this lesson, you will learn about the unifying themes of life. As we know, all known
    organisms shares certain general properties. To a large degree, these properties define what we
    meant by life. Identify the different unifying themes of life by re-arranging the letters below.

    All organisms share common characteristics that guide us in defining what we mean by life.
    The unifying themes of life on the other hand refers to all the basic ideas that apply to all organisms. It
    give us an idea of how each of these themes contributes to the connection and interaction of living
    organisms and their environment.

    Regulation and Homeostasis - One unique characteristic of living things is the ability to use energy
    and matter to ensure survival. Plants obtain energy from sunlight by means of photosynthesis while
    humans and animals released energy from food through cellular respiration. They are also capable of
    maintaining body’s internal environment through homeostasis.

    Energy Processing/ Acquisition and use of energy – (Metabolism) is the set of life-sustaining
    chemical processes that enables organisms transform the chemical energy stored in molecules into
    energy that can be used for cellular processes.

    Growth and Development - is the increase in size and volume by converting food to become a part
    of the body cells.
     Intussusception – growth from within the cells exhibited by living things.
     Accretion – growth by external addition of substances exhibited by nonliving things

    Response to the environment / Ability to respond to stimuli - Organisms change their behavior in
    response to changes in the surrounding environment. Responses occur in definite patterns and make
    up the behavior of an organism.

    Evolutionary adaptation/ evolution and adaptation - Certain responsive processes allow organisms
    to react to changes in their surroundings. These responses include movement (motility), irritability,
    individual adaptation, and evolution.
     Motility is movement of animals from one place to another (locomotion)
     Irritability is the ability of an organism to respond appropriately against a stimulus or external
    factors such as light, sound, temperature, pressure, food sources, or presence chemical
    substances.
     Adaptation is the ability of an organism to adjust to changes in the environment which happens
    more slowly than responding to stimulus. Ex. Camouflage

    Development and Reproduction - All living things undergo defined stages in their life cycle called
    development which starts with birth and ends in death. Living things have also ways of making sure

    0
    that their species survive through reproduction (sexual or asexual) which is a process by which
    genetic information is passed on from one generation to another. This way, the characteristics of
    parents are transmitted from parents to offspring (heredity).

    High degree of organization - Living things exhibit a high degree of organization from molecular to
    cellular level. For multicellular organisms such as plants and animals, the level of organization is more
    complex. Group of cells from tissues and different tissues form organs, organs comprise organ
    systems of an organism

    Diversity and Unity - The organism interacts with other organisms of the same kind known as
    population, while populations sharing their habitat compose a community. The communities exist in an
    environment affected by both living and nonliving components known as ecosystem.

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