汉林学院 – Mr.

Zhao
Chapter 4 Factoring Algebraic Expressions

Common Factors in Polynomials

Factoring is the opposite of expanding. Expanding involves multiplying, and factoring involves looking for values to multiply.

One way to factor an algebraic expression is to look for the greatest common factor(GCF) of the terms in the expression. For
example, 5𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 15 can be factored as 5(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3) since 5 is the greatest common factor of all the terms.

A common factor can have any number of terms. For example, a common factor of the terms in 9𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 is 3𝑥, which is a
monomial. A common factor of the terms in (3𝑥 − 2)2 − 4(3𝑥 − 2) is (3𝑥 − 2), which is a binomial.

Example
Factor
a) 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥
b) 10𝑎3 − 25𝑎2
c) 9𝑥 4 𝑦 4 + 12𝑥 3 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 2 𝑦 3
d) 5𝑥(𝑥 − 2) − 3(𝑥 − 2)
e) 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑦 − 5𝑥 + 5𝑦

Practice
1. Factor each expression
a) 𝑑𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑐𝑑 + 3𝑎2 𝑑
b) −10𝑎𝑐 2 − 15𝑎2 𝑐 − 5𝑎𝑐 3
c) 10𝑎𝑐 2 − 15𝑎2 𝑐 + 25
d) 2𝑎2 𝑐 4 − 4𝑎3 𝑐 3 + 6𝑎4 𝑐 2
e) 3𝑎5 𝑐 3 − 2𝑎𝑐 2 + 7𝑎𝑐
f) 10𝑐 3 𝑑 − 8𝑐𝑑 2 + 2𝑐𝑑
g) 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑦 + 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦
h) 10𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦
i) 3𝑚𝑥 + 3𝑚𝑦 + 2𝑥 + 2𝑦
j) 5𝑚𝑦 + 𝑡𝑚 + 5𝑛𝑦 + 𝑡𝑛
k) 5𝑤𝑥 − 10𝑤 − 3𝑡𝑥 + 6𝑡
l) 4𝑚𝑛𝑡 − 16𝑚𝑛 − 𝑡 + 4
m) 3𝑥(5𝑦 − 2) + 5(5𝑦 − 2)
n) 4𝑎(𝑏 + 6) − 3(𝑏 + 6)
o) 6𝑥𝑡 − 2𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑡 + 𝑦
p) 4𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑏𝑐
q) 20𝑥 2 − 4𝑥
r) 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 15
s) −2𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
t) 6𝑥(3 − 7𝑥) − 5(3 − 7𝑥)
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2. Factor the numerator in each expression, and then simplify the expression. Assume that no variable equals zero.
2𝑥 2 𝑦+3𝑥𝑦 2
a)
𝑥𝑦

6𝑥 3 𝑦+12𝑥 3 𝑦 2
b)
6𝑥 3 𝑦

−12𝑥 3 𝑦 2 −18𝑥 2 𝑦 3
c)
6𝑥 2 𝑦 2

3𝑥 4 +6𝑥 3 +9𝑥 2
d)
3𝑥 2

Factoring Quadratics: 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄

If a quadratic expression of the form 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 can be factored, it can be factored into two binomials, (𝑥 + 𝑟) and (𝑥 + 𝑠),
where 𝑟 + 𝑠 = 𝑏 and 𝑟 × 𝑠 = 𝑐, and 𝑟 and 𝑠 are integers.

To factor 𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 as (𝑥 + 𝑟)(𝑥 + 𝑠), you can use the signs in the trinomial to determine the signs in the factors.

Example
Factor
a) 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 72
b) 𝑎2 − 13𝑎 + 36
c) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
d) 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 35
e) 3𝑦 3 − 21𝑦 2 − 24𝑦

Practice
1. Factor each expression
a) 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 16
b) 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 40
c) 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 56
d) 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 14
e) 𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 32
f) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 42

2. Factor each expression

a) 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 15
b) 3𝑥 2 − 21𝑥 − 54
c) 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 55
d) 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 50
e) 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥
f) 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 26𝑥𝑦 + 84𝑥
g) – 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 30𝑥
h) 𝑥𝑦 3 + 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦
i) 7𝑥 4 + 28𝑥 3 − 147𝑥 2
j) 5𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 100
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k) 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 − 16𝑥

*3. Factor each expression

a) 𝑚2 + 4𝑚𝑛 − 5𝑛2
b) 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥𝑦 + 35𝑦 2
c) 𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 − 12𝑏 2
d) 𝑐 2 − 12𝑐𝑑 − 85𝑑 2
e) 𝑟 2 + 13𝑟𝑠 + 12𝑠 2
f) 18𝑝2 − 9𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2
g) 𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 2 − 27
h) 𝑎4 + 10𝑎2 + 9
i) (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 − 15(𝑎 − 𝑏) + 26
j) −4𝑚4 + 16𝑚2 𝑛2 + 20𝑛4

3. Factor each expression

𝑥 2 −6𝑥+8
a)
𝑥−4

𝑎2 −3𝑎−28
b)
𝑎+4

𝑥 2 +𝑥−30
c)
𝑥−5

2𝑥 2 −24𝑥+64
d)
2𝑥−16

4. Examine the relation 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12

a) Write the relation in factored form.
b) Determine the zeros.
c) Determine the coordinates of the vertex.
d) Sketch the relation

5. A baseball is thrown from the top of a building and falls to the ground below. The height of the baseball above the ground is
approximated by the relation ℎ = −5𝑡 2 + 10𝑡 + 20, where ℎis the height above the ground in meters and 𝑡is the elapsed time in
seconds. Determine the maximum height that is reached by the ball.

6. Deanna throws a rock from the top of a cliff into the air. The height of the rock above the base of the cliff is modelled by the
equation ℎ = −5𝑡 2 + 10𝑡 + 75, where ℎis the height of the rock in meters and 𝑡is the time in seconds.
a) How high is the cliff?
b) When does the rock reach its maximum height?
c) What is the rock's maximum height?

Factoring Quadratics: 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄

If the quadratic expression 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 (where 𝑎 ≠ 1) can be factored, then the factors can be found by Decomposition Method.

Strategies in decomposition

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1. Look for 𝑝 and 𝑞 such that 𝑝𝑞 = 𝑎𝑐 and 𝑝 + 𝑞 = 𝑏
2. Decompose 𝑏𝑥 as 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑥
3. Factor 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑐 instead of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, by grouping
4. Fully factor

Example
Factor
a) 3𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 + 6
b) 4𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 5
c) 12𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 12
d) 7𝑥 2 + 19𝑥 − 6

Practice
1. Factor each expression.
a) 6𝑥 2 + 34𝑥 − 12
b) 18𝑥 2 + 33𝑥 − 30
c) 48𝑥 2 − 160𝑥 + 100
d) 35𝑥 2 − 27𝑥 − 18
e) −7𝑎2 − 29𝑎 + 30
f) 24𝑥 2 + 35 − 62𝑥
g) 5𝑥 3 − 17𝑥 2 + 6𝑥
h) −6𝑥 − 51𝑥𝑦 + 27𝑥𝑦 2
i) −7𝑎2 − 29𝑎 + 30

2. Factor each expression.

a) 8𝑥 2 − 13𝑥𝑦 + 5𝑦 2
b) 5𝑥 2 − 17𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑦 2
c) −6𝑥 − 51𝑥𝑦 + 27𝑥𝑦 2
d) 𝑥 3 𝑦 3 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥𝑦
e) −12𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 35𝑦 2
f) 5𝑥 3 − 17𝑥 2 + 6𝑥
g) 6𝑛2 − 11𝑛𝑦 − 10𝑦 2
h) −4𝑚4 + 16𝑚2 𝑛2 + 20𝑛4

3. Factor each expression.

d) 16𝑥 4 + 64𝑥 2 + 39
e) 14𝑥 6 − 39𝑥 3 + 27

4. Factor
a) 6(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 + 11(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 3
b) 5(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 − 7(𝑥 − 𝑦) − 6
c) 8(𝑥 + 1)2 − 14(𝑥 + 1) + 3
d) 12(𝑥 − 2)4 + 52(𝑥 − 2)2 − 40

5. Erica and Asif sell newly designed digital watches. The profit on the watches they sell is determined by the relation 𝑃 = −2𝑛2 +
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120𝑛 − 1000, where 𝑛 is the number of watches sold and 𝑃 is the profit in dollars.
a) What are the break-even points for Erica and Asif?
b) What is the maximum profit that Erica and Asif can earn?

6. A rectangle has an area which can be expressed as 5𝑥 2 – 11𝑥 – 12.

a) Determine expressions that can represent the length and the width of the rectangle.
b) Write in simplest form an expression to represent the perimeter of the rectangle.

Factoring Quadratics: Special Cases

A polynomial of the form 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 or 𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 is a perfect-square trinomial. 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 can be factored as
(𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 ; 𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 can be factored as (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐

A polynomial of the form 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐 is a difference of squares and can be factored as (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂 − 𝒃).

A polynomial of the form 𝒂𝟑 − 𝒃𝟑 is a difference of cubes and can be factored as (𝒂 − 𝒃)(𝒂𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 ).

A polynomial of the form 𝒂𝟑 + 𝒃𝟑 is a sum of cubes and can be factored as (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 ).

Example
Factor
a) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 9
b) 25𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 16
c) 𝑥 2 − 1
d) 𝑥 2 − 64
e) 81𝑥 4 − 25𝑦 6
f) 27𝑥 3 + 125
g) 7𝑥 4 − 448𝑥

Practice
1. Factor each expression
a) 𝑥 2 − 25
b) 𝑦 2 − 81
c) 𝑎2 − 36
d) 4𝑐 2 − 49
e) 9𝑥 2 − 4
f) 25𝑑 2 − 144

2. Factor each expression

a) 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 25
b) 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16
c) 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
d) 4𝑥 2 − 44𝑥 + 121
e) 16𝑥 2 + 72𝑥 + 81
f) 25𝑥 2 − 30𝑥 + 9
g) 49𝑥 2 + 56𝑥 + 16
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h) 4𝑥 2 − 25
i) −50𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 − 8
j) 4𝑎2 − 256
k) 225 − 16𝑥 2
l) (𝑥 + 1)2 + 2(𝑥 + 1) + 1

3. Factor each expression

a) 𝑥 4 − 12𝑥 2 + 36
b) 𝑥 4 − 16
c) 49𝑥 2 − 100
d) 12𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 + 75
e) 𝑥 4 − 24𝑥 2 + 144
f) 289𝑥 6 − 81

4. Factor each expression

a) 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥𝑦 + 64𝑦 2
b) 4(𝑥 − 2)2 − 20(𝑥 − 2) + 25
c) 16𝑥 2 − 72𝑥𝑦 + 81𝑦 2
d) 1 − 9𝑥 2 𝑦 4
e) −18𝑥 2 + 24𝑥𝑦 − 8𝑦 2
f) 50𝑥 3 − 8𝑥𝑦 2

5. Factor each expression

a) 𝑥 2 − 𝑐 2 − 8𝑥 + 16
b) 4𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 − 6𝑎𝑏 − 9𝑏 2

6. Factor each expression using sum or difference of cubes

a) 𝑥 3 + 8
b) 𝑥 3 + 27
c) 8𝑥 3 + 1
d) 27𝑥 3 + 8
e) 𝑥 3 − 64
f) 𝑥 3 − 27
g) 8𝑥 3 − 125
h) 6𝑥 3 − 8

7. Factor each of the following expressions using either difference of cubes or sum of cubes.
a) 𝑣 3 + 1000
b) 343𝑐 3 − 729𝑑 3
c) 500𝑚5 𝑛 − 256𝑚2 𝑛4
d) 512𝑥 9 + 𝑦 9
27 216
e) 𝑎3 + 𝑏3
64 1331

f) 40𝑒 3 − 5(𝑒 + 𝑓)3

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6. a) Factor the expression 𝑥 6 − 𝑦 6 completely by treating it as a difference of squares.
b) Factor the same expression by treating it as a difference of cubes.

7. Determine a value of 𝑘 such that the trinomial 4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 25 is a perfect square.

8. Jim was asked to factor 𝑥 4 – 16. His answer is (𝑥 2 – 4) (𝑥 2 + 4). Is Jim’s answer factored fully? Explain why or not why.

Polynomial Factoring Strategy

1. Common Factor (Always in first step).
2. Count the number of terms.
a) Two Terms
i) Difference of squares: 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏)
ii) Sum of Squares: 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 – not factorable
iii) Difference of cubes: 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
iv) Sum of cubes: 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
b) Three Terms – If the problem has three terms, you will use factoring by decomposition.
c) Four Terms – If the problem has four terms, you want to check if there exists any perfect squares among any three terms. If not,
use the grouping technique.

Practice
1. Factor each expression.
a) 16𝑥 2 − 25
b) −6𝑏 2 𝑎 − 9𝑏 3 + 15𝑏 2
c) 𝑐 2 − 12𝑐 + 35
d) 49𝑑 2 + 14𝑑 + 1
e) 12𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 21
f) 2𝑤𝑧 + 6𝑤 − 5𝑧 − 15

2. Factor each expression.

a) 10𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 1
b) 144𝑎4 − 121
c) 24𝑎𝑐 − 8𝑐 + 21𝑎 − 7
d) 𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 18𝑥
e) 18𝑥 2 + 60𝑥 + 50
f) 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑦

3. Factor each expression.

a) 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 6
b) 14 − 5𝑥 − 𝑥 2
c) 𝑥 4 − 13𝑥 2 + 36
d) 8𝑥 2 − 5𝑥𝑦 2
e) 36 − 84𝑥 + 49𝑥 2
f) 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 25 − 16𝑦 2

4. Factor each expression.

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a) 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑡𝑦 + 𝑥𝑠 − 𝑡𝑠
b) −25𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2
c) 𝑥 4 − 13𝑥 2 + 36
d) 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 − 1
e) 2(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 + 5(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 3
f) 6𝑥 3 − 63𝑥 − 13𝑥 2
g) 7𝑥 2 − 26𝑥 − 8
h) 64𝑎4 − 25
i) 18𝑥𝑦 − 12𝑥 − 15𝑦 + 10
j) 4𝑥 2 𝑦 − 44𝑥𝑦 + 72𝑦
k) 20𝑥 2 + 61𝑥 + 45
l) 𝑥 4 − 13𝑥 2 + 40

5. Decide whether each polynomial has (𝑥 + 𝑦) as one of its factors.

a) 𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦
b) 𝑥 5 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑦 2
c) 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 6𝑦 − 9𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦
d) 𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 5𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑦

6. Factor
a) 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 5
b) 15 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2
c) 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2 − 32
d) 16𝑥 2 − 121𝑦 2
e) 9 − 30𝑥 + 25𝑥 2
f) 𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 + 64 − 25𝑦 4
g) 5𝑥 3 𝑦 6 − 15𝑥 2 𝑦 4 + 20𝑥 4 𝑦 5
h) 25𝑎2 − 49 𝑏 2
i) 21𝑎 – 3𝑥𝑎 + 21𝑏 – 3𝑥𝑏
j) 3(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 − 2(𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 + 𝑦)
k) 2𝑥 2 + 32𝑥 + 126
l) 6𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6
m) 6(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 + 11(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 3

*7. The expression 3𝑛2 − 11𝑛 + 𝑘 can be factored into two linear polynomials with integer coefficients. Determine the possible
values of k.

*8. Shelia wants to paint the front of a rectangular door. The front of the door has an area represented by the function 𝐴 = 2𝑛3 −
12𝑛2 + 3𝑛 − 18. Determine the expression for the measures of the length and width of the door.

*9. Factor each of the following fully.

a) 4𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 − 9𝑐 2 + 12𝑎𝑐
b) 𝑎(2 − 3𝑥) − 3𝑥 2 𝑎 + 2𝑥𝑎
c) 4(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 − 25(3𝑥 − 𝑦)2
d) 16𝑥 4 − 25𝑥 2 + 9

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*10. If 6𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 12 = (2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐), then determine 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐.

11. Factor
a) 21𝑤 3𝑥 3 𝑦 5 𝑧 5 + 28𝑤 2 𝑥 4 𝑦 4 𝑧 7
b) 𝑗𝑝𝑥 − 𝑗𝑝𝑦 − 𝑘𝑝𝑥 + 𝑘𝑝𝑦
c) 𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 32
d) 4𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 + 24
e) 5𝑥 2 + 22𝑥 − 48
f) 16𝑥 2 (𝑦 2 − 9) − (𝑦 2 − 9)
g) 3𝑥 2 + 31𝑥𝑦 + 46𝑦 2
h) 𝑥 2𝑝 − 𝑦 2𝑝
i) 𝑥 4 + 12𝑥 2 − 28
j) 6𝑥𝑦 − 15𝑥 − 8𝑦 + 20
k) (𝑥 2 − 13𝑥)2 − 900
l) 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 9
m) 𝑝2 (7𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 − 6) − 2𝑝(7𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 − 6) − 15(7𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 − 6)

12. Factor completely

a) 48𝑥 4 𝑦 3 𝑧 + 32𝑦 5 𝑧𝑥 3 − 16𝑥 2 𝑦 4 𝑧 2
b) 𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 18
c) 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 24
d) 6𝑥 2 − 31𝑥 + 5
e) 25𝑥 2 + 30𝑥𝑦 + 9𝑦 2
f) 12𝑦(𝑥 − 1)2 + 36𝑦 2 (𝑥 − 1)
g) 4𝑥 2 + 27𝑥 − 18
h) 4(𝑥 + 5)2 − 25𝑦 2
i) 3𝑥 2 − 8𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 12𝑥
j) 14𝑥 3 − 38𝑥 2 − 12𝑥
k) 𝑥 2 (9𝑥 2 − 49) − 3𝑥(9𝑥 2 − 49) − 40(9𝑥 2 − 49)
l) 𝑥 𝑎−1 + 𝑥 𝑎 + 𝑥 𝑎+1

13. Find the roots for the following equations

a) 𝑥 2 − 49 = 0
b) 2𝑥 3 + 11𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 = 0
c) (𝑥 + 1)2 = 13 − 𝑥 2

More Factor Practice

1. Common Factor
a) 2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 − 6𝑥
b) 2(𝑥 + 5) − 𝑦(𝑥 + 5)
c) 4𝑦 + 𝑚𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 𝑚𝑦
d) 36𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧 5 + 18𝑥 4 𝑦 5 𝑧 2 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧
e) −49𝑎5 𝑏 2 𝑐 7 − 14𝑎3 𝑏 3 𝑐 3 − 42𝑏 2 𝑐 4
f) 56𝑚𝑛3 𝑟 6 − 72𝑚2 𝑛4 𝑟 3 − 40𝑚𝑛5 𝑟 5

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g) 5𝑥(𝑥 − 8) − (𝑥 − 8)

2. Difference of Squares
a) (3𝑥 2 + 1)2 − (2𝑥 2 + 17)2
b) 16𝑥 4 − (4𝑥 + 1)2
c) 𝑥 4 − 81
d) (2𝑥 + 𝑦)2 − (𝑥 − 3𝑧)2
e) 25𝑥 2 − (𝑥 + 4)2
f) (𝑥 + 5)2 − (𝑥 + 3)2

3. Sum or Difference of Cubes

a) 𝑥 3 − 64
b) 𝑥 3 + 8
c) 64𝑥 3 − 125
d) 1000𝑥 3 + 729
c) (𝑥 + 5)3 − (2𝑥 + 1)3
e) 1331𝑥 3 − 1
f) 512 − 1331𝑥 3
1 8
g) 𝑥3 −
27 125

h) −432𝑥 5 − 128𝑥 2
i) (𝑥 − 3)3 + (3𝑥 − 2)3
1
j) 𝑥 9 − 512
512

1
k) 𝑥 3 −
27

1 1
l) 𝑥3 +
8 64

m) 512𝑥 3 − 64𝑦 3

4. Simple Trinomials
a) 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 15
b) 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 24
c) 2𝑥 2 − 22𝑥 + 56
d) 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 44
e) 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 35
f) −19𝑥 + 84 + 𝑥 2
g) 42 + 𝑥 2 − 17𝑥

5. Complex Trinomials
a) 2𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 15
b) 12𝑥 2 + 28𝑥 − 5
c) 6𝑥 2 + 23𝑥𝑦 + 20𝑦 2
d) 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑦 − 10𝑦 2
e) 6𝑥 2 − 26𝑥 + 28

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f) 12𝑥 2 + 56𝑥 + 9
g) 7𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 − 15
h) −3𝑥 2 + 18𝑥 + 32
i) −7𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 9

6. Factor 4 terms
a) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 − 8𝑎𝑐 + 16𝑐 2
b) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 + 9 + 6𝑎
c) 𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 2 + 12
d) (𝑥 + 2)2 − 5(𝑥 + 2) − 14

7. Combination of Difference of Squares and Perfect Squares

a) 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 + 16𝑥 + 64
b) 25𝑧 2 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 + 20𝑦𝑧
c) 36 + 𝑥 2 − (𝑥 − 2)2 − 12𝑥
d) −9𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 + 4

8. All together
a) 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 27
b) 4𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 + 25
c) 25𝑥 2 − 49
d) 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2
e) 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 28
f) 9𝑥 2 − 42𝑥 + 49
g) 36𝑥 2 − 25
h) 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 15
i) 4𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 2𝑥
j) 3𝑥 3 𝑦 2 − 9𝑥 2 𝑦 4 + 3𝑥𝑦 3
k) 4𝑎(𝑎 + 1) − 3(𝑎 + 1)
l) 7𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1) − 𝑥(𝑥 + 1) − 6(𝑥 + 1)
m) 5𝑥(2 − 𝑥) + 4𝑥(2𝑥 − 5) − (3𝑥 − 4)
n) 4𝑡(𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 + 2) − 2𝑡(3𝑡 2 − 6𝑡 + 17)
o) 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 14
p) 2𝑦 2 + 5𝑦 − 7
q) 6𝑚2 − 90𝑚 + 324
r) 16𝑥 2 + 76𝑥 + 90
s) 𝑥 8 − 1
t) 9(𝑦 − 𝑎)2 − 25
u) 3𝑥 2 − 27(2 − 𝑥)2
v) 2𝑚2 + 10𝑚 + 10𝑛 − 2𝑛2
w) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 + 25 + 10𝑎
x) 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
y) 12𝑚3 − 14𝑚2 − 30𝑚 + 35
z) 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4

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