NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

PUSH – ONE INTERVENTION PROGRAM

MATHEMATICS

GRADE 12

LAST PUSH

2022

DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
OPTIMISATION MEMORANDUM

THULANI MJIKWA mjikwat@mathsandscienceinfinity.org.za +2774 772 9926

Activity 1
No. Solutions Marks
1.1 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ (2)

200 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ

200
ℎ=
𝜋𝑟 2

1.2 𝑆(𝑟) = 𝜋𝑟 2 + (2𝜋𝑟 × ℎ) (2)

200
𝑆(𝑟) = 𝜋𝑟 2 + (2𝜋𝑟 × )
𝜋𝑟 2

400
𝑆(𝑟) = 𝜋𝑟 2 +
𝑟

1.3 𝑆(𝑟) = 𝜋𝑟 2 + 400𝑟 −1 (5)

𝑆 ′(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 − 400𝑟 −2

400
0 = 2𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2

0 = 2𝜋𝑟 3 − 400

0 = 𝜋𝑟 3 − 200

3 200
𝑟=√
𝜋

𝑟 = 3,99 units
[9]
Activity 2
No. Solutions Marks
2.1 𝐴𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑥) = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 (𝑥) − 𝐴𝑏𝑖𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 (𝑥) − 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 (𝑥) (5)

𝐴(𝑥) = (𝑙 × 𝑏) − 𝜋𝑟 2 − 𝜋𝑟 2

2
4 2
𝐴(𝑥) = (4𝑥 × 2) − 𝜋(2𝑥) − 𝜋 ( 𝑥)
3

16 2
𝐴(𝑥) = 8𝑥 − 4𝜋𝑥 2 − 𝑥
9
52𝜋 2
𝐴(𝑥) = 8𝑥 − 𝑥
9

2.2 52𝜋 2 (3)

𝐴(𝑥) = − 𝑥 + 8𝑥
9
104𝜋
𝐴′ (𝑥) = − 𝑥+8
9
104𝜋
0=− 𝑥+8
9

104𝜋𝑥 = 72

9
𝑥=
13𝜋

Or

𝑥 = 0,22 m
2.3 (2)
52𝜋 2
Area of circles = 𝑥
9

52𝜋
Area of circles = (0,22)2
9

Area of circles = 0,88 m2

[10]
Activity 3
No. Solutions Marks
3 2
3.1 𝑠(𝑡) = 5𝑡 − 65𝑡 + 200𝑡 + 100 (2)

𝑠(0) = 5(0)3 − 65(0)2 + 200(0) + 100

𝑠(0) = 100 m

3.2 𝑠(𝑡) = 5𝑡 3 − 65𝑡 2 + 200𝑡 + 100 (3)

𝑠 ′ (𝑡) = 15𝑡 2 − 130𝑡 + 200

𝑠 ′ (4) = 15(4)2 − 130(4) + 200

𝑠 ′ (4) = −80 metres per minute

3.3 The height of the car above the sea level decreasing at 90 metres per minute (2)
and the car is traveling downwards, that is why the rate of change is
negative.

3.4 𝑠 ′ (𝑡) = 15𝑡 2 − 130𝑡 + 200 (3)

𝑠 ′′ (𝑡) = 30𝑡 − 130

30𝑡 = 130

𝑡 = 4,33 minutes
[10]
Activity 4
No. Solutions Marks
4.1 4−𝑥 (1)
𝑠=
4

4.2 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 2𝜋𝑟 (4)

𝑥 = 2𝜋𝑟
𝑥
𝑟=
2𝜋

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 + 𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝑠 2

𝑥 2 4−𝑥 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜋 ( ) +( )
2𝜋 4

𝑥2 16 8𝑥 𝑥 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜋 ( 2 ) + − +
4𝜋 16 16 16

𝑥 2 𝑥 2 8𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = + − +1
16 4𝜋 16
1 1 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = ( + ) 𝑥2 − + 1
16 4𝜋 2

4.3 1 1 1 (3)
𝑓′(𝑥) = 2 ( + )𝑥 −
16 4𝜋 2

1 1 1
0 = 2( + )𝑥 −
16 4𝜋 2

1 1 1
0 = ( + )𝑥 −
16 4𝜋 4
1 1 1
( + )𝑥 =
16 4𝜋 4

1 1 1
𝑥= ÷( + )
4 16 4𝜋

𝑥 = 1,76 m
[8]
Activity 5
No. Solutions Marks
𝑥 (7)
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 =
4

𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒:

𝑥
2𝑙 + 𝑥 + =6
4
24 − 5𝑥
𝑙=
8

𝑥 2 𝑥 24 − 5𝑥
𝐴(𝑥) = ( ) + ( ) ( )
4 4 8

𝑥 2 24𝑥 − 5𝑥 2
𝐴(𝑥) = +
16 32
𝑥2 5 24
𝐴(𝑥) = − 𝑥2 + 𝑥
16 32 32
3 2 3
𝐴(𝑥) = − 𝑥 + 𝑥
32 4
3 3
𝐴′ (𝑥) = − 𝑥+
16 4
3 3
− 𝑥=−
16 4

𝑥=4
[7]
Activity 6
No. Solutions Marks
6.1 𝑉(0) = 100 − 4(0) (1)

𝑉(0) = 100𝑙

6.2 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 5 − 𝑘 𝑙. min−1 (3)

𝑉 ′ (𝑡) = −4 𝑙. min−1

6.3 5 − 𝑘 = −4 (2)

𝑘 = 9 𝑙. min−1
[6]

Activity 7
No. Solutions Marks
7.1 𝑆 ′ (𝑡) = 4𝑡 − 18 (3)

𝑆 ′ (0) = 4(0) − 18

𝑆 ′ (0) = −18 m. s −1
7.2 𝑆 ′ (𝑡) = 4𝑡 − 18 (1)

𝑆 ′′ (𝑡) = 4 m. s −2

7.3 𝑆 ′ (𝑡) = 4𝑡 − 18 (2)

4𝑡 − 18 = 0

𝑡 = 4,5 s
[6]
Activity 8
No. Solutions Marks
8.1 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ (3)

10 000 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ

10 000
ℎ=
𝜋𝑟 2

8.2 𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟 × ℎ (2)

10 000
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟 ×
𝜋𝑟 2
20 000
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 +
𝑟

8.3 (4)
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 20 000𝑟 −1

𝐴′(𝑟) = 4𝜋𝑟 − 20 000𝑟 −2

20 000
0 = 4𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2

0 = 4𝜋𝑟 3 − 20 000

0 = 𝜋𝑟 3 − 5 000

3 5 000
𝑟=√
𝜋

𝑟 = 11,68 cm

10 000
ℎ=
𝜋(11,68)2

ℎ = 23,34 cm
[9]
Activity 9
No. Solutions Marks
9.1 𝑉 = 𝑙 × 𝑏 × ℎ (3)

9 = 3𝑥 × 𝑥 × ℎ

3
ℎ=
𝑥2

9.2 𝐶(𝑥) = 𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 + 𝐶𝑇𝑜𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 (3)

3 3
𝐶(𝑥) = 50 [2 (𝑥 × 2
) + 2 (3𝑥 × 2 )] + 100[2(3𝑥 × 𝑥)]
𝑥 𝑥

6 18
𝐶(𝑥) = 50 ( + ) + 100(6𝑥 2 )
𝑥 𝑥

1 200
𝐶(𝑥) = + 600𝑥 2
𝑥

9.3 𝐶(𝑥) = 600𝑥 2 + 1 200𝑥 −1 (4)

1 200
𝐶 ′ (𝑥) = 1 200𝑥 −
𝑥2

0 = 1 200𝑥 3 − 1 200

𝑥3 − 1 = 0

𝑥=1m
[10]
Activity 10
No. Solutions Marks
10.1 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ (1)
6 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
6
ℎ= 2
𝜋𝑟

10.2 𝑆(𝑟) = 10(2𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟ℎ) + 10(4𝜋𝑟) (4)

6
𝑆(𝑟) = 10 (2𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟 × ) + 10(4𝜋𝑟)
𝜋𝑟 2

120
𝑆(𝑟) = 60𝜋𝑟 2 +
𝑟

10.3 𝑆(𝑟) = 60𝜋𝑟 2 + 120𝑟 −1 (4)

𝑆 ′ (𝑟) = 60𝜋𝑟 − 120𝑟 −2

120
𝑆(𝑟) = 60𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2
3
0 = 120𝜋𝑥 − 120

0 = 𝜋𝑥 3 − 1

3 1
𝑥=√
𝜋

𝑥 = 0,68 cm
[9]
Activity 11
No. Solutions Marks
11.1 ℎ (2)
tan 60° =
𝑟
ℎ
𝑟=
√3

11.2 1 (5)
𝑉(ℎ) = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
3

1 ℎ 2
𝑉(ℎ) = 𝜋 ( ) ℎ
3 √3

1
𝑉(ℎ) = 𝜋ℎ3
9
1 2
𝑉′(ℎ) = 𝜋ℎ
3
1
𝑉′(ℎ) = 𝜋(9)2
3

𝑉 ′(ℎ) = 84,82 cm3

[7]
Activity 12
No. Solutions Marks
12.1 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ (2)

340 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ

340
ℎ=
𝜋𝑟 2

12.2 𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟ℎ (2)

340
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟 ( 2 )
𝜋𝑟

𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 680𝑟 −1

12.3 𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 680𝑟 −1 (4)

𝐴′ (𝑟) = 4𝜋𝑟 − 680𝑟 −2

680
𝐴′ (𝑟) = 4𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2

0 = 4𝜋𝑟 3 − 680

680
𝑟3 =
4𝜋

3 680
𝑟=√
4𝜋

𝑟 = 3,78 cm

[8]