MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Important Instructions to examiners: XXXXX
1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer
scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to assess the
understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more Importance. (Not
applicable for subject English and Communication Skills).
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the figure. The
figures drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give credit for any equivalent
figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant values may vary
and there may be some difference in the candidate’s answers and model answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgement on part of examiner of relevant answer based on
candidate’s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on equivalent concept.
8) As per the policy decision of Maharashtra State Government, teaching in English/Marathi and Bilingual
(English + Marathi) medium is introduced at first year of AICTE diploma Programme from academic year
2021-2022. Hence if the students write answers in Marathi or bilingual language (English +Marathi), the
Examiner shall consider the same and assess the answer based on matching of concepts with model answer.
Q. Sub Q. Answer Marking
N. N. Scheme
1 Attempt any FIVE of the following: 10 Marks
a) List any two designed consumers as per Energy Conservation Act. 1 mark
1. Industries for each
2. Commercial Buildings (2
3. Government Institutions marks)
4. Transport Sector
5. Municipalities and Local Bodies
b) Write any four energy conservation techniques in transformer. ½
1. High-Efficiency Core Materials mark for
2. Efficient Winding Design each
3. Proper Cooling Systems (2
4. Reduced No-Load Losses marks)
5. Load Management
6. On-Load Tap Changers
7. Regular Maintenance and Monitoring
8. Energy-Efficient Transformers
c) What is technical loss in electrical installation system 1 mark
Technical losses are the losses that occur within the distribution network due to the for each
cable, overhead lines, transformers and other substation equipment that we use to (2
transfer electricity. Marks)
d) What is need of energy conservation in lighting system? 1 mark

Page 1 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ans:- XXXXX for each
1. Lighting must be energy efficient and use of more illumination from less power (2
2. Intensity of light control by various control technologies such as GPRS or GSM marks)
3. Replacement of traditional lamp by energy efficient lamp like CFL lamps and LED
lamps.
4. Energy consumption can be reduced by using electronic ballast in stead of
electromagnetic ballast.
5. Energy can be conserve by using energy efficient luminaries in lighting system.
e) Define i) Co-generation ii) Tariff 1 mark
i) Co-generation: for each
Defination:- (2
Co-generation is a process where electricity and useful heat are simultaneously Marks)
produced from the same energy source.
ii) Tariff:-
Defination:-
The rate at which electrical energy is supplied to a consumer is known as tariff.
f) Define Energy Audit as per Energy Conservation Act. (2
Defination:- marks)
An energy audit is an inspection and analysis of energy flows in a building with the
objective of understanding the energy efficiency home or building being audited.
g) List any four energy conservation equipment’s. ½ mark
1. Electronic ballast for each
2. Dimmer stat (2
3. PIR and ultrasonic based controls marks)
4. Autotransformer
5. Tap changing transformer
6. Soft starter
7. APFC
8. Reactive power compensating equipments
9. VAR controller
2 Attempt any THREE of the following: 12 Marks
a) Why star labeling of equipment is required? Also state its benefits. 1 mark
Star labeling of equipment is required to provide consumers with information about
the energy efficiency of a particular product.
The benefits of star labeling of equipment are as follows:
1. Star labeling raises awareness among consumers about the energy
efficiency of various products.
2. It helps consumers make informed decisions by considering the energy
performance of the equipment before purchasing.
3. This promotes a culture of energy conservation and encourages consumers
to choose energy-efficient options.
4. The star labeling system enables easy comparison of different models and
brands of equipment. Consumers can quickly identify and compare the
Page 2 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
energy efficiency ratings of similar products, XXXXX
5. It help them select the most energy-efficient and cost-effective option. This
empowers consumers to choose equipment that will result in long-term
energy savings and lower operating costs. 3 marks
6. Energy-efficient equipment, as indicated by higher star ratings, generally (4
consumes less energy. marks)
7. By selecting energy-efficient models, consumers can reduce their energy
bills over time.
8. The cost savings realized through lower energy consumption can offset the
potentially higher upfront cost of energy-efficient equipment.
9. Energy-efficient equipment reduces the overall energy demand, which has a
positive environmental impact sustainability.
b) State any four methods for energy conservation techniques in Induction motor.
There are several methods and techniques for energy conservation in induction motors.
Here are some commonly used methods: 1 mark
1. Use of Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) for each
2. Efficient Motor Sizing (4
3. Motor Rewinding and Maintenance marks)
4. Power Factor Correction.
5. Energy-Efficient Motor Design.
6. Load Optimization and Control
7. Motor Shutdown or Standby Mode
c) Draw block diagram/SLD for APFC & write its working principle.

(4
marks)

d) Differentiate between topping cycle and bottoming cycle.

TOPPING CYCLE CHP 2 mark

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
XXXXX for
Topping cycle CHP is the process of using fuel to generate mechanical energy which each
is used to create electricity using a generator. The resulting waste heat is captured (4
from this process to heat water for use as hot water or steam throughout the marks)
facility.

BOTTOMING CYCLE CHP

Bottoming Cycle CHP, sometimes called Waste Heat to Power (WHP), is where fuel
is combusted to produce useful heat to carry out an industrial process of some sort.
Some of the waste heat from this process is recovered via a heat exchanger,
producing thermal energy which is used to power a turbine generator to produce
electricity.

Any four equivalent difference

3 Attempt any THREE of the following : 12 Marks
a State any four advantages of energy audit. 1 mark
Maintenance cost can be reduced for each
1. It promote saving in other charges like water charge (4
2. The audit identify opportunities and provide financial analyse
marks)
3. It help to understand where energy used and which area worth focusing on the
most.
4. It provide benchmark information to understand the energy use performance
compared to other in similar area.
5. Protect the environment by reducing power generation
6. Reduce running costs
7. Making changes to produce equipment and system to save energy
8. Identify and minimize wastage.
9. It help to reduce expenditure on energy

Page 4 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
b State and explain how to achieve energy conservation in lighting system by XXXXX
1) Energy Efficient Luminaries
2) Using Light Control Gears
1) Energy Efficient Luminaries:-
1. A luminaire is an electrical device that contains a light source and is used to provide
artificial lighting in a specific area or space.
2. It save the energy by distribute light uniformly through out the area.
3. It also save the energy by providing necessary level of illumination in a given area.
4. It save the energy by providing artificial light in a specific area.
5. The use of energy efficient luminaires can help reduce energy consumption and 2 marks
operating cost.

2) Light Control Gears:-

1. We must provide greater flexibility in lighting control for group of lighting system
2. To get this there must be installation of microprocessor control dimming or
switching circuit.
3. Advance lighting control system uses movement of detectors or lighting sensors to 2 marks
feed signal to the controllers
4. By using exclusive transformer, we can reduce voltage related problems. Which will
increase the efficiency of lighting system.
5. To get this we have to install the high frequency ballast in the place of conventional
ballast which save energy up to 35%.
c What are the different types of tariff structures? State how TOD and ABT is applied
to consumers.
2 marks
1. Simple Tariff
2. Flat rate Tariff
3. Block rate Tariff
4. Two part Tariff
5. Three part Tariff
6. Maximum Demand Tariff 1 mark
7. Power factor Tariff
8. TOD Tariff
9. ABT Tariff

TOD Tariff:- 1 mark

1. TOD tariff encourage to draw more power during off peak hours
2. They provide incentive to shift consumption from peak to off peak period
3. Energy meter will record peak and non peak Consumption separately by time
control
4. Tod provide opportunity to consumer for reducing billing.

ABT tariff:-

1. ABT tariff provided pricing mechanism for short term energy transactions without
the need for negotiations on price or quantum in real time.
2. ABT allows operators to offer dynamic pricing.
Page 5 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fares can change based on the time of day level of demand. XXXXX
4. This can encourage riders to travel during off-peak hours, which can reduce
congestion and improve efficiency of public transportation
d Write the roles of following agencies
1) B.E.E 2) M.E.D.A.

B.E.E.:-

1. A national level organisation constituted by the government of the India to

promote dissiminate energy efficient measures in all sector including industrial
and all area where energy being used. 2 marks
2. It achieve this by providing training providing feasibility for implementation to for any
achieve major saving in energy consumption without affecting a quality output four
3. B.E.E. (Bureau of Energy Efficiency) role is to observe the proper implementation points
of energy conservation act 2001 provision.
4. Reduce the energy intensity of the Indian economy
5. Research and policy
6. Renewable energy study in school education.
7. Encourage the research and development.

M.E.D.A.:- 2 marks
for any
1. MEDA(Maharashtra Energy Development Agency) work under the ministry of non-
four
renewable energy, government of India.
2. It provide assistance to state and central government to promote and develop new points
and renewable source of energy and technologies to promote implementation of
energy conservation act.
3. Concentrate on renewable energy development at the state level.
4. It establishes demonstration projects in order to develop confidence in new
investers.
5. MEDA circulate information and awareness in public.
6. Create suitable policies to improve feasibility in renewable projects with large scale
private investment.
4 Attempt any THREE of the following: 12 Marks

Page 6 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
a Difference between Primary and Secondary Energy sources XXXXX
Primary energy sources Secondary any sources 1 mark
1) Primary energy sources 1) Energy sources derived from for each
contained raw fuels primary.
(Any
2) Primary energy sources 2) Secondary energy sources are
are least clean renewable four)
3) The primary energy consumption 3) Secondary is the sum of the
includes consumption and conversion consumption in industry, transport,
losses building.
4) Example:-Crude oil, Hard coal, 4) Example:- Petroleum Products,
Natural Gas Manufactured solid fuels and Gases.
OR
Any four equivalent difference

b Why periodical maintenance is necessary in transformer? How does it result in

energy conservation?
Importance of periodic maintenance:-
It’s well know that electrical equipment deteriorates with age and use, and is also subject 3 marks
to potential fault and contaminates.
By carrying out an annual transformer inspection it will be easy to diagnose fault
such as loose connection on low voltage equipment, or air bubbles and oil aging on HV
equipment.
The need for transformer testing is to check the functioning of the transformer and
to decrease the chance of failure.
Periodic Maintenance achieve following milestones 1 mark
 Lower risk of breakdown
 Increase efficiency
 Promote health and safety
 Boost customer satisfaction
 Save money

Energy conservation in transformer:-

Inadequate maintenance can increase energy consumption via lower compression
efficiency, air leakage, or pressure variability.
It also can lead to high operating temperatures, poor moisture control, excessive
contamination, and unsafe working environments.
By avoiding all those things with periodic maintenance we can conserve the energy.
c What is soft starter? State its need and benefits.
A soft starter is a solid- state device that protect AC electric motors 2 marks
from damage caused by sudden influxes of power by limiting
the large initial inrush of current associated with motor startup.
Need of soft starter:
1. It is used with motors to reduce the inrush current and torque 1 mark

Page 7 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. It control the use of electrical power to equipment XXXXX (any two)
3. It can also stop, reverse, accelerate and protect them
4. It protect electric motors from damage caused by sudden influxes power.
Benefits of soft starer:-
1. A soft starter help to limit transient voltage
2. It protecting against sudden surges of power and outage of power.
3. It reduces risk to personnel and limit personal harm 1 mark
4. It prevent the motor from getting overheated, contributes smooth
(any two)
acceleration, extends the life of machine
d Classify co-generation system? Draw the diagram for bottoming cyc
Classification:-

2 marks

Bottoming Cycle:-

2 marks

OR EQUIVALENT BLOCK DIAGRAM

e) What is payback period? Calculate the payback period if investment is Rs.
2,00000 and saving is Rs. 50000 per month
Given data
Investment> Rs. 2,00000-/-
Saving per month> Rs. 50000-/- 1 mark
Page 8 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Formula XXXXX
Payback period = Initial investment
--------------------------
Saving

= Rs. 2,00000 1 mark

--------------------- = 4 Month
Rs. 50,000

Answer :- Payback period is 4 month

2 marks
5 Attempt any TWO of the following: 12Marks
a Compare Conventional Induction motor with Energy efficient motor on following
point:
1. Efficiency
2. Cost
3. Vibrations
4. Heat Dissipation
5. Losses,
6. Energy conservation.
Sr. 1 mark
Parameter Conventional Induction Motor Energy Efficient Motor
No. for each
1 Efficiency Less More (6
2 Cost Less More cost as Compared marks)
to Conventional Motor
3 Vibration More Less
4 Heat Dissipations More Less
5 Losses More Less
6 Energy Conservation Less More
b List any three energy conservation equipment’s in transmission and distribution
system. Describe the role of any one equipment in transmission and distribution
from energy conservation point of view.
Ans:
Energy conservation equipment’s in transmission and distribution system such as, 2 marks
1) Automatic power factor controller for list of
2) Maximum demand controller equipme
3) kVAR Controller nts
4) Microprocessor based centralized control equipment.
1) Role of Automatic power factor controller in transmission and distribution
from energy conservation point of view.

Page 9 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
XXXXX

4 marks
for
explanati
on of any
one
equipme
nt
Fig. Automatic power factor controller (6
Marks)
⮚ The pf controller is used to maintain the pf at unity across the lines it is
connected.
⮚ Maintaining the pf at unity leads to reduction in the current through the lines
as real power = apparent power x pf.
⮚ The apparent power decides the MD for which the consumer is billed.
⮚ For a certain motor the current in the lines will depend on its pf which is
lagging. For higher pf near unity maintained at the motor terminals the line
currents are minimized leading to lower MD and hence saving in MD charges.
⮚ If PF is above reference value then microprocessor will not take any action,
but when PF falls below reference value then it will send signal to relay and
relay will connect respective capacitive bank across the load.
OR
Check the type of capacitor installed is suitable for application or the capacitors are de
rated.
⮚ Check if the capacitors are permanently ‘ON’. The Capacitor are not switched off
⮚ When the load is not working, under such condition the average power
factor is found to be lower side.
⮚ Check whether all the capacitors are operated in APFC depending upon
the load operation.
⮚ Check whether the APFC installed in the installation is working or not. Check
the CT connection is taken from the main incomer side of transformer, after the
fix compensation of transformer.
⮚ Check if the load demand in the system is increased.
⮚ Check if power transformer compensation is provided.
OR
Page 10 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
2) Maximum Demand Controller for Distribution System: XXXXX
⮚ High Tension (HT) users have to pay a maximum demand charge in addition to
the usual charge for the number of units consumed.
⮚ This charge is usually based on the highest amount of energy demand used
during billing period during the metering month.
⮚ The maximum demand charges are often represents a large portion of the total
bill. Considerable saving can be realized by controlling maximum demand used
and turning off or reducing non- essential loads during periods of high power
use.
⮚ Maximum demand controller is a device designed to meet the need of industries
conscious of the value of load management.
⮚ Alarm is sounded when demand approaches a preset value. If corrective action is
not taken a controller switches off non-essential load.
OR
3) KVAR Controller for Distribution System:
⮚ The power factor controller is used to maintain the system power factor at unity
using capacitor banks across the line.
⮚ It is controlled through microcontroller and contactor arrangement. Power
factor of load is sensed and capacitors are connected /disconnected on the basis
of KVAR demand.
⮚ Maintaining the p.f. at unity leads to reduction in the current through the lines
as Real power = apparent power x pf.
⮚ The apparent power decides the MD for which the consumer is billed. The supply
main terminals are connected to input of kVAR controller panel.
⮚ Power factor is sensed by the CT & PT. As per the requirement the capacitor
banks are operated to achieve the required power factor by microprocessor
based relay automatically.
OR Equivalent Answers
c What is Sankey diagram ? State its two significance & Draw Sankey diagram for
Induction motor.
A Sankey diagram is a graphic illustration of flows - like energy, material or money -
where they can be combined, split and traced through a series of events or stages. It is 2 marks
also known as energy flow diagram.
Significance
⮚ Sankey diagrams are a specific type of flow diagram used for visualization of
material, cost or energy flows. 2 marks
⮚ used to show energy and energy transformation visually and quantitatively. for
⮚ used to represent energy inputs, useful output, material flows, cost breakdowns significa
and wasted output, etc. nce,
Sankey diagram for Induction motor.

2 marks

Page 11 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
XXXXX for
diagram
(6
marks)

OR

6 Attempt any TWO of the following: 12 Marks

a State the difference between "Walk through Audit" and "Detailed audit". Write
Stepwise procedure for detailed audit.

S
r.
Walk Through Audit Detailed Audit
N
o.
1 It is also called as the preliminary It is also called as general audit or
audit or screening audit or simple site energy audit.
audit
2 It is simplest, quickest and least It is nothing but expansion of the
expensive way. simple audit or more time consuming.
3 There are two resources: In this method collect the 1 marks
i) Operation and maintenance staff information of system operation, but for each
collects the data. in more detailed form as compared (3
ii) Serving utility provides to simple audit. marks)
this information.
Page 12 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
4 Basic information of the XXXXX
Auditor collects utility bills of an year
energy system in the premises is to find out tariff structure, usage
collect as well. profile etc.
5 Only main issues are covered in walk This type of audit focus all the
through procedure. most suitable energy
conservation measuresfor the
system.
Stepwise procedure for detailed audit.
A) Start up meeting: Procedure starts with startup meeting. Then it continue until
implementation of energy saving measures.
B) Analysis of energy used: Identify where energy used & it shows on which
area should be concentrate.
C) Collecting basic data: At site load, some of the following 3 marks
important points: 1.Operating hours 2.Duty cycle 3.Actual for
power consume stepwise
procedur
D) Observation of actual field: After collecting data, we start actual field work. It e
means we have find out process where energy saving can be done. Always apply (6
the 80 by 20 rule. marks)

E) Cost benefit analysis of the data: This Analysis is in the terms of cost of
carrying out that project v/s the benefit that can be earned.
F) Reporting: We have to submit the detail report. Then we have to take
sanction of that report from final Authority.
G) Action plan: In this all the measure steps must be included in the action
plan for the proper implementation

Page 13 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
XXXXX

b List different commercial losses in transmission and distribution system. State its
causes and remedies.
Different commercial losses in transmission and distribution system;
1) Make unauthorized extension of loads. ( Direct Hooking)
2) Errors in meter reading & recording (faulty meter). 2 mark
3) By passing the meter. ( unmetered supply & unmetered bills) for any
4) Improper testing & calibration of meters. four
5) Stopping the meters by remote control. losses
6) Changing the sequence of thermal wiring.
7) Changing the C.T. ratio.
8) Intentional burning of meters.
9) Billing issues
10) Lower collection efficiency.
OR
1) Power theft (Direct hooking)
2) Unmetered supply
3) Meter in accuracies
4) Meter discrepancies
5) Small unmetered loads
6) Billing issues
7) Lower collection efficiency
Causes
❖ Result of human factors.
❖ Result of wrong measurement,
❖ meter misreading, or
❖ Energy bills being incorrect or
2 marks
❖ Remaining unpaid.
Page 14 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Remedies; XXXXX for
These can be reduced by: Installing sub meters for a group of customers to causes
detect pilferage, fixing responsibility (on personnel) of the amount power remedies

drawn and amount of supplied by the agency personnel, installing accurate

meters properly tested, resorting to regular testing/calibration of meters,
conducting surprise raids/checks on consumers premises to detect theft or 2 marks
for
pilferage.
remedies
These remedies lead to proper evaluation of the energy produced,
distributed and utilized They will lead to avoidance of improper
/unwarranted use of available energy which in turn reduces the energy
requirements by some scale in turn leading to saving in energy sources.
⮚ Appoint vigilance squad for to avoid the energy theft.
⮚ Make the necessary energy audit time to time.
⮚ Apply high penalty for meter tampering cases.
⮚ Faulty meter should be replaced immediately.
⮚ Better coordination is essential for to avoid lack administration.
⮚ Billing issues such as bill not received, lower collection efficiency and wrong
bill received issues should be cleared.
⮚ Defected or dissimilar meters should be replaced.
c A Consumer has maximum demand of 700 kW at 70 % load factor. If tariff is
Rs.100/kW of maximum demand plus 20 paise per kWh. Find:
1) Unit consumed per year
2) Annual charges
3) Overall cost/kWh
Given
M.D.=700 kW,
Load factor= 70 %= 0.7
Tariff is Rs.100/KVA Of M.D. & Rate per unit =20 paise/kwh

i)Unit consumed per year= Max.demand * L. F. * Hrs. in year

= (700) * (0.7) *(8760) 2 marks
= 42,92,400 kWh…………………………..2 Marks

ii)Annual Charge= (annual max.demand charges )+( annual energy charges)

= Rs.(100 x 700)+( 42,92,400 x 0.2)
= (70,000 + 8,58,480) 2 marks
= 9,28,480/-………………………………………………………2 Marks

iii)Overall cost per unit = (Total bill)/(kwh for the year)

Page 15 of 16
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors

Subject Name: Energy Conservation & Audit Subject Code:

22525
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
= 928480/4292400 XXXXX
= Rs. 0.2163/Kwh
= 216.30 Paise/ kwh…………………………………2 marks 2 marks

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