Most Widely Accepted and Trusted

ESR-2107
ICC-ES Evaluation Report Reissued 01/2019
Revised 04/2019
ICC-ES
000| (800) 423-6587 | (562) 699-0543 | www.icc-es.org This report is subject to renewal 01/2020.

DIVISION: 03 00 00—CONCRETE
SECTION: 03 21 00—REINFORCING STEEL

REPORT HOLDER:

MMFX TECHNOLOGIES – A COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY

EVALUATION SUBJECT:

CHRŌMX® 9100, 4100 AND 2100, GRADE 100 STEEL REINFORCING BARS

“2014 Recipient of Prestigious Western States Seismic Policy Council

(WSSPC) Award in Excellence” A Subsidiary of

ICC-ES Evaluation Reports are not to be construed as representing aesthetics or any other attributes not specifically
addressed, nor are they to be construed as an endorsement of the subject of the report or a recommendation for its use.
There is no warranty by ICC Evaluation Service, LLC, express or implied, as to any finding or other matter in this
report, or as to any product covered by the report.

Copyright © 2019 ICC Evaluation Service, LLC. All rights reserved.

ICC-ES Evaluation Report ESR-2107
Reissued January 2019
Revised April 2019
This report is subject to renewal January 2020.

www.icc-es.org | (800) 423-6587 | (562) 699-0543 A Subsidiary of the International Code Council ®

DIVISION: 03 00 00—CONCRETE 4.0 DESIGN AND INSTALLATION

Section: 03 21 00—Reinforcing Steel
4.1 Design:
REPORT HOLDER: The bars must be designed in accordance with IBC,
ACI 318-14 under the 2015 IBC (ACI 318-11 under the
MMFX TECHNOLOGIES — 2012 IBC and ACI 318-08 under the 2009 IBC), and ACI
A COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY ITG-6R, as summarized in Annex 1 of this report, entitled,
“Design Methodology, ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b Types
EVALUATION SUBJECT: CS, CM and CL Grade 100 Bars.”
The following limitations also apply:
ChrōmX 9100, 4100 AND 2100, GRADE 100 STEEL
®

REINFORCING BARS 1. The reinforcing bars must not be used as longitudinal

reinforcement in special moment frame members,
special structural wall boundary elements, or coupling
1.0 EVALUATION SCOPE
beams.
Compliance with the following codes:
2. The ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade
®
 2015, 2012 and 2009 International Building Code (IBC) 100 reinforcing bars must not be welded.
®
 2015, 2012 and 2009 International Residential Code 3. The ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade
(IRC) 100 reinforcing bars must not be used as headed
† deformed bars in tension.
 2013 Abu Dhabi International Building Code (ADIBC)
† 4. The specified compressive strength for concrete must
The ADIBC is based on the 2009 IBC. 2009 IBC code sections referenced
in this report are the same sections in the ADIBC. range from 4,000 psi to 12,000 psi (27.6 MPa to
82.7 MPa).
Property evaluated:
5. Use of the ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and
Structural CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars is applicable to
2.0 USES reinforcement under Sections 8.6.2.3, 20.2.1.2,
20.2.1.3, and 20.2.2.4 of ACI 318-14, and Section
®
The ChrōmX 9100 (CRX9), 4100 (CRX4) and 2100 4.1.2 of ACI 318.2-14 under the 2015 IBC (Sections
(CRX2), Grade 100 bars are deformed steel reinforcing 3.5.3.2, 3.5.3.3, 9.4, 11.4.2, 11.5.3.4, 11.6.6, 18.9.3.2,
bars used as longitudinal and transverse reinforcement in and 19.3.2 of ACI 318-11 or -08 under the 2012 and
reinforced concrete structural members, such as 2009 IBC). ACI 318 is referenced in Section 1901.2 of
foundations, columns and walls. the IBC.
3.0 DESCRIPTION 6. For structures assigned to Seismic Design Category
(SDC) D, E, or F, ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM
3.1 ChrōmX 9100, 4100 and 2100, Grade 100 Bars:
®
and CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars are limited to
®
The ChrōmX 9100, 4100 and 2100, Grade 100 bars are placement in slab systems, foundations, and
deformed steel reinforcing bars available in sizes Nos. 3 structural components not designated as part of the
through 11, No. 14 and 18. Examples of available bars are seismic force–resisting system but explicitly analyzed
illustrated in Figure 1. Nominal weights, dimensions, and for induced effects of design displacements in
deformations comply with values given in Table 1 of ASTM accordance with ACI 318-14 Section 18.14 under the
A1035-16b. 2015 IBC (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 21.13 under the
2012 and 2009 IBC, as applicable). Additional
3.2 Materials:
requirements pertaining to structures assigned to
The bars are rolled from identified heats of cast steel and SDC D, E, or F are described in Section A.2.20 of this
comply with requirements in ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b for report.
Type CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars. The specified or 4.2 Installation:
minimum yield strength is 100,000 psi (690 MPa) and
®
the specified or minimum tensile strength is 150,000 psi 4.2.1 The ChrōmX 9100, 4100 and 2100, Grade 100
(1030 MPa). bars and splices must be located in the structure as set

ICC-ES Evaluation Reports are not to be construed as representing aesthetics or any other attributes not specifically addressed, nor are they to be construed
as an endorsement of the subject of the report or a recommendation for its use. There is no warranty by ICC Evaluation Service, LLC, express or implied, as
to any finding or other matter in this report, or as to any product covered by the report.

Copyright © 2019 ICC Evaluation Service, LLC. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 7
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 2 of 7

forth in the approved drawings and specifications. 5.2 Splice locations must comply with applicable code
Reinforcement details, including surface conditions, bar requirements and be noted on drawings approved by
placement, clear spacing, offsets, spirals and ties, must the building official.
comply with the applicable provisions in Chapter 25 of ACI
5.3 Prior to installation, calculations and details
318-14 under the 2015 IBC (Chapter 7 of ACI 318-11 or
demonstrating compliance with this report must be
-08 under the 2012 and 2009 IBC, respectively).
submitted to the building official. The calculations and
4.2.2 Mechanical splices of deformed bars covered in this details must be prepared by a registered design
evaluation report are beyond the scope of this report. professional where required by the statutes of the
jurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed.
4.3 Special Inspection:
5.4 Use in structures assigned to Seismic Design
Special inspection is required in accordance with 2015 and
Category D, E, or F and regulated by Chapter 18 of
2012 IBC Sections 1705.1.1 and 1705.3 (2009 IBC
ACI 318-14 under the 2015 IBC (Chapter 21 of ACI
Sections 1704.4 and 1704.15). The special inspector must
318-11 or -08 under the 2012 and 2009 IBC,
verify, but are not limited to, the following:
respectively) are beyond the scope of this report,
1. That reinforcing steels are of the type, grade and size except as noted in Section 4.1, limitation item 6 of this
specified and are labeled in conformance with this report.
report.
5.5 Special inspection must be provided in accordance
2. That bending of reinforcing steel bars complies with with Section 4.3 of this report.
ACI 318-14 Section 26.6.3 under the 2015 IBC, ACI
5.6 Limitations listed in Section 4.1 of this report must be
318-11 Section 7.3 under the 2012 IBC, or with 2009
observed.
IBC Section 1907.3, and the modifications given in
Annex 1 Section A2.3. 5.7 Under the IRC, an engineered design in accordance
with IRC Section R301.1.3, showing compliance with
3. That reinforcing steel surface conditions comply with
IBC and this evaluation report, must be submitted to
ACI 318-14 Section 26.6.6.1.2 under the IBC 2015,
the code official for review and approval.
ACI 318-11 Section 7.4 under the 2012 IBC, or with
2009 IBC Section 1907.4. 6.0 EVIDENCE SUBMITTED
4. That reinforcing steels are placed within tolerances Data in accordance with the ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria
set forth in ACI 318-14 Section 26.6 under the IBC for High-strength Reinforcing Bars (AC429), dated June
2015, ACI 318-11 Section 7.5 under the 2012 IBC, or 2016.
with 2009 IBC Section 1907.5; and are adequately
7.0 IDENTIFICATION
supported and secured to prevent displacement
during concrete placement. 7.1 Each bar is identified in accordance with the
provisions of ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b and AC429
5. That minimum concrete protection is provided in
Section 2.1.3.1. Figures 2a and 2b provide an
accordance with ACI 318-14 Section 20.6 under the
explanation of each bar marking (for English Units
IBC 2015, ACI 318-11 Section 7.7 under the 2012
and Metric Units, respectively). The bar bundles are
IBC, or with 2009 IBC Section 1907.7.
identified by tags bearing the manufacturer's name,
6. That placement of reinforcing steel complies with report holder's name (MMFX Technologies), product’s
required spacing, profile and quantity requirements, name, Type, grade of bar, size of bar, length of bar,
as specified in the approved drawings and heat number, roll number, and the evaluation report
specifications. number (ESR-2107).
7. That hooks, bends, ties, stirrups and supplemental 7.2 The report holder’s contact information is the
reinforcement are fabricated and placed as specified following:
in the approved drawings and specifications. MMFX TECHNOLOGIES —
8. That lap lengths, stagger and offsets are provided in A COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY
accordance with the approved drawings and 11444 EAST GERMANN ROAD
specifications. MESA, ARIZONA 85212
(866) 466-7878
5.0 CONDITIONS OF USE www.mmfx.com
The ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b Types CS, CM and CL www.cmc.com
Grade 100 Bars described in this report comply with
applicable provisions of the codes indicated in Section 1.0
of this report, subject to the following conditions:
5.1 The bars must be installed in accordance with the
applicable code, the manufacturer's instructions and
this report. In case of conflict between the
manufacturer's published instructions and this report,
the more restrictive governs.
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 3 of 7

FIGURE 1—EXAMPLES OF AVAILABLE CHRŌMX® 2100 (CL), CHRŌMX 4100 (CM) AND CHRŌMX 9100 (CS)
GRADE 100 BARS

Grade 690 MPa, 100 ksi

ASTM A1035
FIGURE 2A—ASTM A1035-16B TYPE CS, CM & CL GRADE 100 BAR MARKINGS (ENGLISH UNITS)

FIGURE 2B—ASTM A1035-16B TYPE CS, CM & CL GRADE 100 BAR MARKINGS (METRIC UNITS)
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 4 of 7

ANNEX 1—DESIGN METHODOLOGY, ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b TYPES CS, CM AND CL GRADE 100 BARS
A1.0 Structural design with high-strength reinforcing bars must be in accordance with ACI 318, as modified by ACI ITG-6R.
Table A1 provides the highest permissible values of the specified yield strengths for the ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b Types CS,
CM and CL Grade 100 bars to be used in the design of structural members.
A2.0 ACI ITG-6R provides further guidance for using high-strength steel reinforcing bars beyond current ACI 318 limitations.
The design and installation of ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars must observe the following
modifications to ACI 318, taken from ACI ITG-6R, identified in Sections A2.1 through A2.20, and additional clarifications noted
in Sections A2.21 and A2.22:
A2.1 Deformed Reinforcement: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 20.2.1.3 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 3.5.3.3) to read as
follows:
Deformed Grade 100 reinforcing bars conforming to ASTM A1035-16b, Types CS, CM and CL, as noted in Section
3.2 of this evaluation report, shall be permitted to be used subject to the specific modifications to ACI 318 given in
this report.
A2.2 Exposure Categories and Classes: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 19.3.1 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 4.2) by adding
new Section 19.3.1.2 in ACI 318-14 (Section 4.2.2 in ACI 318-11 or -08):
ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars shall be permitted to be in direct contact with other
grades of steel except where the structure is in an aqueous environment. Aqueous environments include concrete
exposure categories and classes where moisture or water contact is anticipated, as set forth in Section 19.3.1.1 in
ACI 318-14 (Section 4.2.1 in ACI 318-11 or -08).
A2.3 Bending: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 26.6.3 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 7.3) by adding new Section 26.6.3.1(d) in
ACI 318-14 (Section 7.3.3 in ACI 318-11 or -08):
Unbending of ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars is prohibited.
A2.4 Redistribution of Moments: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 6.6.5 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 8.4) by adding the
following:
Redistribution of moments shall not apply to members containing ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade
100 reinforcing bars.
A2.5 Strength Reduction Factor: Under the 2012 and 2009 IBC: Modify by ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 9.3.2.2 by
replacing the second paragraph in ACI 318-11 or -08 with the following:
For sections reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars in which the net tensile strain
in the extreme tension steel at nominal strength, ε t , is between the limits for compression-controlled (See Section
A2.9) and tension-controlled (See Section A2.10) sections, φ shall be permitted to be linearly increased from that
for compression-controlled sections to 0.90 as ε t increases from the compression-controlled strain limit to 0.009 in
accordance with Eq. A2-1:
φ = 0.45 + 50ε t≤ 0.9 R (Eq. A2-1)
Under the 2015 IBC: Modify Section 21.2.2 in ACI 318-14 as follows:
The strength reduction factor, 𝜙𝜙, shall be determined in accordance with (Eq. A2-1), where 𝜀𝜀𝑡𝑡 is the net tensile
strain in the extreme tension steel at nominal strength as described in the paragraph above in Section A2.5.
A2.6 Design Strength for Reinforcement: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 20.2.2.4 and Table 20.2.2.4a (ACI 318-11 or -08
Section 9.4) to read as follows:
The specified yield strengths of ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars used in the design of
structural members shall be no more than the values shown in Table A1.
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 5 of 7

TABLE A1—SPECIFIED YIELD STRENGTHS FOR DESIGN OF MEMBERS USING ASTM A1035/A1035M-16b
TYPES CS, CM AND CL GRADE 100 REINFORCEMENT1,4
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
TYPE OF MEMBER Tension, psi Compression, psi Shear, psi Torsion, psi Confinement, psi
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
Beams and one-way slabs 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550) 60,000 (410) N/A
Columns 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550) 60,000 (410) 100,000 (690)2
Tension ties 80,000 (550) N/A N/A N/A N/A
Compression struts N/A 80,000 (550) N/A N/A N/A
Two-way slabs 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 60,000 (410) 60,000 (410) N/A
Walls 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550) N/A 100,000 (690)3
Footings and pile caps 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550) 60,000 (410) N/A
Mat foundations 100,000 (690) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550) N/A N/A
1
N/A = Not applicable
2
Spirals and ties
3
Ties
4
Refer to Section A2.20 for additional limitations related to use in earthquake-resistant structures.

A2.7 Control of Deflections: Modify ACI 318-14 Tables 7.3.1.1 and 9.3.1.1 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Table 9.5(a)) by adding the
following note:

ACI 318-14 note [2] (ACI 318-11 or -08 note c) This table does not apply to members reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b
Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars. Deflections shall be computed in accordance with Sections 19.2.3.1 (for
determination of modulus of rupture, f r ) and 24.2.3 of ACI 318-14 (Section 9.5.2.3 of ACI 318-11 or -08).

Replace ACI 318-14 Eq. (24.2.3.5a) (ACI 318-11 or -08 Eq. (9-8)) with Eq. A2-2.
𝐼𝐼𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐼𝐼𝑒𝑒 = 𝐼𝐼𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑀𝑀𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2
≤ 𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 (Eq. A2-2)
1−�1− �� �
𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎

A2.8 Tensile stress: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 20.2.2.1 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 10.2.4) to read as follows:

Tensile stress in ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars shall be computed in accordance with Eq. A2-
3 or A2-4:

f s = 29,000ε s (ksi) for ε s ≤ 0.00345 (Eq. A2-3)

f s = 100 ksi for 𝜀𝜀𝑠𝑠 > 0.00345 (Eq. A2-4)

A2.9 Compression-controlled Strain Limit: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 21.2.2.1 and Table 21.2.2 (ACI 318-11 or -08
Section 10.3.3) to read as follows:

Sections are compression-controlled if the net tensile strain in the extreme tension steel, ε t, is equal to or less than the
compression-controlled strain limit when the concrete in compression reaches its assumed strain limit of 0.003. The
compression-controlled strain limit is the net tensile strain in the reinforcement at balanced strain conditions. For ASTM
A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcement, it shall be permitted to set the compression-controlled strain
limit equal to 0.004.

A2.10 Tension-controlled Strain Limit: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 21.2.2 and Table 21.2.2 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section
10.3.4) to read as follows:

Sections reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars are tension-controlled if the net tensile
strain in the extreme tension steel, ε t, is equal to or greater than 0.009 when the concrete in compression reaches its
assumed strain limit of 0.003. Sections with ε t between the compression-controlled strain limit and 0.009 constitute a
transition region between compression-controlled and tension-controlled sections.

A2.11 Volumetric Spiral Reinforcement Ratio: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 25.7.3.3 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 10.9.3) to
read as follows:

Volumetric spiral reinforcement ratio, ρ s , shall be not less than the value given by Eq. A2-5:
𝐴𝐴𝑔𝑔 𝑓𝑓′𝑐𝑐
ρ s = 0.45 � − 1� (Eq. A2-5)
𝐴𝐴𝑐𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑓𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦

where the value of f yt used in Eq. (A2-5) shall not exceed 100,000 psi (690 MPa). For f yt greater than 60,000 psi (410
MPa) and ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcement, lap splices according to ACI 318-14
Section 25.7.3.6 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 7.10.4.5(a)) shall not be used.

A2.12 Slenderness Effects: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 6.2.6 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 10.10.2) to read as follows:
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 6 of 7

When slenderness effects are not neglected as permitted by Section 6.2.5 in ACI 318-14 (Section 10.10.1 in ACI 318-
11 or -08), the design of compression members, restraining beams, and other supporting members reinforced with
ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars shall be based on the factored forces and moments from a
second-order analysis satisfying Section 6.6.4 in ACI 318-14 (Section 10.10.5 in ACI 318-11 or -08). These members
shall also satisfy Sections 6.2.6 and 6.6.4.6.4 in ACI 318-14 (Sections 10.10.2.1 and 10.10.2.2 in ACI 318-11 or -08).
The dimensions of each member cross section used in the analysis shall be within 10 percent of the dimensions of the
members shown on the contract documents or the analysis shall be repeated.

A2.13 Shear Strength Provided by Concrete for Nonprestressed Members: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 22.5.5.1 (ACI
318-11 or -08 Section 11.2.1.1) by adding the following:

For one-way slabs reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars where (1) lightly reinforced
members with ρ less than one percent; (2) no significant axial load is present; and (3) no shear reinforcement is
provided, V c shall be computed in accordance with Eq. A2-6 or Eq. A2-6M:
73
Vc =
39+2.1𝑑𝑑
�𝑓𝑓 ′ 𝑏𝑏𝑤𝑤 𝑑𝑑 (lb) (Eq. A2-6)

154
Vc =
1000+2.1𝑑𝑑
�𝑓𝑓 ′ 𝑏𝑏𝑤𝑤 𝑑𝑑 (N) (Eq. A2-6M)

A2.14 Shear Reinforcement Design Strength: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 20.2.2.4 and Table 20.2.2.4a (ACI 318-11 or -08
Section 11.4.2) to read as follows:

The values of f y and f yt used in design of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 60,000 psi (410 MPa), except the value
may be increased to 80,000 psi (550 MPa) for beams and walls reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and
CL Grade 100 reinforcement where appearance and serviceability due to shear cracking are not critical design
considerations.

A2.15 Minimum Shear Reinforcement:

Concrete members reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars shall comply with the
minimum shear reinforcement requirements in ACI 318-14 under the 2015 IBC (ACI 318-11 or-08 under the 2012 and
2009 IBC, respectively).

A2.16 Development of Deformed Bars in Tension: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 25.4.2 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 12.2) by
deleting Sections 25.4.2.2 and 25.4.2.3 in ACI 318-14 (Sections 12.2.2 and 12.2.3 in ACI 318-11 or -08), renumbering
Section 25.4.2.4 in ACI 318-14 to become Section 25.4.2.3 (Section 12.2.4 in ACI 318-11 or -08 to become 12.2.3) and
replacing Section 25.4.2.2 in ACI 318-14 (Section 12.2.2 in ACI 318-11 or -08) with the following:

For ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 deformed bars, l d shall be in accordance with Eq. A2-7 or Eq.
A2-7M:

𝑓𝑓𝑦𝑦
� 1⁄4−𝜙𝜙2400𝜔𝜔�𝛼𝛼𝛽𝛽𝑐𝑐 𝜆𝜆
𝑓𝑓′𝑐𝑐
𝑙𝑙𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐+ 𝐾𝐾𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏 (in.) (Eq. A2-7)
𝜙𝜙76.3� �
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏

where:
ϕ = 0.8, strength reduction factor
α = Ψ t defined in ACI 318
= 1.3 for top cast bars
β c = 1.0 for uncoated bars
λ = 1.0 for normal-weight concrete
𝑑𝑑
c = spacing or cover dimension for reinforcing bar = c min + 𝑏𝑏�2
cb = bottom concrete cover for reinforcing bar being developed
c max = maximum of (c b , c s )
c min = smaller of minimum concrete cover or ½ of the spacing between bars
c si = ½ of the bar spacing
c so = side concrete cover for reinforcing bar
cs = minimum of [c so , c si + 0.25 in. (6.35 mm)]
db = diameter of bar
n = number of bars being developed
Rr = relative rib area of the reinforcement
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
=
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 × 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐−𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
s = spacing of transverse refinement
𝑐𝑐
ω = 0.1 � 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 � + 0.9 ≤ 1.25
𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
K tr = (0.52t r t d A tr /sn)� 𝑓𝑓’𝑐𝑐 (in.) R (Eq. A2-8)
tr = 9.6Rr + 0.28 ≤ 1.72 (Eq. A2-9)
td = 0.78d b + 0.22 (in.) (Eq. A2-10)
𝑐𝑐 𝜔𝜔+ 𝐾𝐾𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
� � ≤ 4.0 (Eq. A2-11)
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏
ESR-2107 | Most Widely Accepted and Trusted Page 7 of 7

In SI units
𝑓𝑓𝑦𝑦
� 1⁄4−𝜙𝜙57.4𝜔𝜔�𝛼𝛼𝛽𝛽𝑐𝑐 𝜆𝜆
′
𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑐
𝑙𝑙𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐+ 𝐾𝐾𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏 (mm) (Eq. A2-7M)
𝜙𝜙1.83� �
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏

K tr = (6.26t r t d A tr /sn) � 𝑓𝑓’𝑐𝑐 (mm) (Eq. A2-8M)

tr = 9.6Rr + 0.28 ≤ 1.72 (Eq. A2-9M)
t d = 0.03db + 0.22 (mm) (Eq. A2-10M)
𝑐𝑐 𝜔𝜔+ 𝐾𝐾𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
� � ≤ 4.0 (Eq. A2-11M)
𝑑𝑑𝑏𝑏

A2.17 Development of Deformed Bars in Compression: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 25.4.9 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section
12.3) by adding the following:

The specified yield strength f y in compression of ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars is limited to
80,000 psi (550 MPa) maximum.

A2.18 Mechanical and Welded Splices: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 25.5.7.1 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 12.14.3.1) to read
as follows:

Mechanical splices shall be permitted when specifically recognized for use with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL
Grade 100 reinforcing bars in an ICC-ES evaluation report. Welding of bars is prohibited.

A2.19 Modification of Moments for Two-way Slab Systems: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 8.10.4.3 (ACI 318-11 or -08
Section 13.6.7) to read as follows:

Modification of negative and positive factored moments using moment redistribution is prohibited in two-way slabs
reinforced with ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 bars.

A2.20 Use in Earthquake-resistant structures: Modify ACI 318-14 Section 20.2.2.4 (ACI 318-11 or -08 Section 21.1.5) by
adding new section as follows:

Use of ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars as longitudinal reinforcement in a structural
member that is part of the seismic-force-resisting system of a structure assigned to SDC D, E or F is prohibited. The use
of ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars as transverse reinforcement is permitted,
provided f yt is limited to 60,000 psi (410 MPa) maximum for computing shear strength.

Modify ACI 318-14 Section 18.4.1.1 by adding a new paragraph at the end of 18.4.1.1 (Modify ACI-11 or -08 Section 21.3.2
to read as follows):

Where Grade 60 (420 MPa) reinforcing bars are used for column longitudinal reinforcement and ASTM A1035-16b
Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars are used for beam longitudinal reinforcement in intermediate moment
frames, the flexural strength requirements (strong-column-weak beam) in Section 18.7.3.2 in ACI 318-14 (ACI 318-11
or -08 Section 21.6.2.2) shall be met using the actual strengths of the beams containing ASTM A1035-16b Types CS,
CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcement. A nonlinear analysis shall be conducted to determine M nb . The required shear
strength of the beam shall be determined based on M nb from such nonlinear analysis. Permitted methods of nonlinear
analysis are given in ACI ITG-6R.

A2.21 Clarification with Respect to the Effect of Reinforcing Bar Tensile Strain: The design methodology for the ASTM
A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100 reinforcing bars shall consider the effect of reinforcing bar tensile strain on the
structural performance of the reinforced concrete structures containing ASTM A1035-16b Types CS, CM and CL Grade 100
reinforcement, including provisions noted in Sections 4.2, 4.8, 4.9 and Appendix B of ITG-6R.

A2.22 Clarification with Respect to Minimum Stress Corresponding to 0.0035 Strain: The requirement of a minimum
stress of 80 ksi (550 MPa) corresponding to a strain of 0.0035, prescribed in ASTM A1035-09 and previous editions,
referenced in Section 3.3 of ITG-6R, is no longer included in ASTM A1035-14 and later editions, including ASTM A1035-
16b, and the effect of this difference on the design methodology, if any, should be considered.