Đề Ôn Hsg Số 2 Ms. Dung
Đề Ôn Hsg Số 2 Ms. Dung
Đề Ôn Hsg Số 2 Ms. Dung
Dung
ĐỀ ÔN HSG SỐ 2: 2024-2025
A. LISTENING
Part 2. For questions from 1-5, listen to a piece of news about the reasons why some World
Heritage sites are at risk, and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. Mexico ranks sixth in the total number of UNESCO World Heritage sites.
2. Being recognized as a World Heritage site can have two-sided effects on the site chosen.
3. More than two thirds of heritage sites in the world are home to endangered species.
4. Cutting down trees for wood, getting underground minerals and developing fossil fuel are
activities that have negative impacts on natural sites.
5. Yoga, Turkish coffee and Belgium beer are on the verge of vanishing soon.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Part 4. For questions 1-10, listen to a piece of news from BBC about the hazardous effects of
junk from electronic devices in China and fill in the missing information. Write NO MORE
THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in the spaces provided.
Every year, millions of tones of scrap metal are shipped in from all over the world to China, one of
the largest (1) ____________ports. Among those are the most valuable scrap (2)
____________from unused and outdated laptops and mobile phones. The activity of (3)
____________has caused a lot of dangers which can be seen everywhere, especially in nearby
villages in Eastern China. Recyclers are forced to (4) ____________ in concealed yards due to
severe actions taken by the government to restrict the (5) ____________.This has a bad effect not
only on the environment but also on (6) ____________of those who live near the port. China is the
destination of more than two thirds of the world’s scrap devices, most of which is (7)
____________, a trend that is rising quickly to affluence. Also, in a factory on the outskirts of
Beijing, almost 2.5 million devices are being handled. It is not operating at its (8)____________,
about two thirds capacity; however, this won’t be long because of China’s appetite for new devices.
Such industry is (9) ____________with the increase in the amount of waste from existing electronic
devices, a result of the rise in (10) ____________.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
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5. 10.
8 agencies. People also read these papers for their revisions of new books, films and plays and for
9 their editorials which represent the opinion of the newspaper itself of the important events and
10 issues of the moment.
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Your answers
Line Mistake Correction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Part 4: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the following sentences.
One of the most lethal poisons on Earth, ten thousand times more deadly than cyanide, is
tetrodotoxin, more concisely known as TTX. Its (1. POTENT) __________________ is well known
in East Asia, where it regularly kills diners who have braved the (2. CAPRICE) _______________
delicacy known as fugo or puffer fish.
This toxin has a (3. TERROR) __________________method of operation: twenty-five minutes
after exposure, it begins to paralyse its victims, leaving the victim fully aware of what is happening.
Death usually results, within hours, from (4. SUFFOCANT) ___________________________ or
heart failure. There is no known antidote. If lucky patients can (5. STAND)
___________________the symptoms for twenty-four hours, they usually recover without (6.
FAR)_____________________ complications. It is no ordinary poison. What is strange about its
occurrence is that it is found in such a wide range of creatures, from algae to angelfish spanning
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entire kingdoms of life. It is rather unlikely that such an unusual toxin evolved independently in so
many (7. RELATE) ________________________animals.
Marine biologists have discovered that the poison is produced by bacteria living in the gut of its
host. The best explanation is that a (8. BIOLOGY)_________________ relationship exists between
host and the (9. WELCOME)_______________________ guest, where (10.MICROBIC)
______________________________exchange poison for nutrients, providing a valuable defensive
weapon for its host.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
C. READING
Part 1: For questions 1–10, read the following passages and decide which answer (A, B, C or D)
best fits each gap. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in corresponding numbered boxes.
The knowledge and eloquence that people gain through travelling is usually perceived as the best
fulfilment in life. It is the inquisitive human nature that (1) ____________ people to seek thrilling
experiences and to set out on an exploration trip. Those who travel frequently and to (2) ________
places benefit from establishing new relationships and (3) ________ a better knowledge about other
cultures and lifestyles. However, there is a (4) _____________ of truth in the assumption that
people are prone to (5) __________ clichés and unfounded prejudices about other nations and their
characteristics. Sometimes, it is only the first-hand encounter that can help change the approach
towards the so-called “inferior communities”. This direct contact with different civilization enables
travelers to (6) _____________ their baseless assumption and get acquainted with the real concept
of life in all four corners of the globe. (7) ____________ question, travelling (8) _____________
friendship and makes it easier for many individuals to acknowledge the true value of different
traditions and customs. Yet, it does not always mean enjoyment. It may also (9) ____________
coming close with the atrocities of real existence as well as becoming aware of the challenges and
hardships that other people have to struggle with. Hence, a true voyage is the one with a good deal
of experience to (10) __________about, very often combined with exposure to abhorrent sights and
incredible ordeals. The learning to be complete, thus, requires an ability to observe and analyze the
surroundings, both their glamour and brutality.
1. A. impels B. involves C. entails D. pursue
2. A. reverse B. averse C. diverse D. converse
3. A. acquiring B. educating C. learning D. exacting
4. A. speck B. grain C. scrap D. tip
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Part 2: Read the text below and think of one word which best fits each space. Use only ONE
WORD for each space. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Sad as it is, a social misperception of the disabled is still (1) ___________ in many communities. It
is only in a few (2) _______ civilized states where the problems and needs of people with physical
or mental incapacities are given the proper consideration. In the remaining countries, the
discrimination against the disabled is still practiced in many areas of social life. (3) _______ in the
past, they are ignored, denounced and forced to stay away from the normal community which, (4)
________, isn’t capable of making any provisions for its less fit members. For decades, the hale and
hearty part of (5) _______ society has stripped the disabled of their fundamental rights as their job
applications have been turned down, their active participation in business life has on most occasions
been disallowed and there has been little concern for their convenience in access to public transport.
Equally little effort has been made to help the disabled fully (6) ______ with the able-bodied thus
(7) ________ foundations for greater community awareness of the drawbacks that the handicapped
have to wrestle with daily. There’s an urgent need to offer the disabled (8) _______ adequate
assistance and support in their struggle for putting their basic rights into operation. The key
principle is that the stereotyped approach towards the impaired individuals ought to be exchanged
for a more considerate one. (9) _____ pressing matter is that the disabled shouldn’t be appraised on
the basis of their handicap, but society should rather focus on providing them with complete
acceptance irrespective of any imperfections (10) ______ treating them as fully-fledged citizens.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 3: Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) according to the
text. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes
The Hydrologic Cycle
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The hydrologic cycle is the transfer of water from the oceans to the atmosphere to the land
and back to the oceans. The processes involved include evaporation of water from the oceans;
precipitation on land; evaporation from land; and runoff from streams, rivers, and subsurface
groundwater. The hydrologic cycle is driven by solar energy, which evaporates water from
oceans freshwater, bodies, soils, and vegetable. Of the total 1.3 billion km water on Earth, about
97% is in oceans, and about 2% is in glaciers and ice caps. The rest is in freshwater on land and in
the atmosphere. Although it represents only a small fraction of the water on Earth, the water on land
is important in moving chemicals, sculpturing landscape, weathering rocks, transporting sediments,
and providing our water resources. The water in the atmosphere only 0.001% of the total on Earth
—cycles quickly to produce rain and runoff for our water resources.
Especially important from an environmental perspective is that rates of transfer on land are
small relative to what’s happening in the ocean. For example, most of the water that evaporates
from the ocean falls again as precipitation into the ocean. On land, most of the water that falls as
precipitation comes from evaporation of water from land. This means that regional land-use
changes, such as the building of large dams and reservoirs, can change the amount of water
evaporated into the atmosphere and change the location and amount of precipitation on land—water
we depend on to raise our crops and supply water for our urban environments. Furthermore, as we
pave over large areas of land in cities, storm water runs off quicker and in greater volume, thereby
increasing flood hazards. Bringing water into semi-arid cities by pumping groundwater or
transporting water from distant mountains through aqueducts may increase evaporation, thereby
increasing humidity and precipitation in a region.
Approximately 60% of water that falls by precipitation on land each year evaporates to the
atmosphere. A smaller component (about 40%) returns to the ocean surface and subsurface runoff.
[A] This small annual transfer of water supplies resources for rivers and urban and agricultural
lands. [B] Unfortunately, distribution of water on land is far from uniform. [C] As human
population increases, water shortages will become more frequent in arid and semi-arid regions,
where water is naturally nonabundant. [D]
At the regional and local level, the fundamental hydrological unit of the landscape is the
drainage basin (also called a watershed or catchment). A drainage basin is the area that contributes
surface runoff to a particular stream or river. The term drainage basin is usually used in evaluating
the hydrology of an area, such as the stream flow or runoff from hill slopes. Drainage basins vary
greatly in size, from less than a hectare (2.5 acres) to millions of square kilometers. A drainage
basin is usually named for its main stream or river, such as the Mississippi River drainage basin.
The main process in the cycle is the global transfer of water from the atmosphere to the land
and oceans and back to the atmosphere. Together, the oceans, ice caps and glaciers account for
more than 99% of the total water, and both are generally unsuitable for human use because of
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salinity (seawater) and location (ice caps and glaciers). Only about 0.001% of the total water on
Earth is in the atmosphere at any one time. However, this relatively small amount of water in the
global water cycle, with an average atmospheric residence time of only about 9 days, produces all
our freshwater resources through the process of precipitation.
On a global scale, then, total water abundance is not the problem; the problem is water’s
availability in the right place at the right time in the right form. Water can be found in either liquid,
solid, or gaseous form at a number of locations at or near Earth’s surface. Depending on the specific
location, the residence time may vary from a few days to many thousands of years. However, as
mentioned, more than 99% of Earth’s water in its natural state is unavailable or unsuitable for
beneficial human use. Thus, the amount of water for which all the people, plants, and animals on
Earth compete is much less than 1% of the total.
As the world’s population and industrial production of goods increase, the use of water will
also accelerate. The world per capita use of water in 1975 was about 185,000 gal/ yr. And the total
human use of water was about 1015 gal/yr. Today, world use of water is about 6,000, which is a
significant fraction of the naturally available freshwater.
1. Which of the sentences below best expresses the information in the highlighted statement in
the passage?
A. It is the hydrologic cycle that causes water to evaporate from plants, soil, and bodies of water
inland as well as from the oceans.
B. Solar energy is the source of power for the hydrologic cycle, which begins by evaporating water
from plants, soil, oceans, and freshwater sources.
C. The evaporation of water from the oceans, freshwater sources, plants, and soils is the natural
process, which we call the hydrologic cycle.
D. Energy from the sun and the hydrologic cycle are power sources for plants that require water
from the oceans and freshwater sources.
2. Based on information in paragraph 1, which of the following best explains the term “hydro-
logic cycle”?
A. The movement of water from freshwater bodies into the oceans
B. Solar energy in the atmosphere that produces rain over land and oceans
C. Water resources from oceans and freshwater sources inland
D. Transportation of water from oceans into the atmosphere and onto the land
3. The phrase “The rest” in the passage refers to
A. oceans B. ice caps C. glaciers D. water
4. How do man-made water resources such as reservoirs and lakes affect the water cycle?
A. They increase the danger of flooding in the areas surrounding them.
B. They cause changes in the patterns of rainfall in the immediate area.
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A. Bournemouth
Bournemouth is well-known as a healthy and attractive and modern resort, surrounded by gardens
and pine forests, which is popular all year round. It stands on two small hills in the sheltered valley
of the Bourne river, the banks of which are laid out as public gardens. There are excellent and
extensive sandy beaches for bathing, and a long line of picturesque cliffs. Among interesting things
to see, there is the town art gallery and museum, and the East Cliff rock garden attracts geologists
for it contains a large collection of British geological specimens. The town has literary connections,
with Thomas Hardy and R. L. Stevenson, and Mary, the second wife of the poet, Shelley, is buried
in St Peter's churchyard. Pleasant walks may be taken along the coast in both directions.
B.Brighton
Brighton is a popular place, with a pebble beach and some sand at low tide. It lies on the slope of a
hill, in the middle of a broad and shallow bay. The chief attractions of the place are its clear and
bracing air, the fine expanse of sea bordered by white chalk-cliffs, and the crowds of visitors. There
are a large number of old and interesting buildings in the town, in particular the Royal Pavilion,
built in an Oriental style by the famous architect, John Nash, for the Prince Regent. There is an
interesting aquarium near the Palace Pier. On the landward side of the town, the South Downs
provide many interesting walks and viewpoints. In the summer, there is horseracing at the town race
course, immortalized in Graham Greene's novel, Brighton Rock. Brighton is well-known for its
numerous public houses.
C.Torquay
This is a well-known resort and spa on Tor Bay, Devon, with excellent bathing from a sand and
pebble beach. It has a reputation for being a warm and well-sheltered place, and there is sub-tropical
vegetation, palm-trees and the like, growing in the public gardens. On account of the mild climate,
it is a popular place for people with delicate chests and pulmonary problems. The place dates back
to pre-historical times, and there are numerous archaeological remains. Visitors enjoy picturesque
cliff walks, but the town is best seen from a boat in the bay. In fact, Torquay is an important
yachting station and an annual regatta is held there in August or September.
D.Scarborough
Situated on the Yorkshire coast, Scarborough is build around two bays, separated by a headland on
which are the ruins of a twelfth-century castle. The castle makes a fine viewpoint, especially at
sunrise. The new town to the north is rather formal, and some find it dull; the narrow streets of the
old town to the south become very crowded. The North Bay has gardens and a promenade,
protected by a sea-wall. Anne Bronte is buried in Scarborough churchyard. It is a good place for the
active and vigorous, for the town makes a good centre for the North York Moor national park, and
there is opportunity for sea fishing.
E.Hastings
The name of the town is remembered because of the Battle of Hastings, 1066, in which the French
defeated the English and took over the country. Near Hastings is Battle Abbey, one of the most
interesting historical monuments in Britain, founded by William the Conqueror after his victory
over the English, led by Harold. The Abbey stands on the exact spot where the English king fell.
There are many old buildings, including the remains of a Norman castle, open to the public. The sea
front is striking, being about three miles long, and having a fine esplanade. The beach is pebble with
sand at low tide. The town is active only in summer, and along the sea-front are row upon row of
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bed and breakfast hotels. There are cliffs to the east, providing walks to the well-known beauty
spots of Fairlight and Ecclesbourne Glens.
D. WRITING
Part 1: Summary
Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should
be between 120 and 140 words long:
It was one of the oddest experiments in the history of dentistry. In the early 1950s a
researcher called Benjamin Kamrin was looking into the causes of tooth decay. To do so, he turned
to that scientific stalwart, the lab rat. Specifically, he cut small patches of skin from pairs of rats and
then sutured the animals together at the site of the wound. After about a week of being joined in this
way, the animals’ blood vessels began to merge. The result was two rats whose hearts pumped
blood around a shared circulatory system. This state of affairs is called parabiosis.
Parabiosis works best on animals that are closely related genetically. By getting his rats to
share blood, as well as genes, and then feeding the animals a variety of diets, Kamrin hoped to
prove (which he did) that it was sugar in food, and not some inherent deficiency in individuals, that
was responsible for rotting their teeth.
Other people, though, have used the technique to find more striking results. For example,
mammalian bone density usually drops with age. Three years after Kamrin’s work, however, a
gerontologist called Clive McCay showed that linking an old rat to a young one boosted the density
of the oldster’s bones. In 1972 another paper reported, even more spectacularly, that elderly rats
which shared blood with young ones lived four to five months longer than similarly old rats which
did not.
The rats themselves, unsurprisingly, were not always keen on the procedure. Early papers
describe the dangers of “parabiotic disease”, in which one animal’s immune system rebels against
the foreign blood, and also explain how rats must be socialised carefully before being joined, to stop
them biting each other to death.
“The technique itself is kind of gross and crude,” admits Michael Conboy, a biologist and
parabiosis researcher at the University of California, Berkeley. Perhaps for that reason, research had
more or less died out by the late 1970s. These days, though, it is back in the news—for a string of
recent discoveries have suggested that previous generations of researchers were on to something.
The blood of young animals, it seems, may indeed be able to ameliorate at least some of the effects
of ageing. And the technique is promising enough to have spawned human clinical trials.
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Part 2: The bar chart below shows the number of visitors to four London museums.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
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Part 3: Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion on the following issue
Some people believe that the only purpose of films is to entertain. Others say films
should have educational value. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
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