Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 4 views

    Lecture 4

    Uploaded by

    Ayesha Siddika ReazE16

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 4

    Uploaded by

    Ayesha Siddika ReazE16
    4 views13 pages

    Original Title

    Lecture-4

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views13 pages

    Lecture 4

    Uploaded by

    Ayesha Siddika ReazE16

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Lecture 4

    Before starting our next topic we


    will do some mathematical
    problems related to our previous
    topic
    (For the first 30 min)
    ❑ Electric Field due to an Electric Dipole
    Figure 22-9 Then we can write the
    An arrangement with magnitude of the net field at P
    two equal charges as
    but opposite signs is
    known as an Electric
    Dipole.
    (See Figure 22-8)
    𝒅
    If 𝒛 ≫ 𝒅, then ≪𝟏
    𝟐𝒛

    The product 𝒒𝒅, which involves the two intrinsic properties 𝒒 and 𝒅 of the dipole,
    is the magnitude 𝒑 of a vector quantity known as the electric dipole moment of
    the dipole. (The unit of 𝒑 is the coulomb-meter.) Thus, we can write
    ❖ Continuous distribution of charges 1. Line of charge
    2. Ring of charge
    3. Disk of charge etc.

    𝒒
    ➢ Charge density 1. Linear charge density, 𝜆 =
    𝐿
    𝒒
    Charge per unit length, 2. Surface charge density, 𝜎 =
    𝑨
    area, or volume. 𝒒
    3. Volume charge density, 𝜌 =
    𝒗
    The general formula of the electric field for continuous
    charge density,
    ❑ Electric Field Due to a Line of Charge
    Let, a rod (charge is uniformly
    distributed) with a length of 𝐿 contains y
    𝒒 charge with charge density, 𝝀 and a

    𝒅𝑬 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
    small segment 𝒅𝒚 on its body contains
    the charge of 𝒅𝒒 situated at a distance
    𝒅𝒒
    +
    𝒚 from the origin. + 𝒅𝐸
    𝟏 𝒅𝒒 𝒚 +
    The electric field, 𝒅𝑬 = +
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝒓𝟐
    + 𝜃 𝜃 𝟐. 𝒅𝑬 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
    Charge density, 𝝀
    𝒒
    = =
    𝒅𝒒 +
    +
    𝜃 +1 + 𝜃 x
    𝑳 𝒅𝒚

    𝒅𝑬 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
    𝒚 +
    𝒙
    𝟏 𝝀 𝒅𝒚 +
    Therefore, 𝒅𝑬 = + 𝒅𝐸
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝒓𝟐 𝒅𝒒
    +
    𝒙 𝒙 In the limit, 𝑥 → ∞ , the
    𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜃 = =
    𝒓 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 equation approaches to the
    +𝐿/2 equation of the electric field
    of a point charge.
    𝐸 = න 2. 𝑑𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝟏 𝒒
    𝑬= ; 𝝀 = 𝒒𝑳
    +𝐿/2
    0 𝒅𝒙 𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝒙𝟐
    ඳ 3 Again, if 𝑳 ≫ 𝒙 (infinitely
    𝟐 𝝀 𝒅𝒚 𝒙
    =඲ (𝒙𝟐 ± 𝒂𝟐 )2 long line of charge), then
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 (𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐 ) 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐
    the electric field will be
    0
    𝝀
    ±𝒙 𝑬=
    +𝐿/2 = 𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝒙
    =
    𝟐𝜆𝒙
    ඲
    𝒅𝒚
    3
    𝑎2 (𝒙𝟐 ± 𝒂𝟐 )
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎
    (𝒚𝟐 +𝒙𝟐 )2
    0

    𝟏 𝝀𝑳
    𝑬=
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝑳 𝟐
    𝒙 𝒙𝟐 +
    𝟒
    ❑ Electric Field Due to a Ring of Charge

    If 𝒛 << 𝑹, then 𝒛𝟐 + 𝑹𝟐 ≈ 𝒛𝟐
    𝟏 𝒒
    Therefore, 𝑬 =
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝒛𝟐
    𝟏 𝒒𝒛 𝒒 (Charged ring at large distance
    𝑬= 𝟑 ; 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝝀 =
    𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝝅𝑹 looks like point charge)
    (𝒛 +𝑹 )𝟐
    If an electron is constrained to the central axis
    of a positively charged ring, what happens for
    z<<R?
    Assume that an electron of charge, e just release from a point, P
    Electric field at point p directed downward along the z-axis
    for the positively charged ring is given by the following
    p
    formula, 𝒒𝒛
    𝑬= 𝟑
    𝟒πε0(𝒛𝟐 +𝑹𝟐 ) 𝟐
    z
    Therefore, the force on the electron due to the electric field is
    𝑭 = 𝒆𝑬
    𝒒𝒆𝒛
    So, 𝑭 = 𝟑
    𝟒πε0(𝒛𝟐 + )
    𝑹𝟐 𝟐
    For the case, z<<R
    𝒒𝒆𝒛
    we can write, 𝑭
    =
    𝟒πε0𝑹𝟑
    Where, the direction of force, F and z is opposite each other
    Therefore, 𝑭 = −𝒌𝒛
    𝒒𝒆
    Where, 𝒌 = (constant)
    𝟒πε0𝑹 𝟑

    So, the electron is in the SHM


    Thank You

    You might also like