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Lecture 4 Methods of Comparative Education

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154 views

Lecture 4 Methods of Comparative Education

Uploaded by

milon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Studying Comparative

Education

Presenter
Md. Rashedul Huq Shamim
Associate Professor
TVE Department
Methods of Comparative Education
The following methods are used to compare in education:
- Descriptive Method
- Historical Method
- Social Method
- Psychological Method
- Quantitative and Statistical Method
- Scientific Method
The Descriptive Method
This method was used in the nineteenth century because the main purpose of the
comparative education was to incorporate the good points of another country. For
this, a detailed description of educational affairs of another country was necessary.

• The descriptive method in comparative education focuses on systematically


documenting and analyzing educational systems, structures, and practices in
different countries without necessarily making judgments or drawing conclusions.
This method involves a detailed observation and recording of policies, curricula,
teaching methods, and educational outcomes to provide a clear picture of how
education operates across different contexts. By describing educational processes
comprehensively, researchers can identify similarities and differences among
systems. The primary goal is to create a foundation for further research and
comparison, allowing policymakers and educators to understand the diverse
educational environments and inform improvements in their respective contexts.
Historical Method
In the historical method, we study the modern educational problems. This
method reveals the basis on which the modern educational system is based.
Needless to say, this knowledge may help us eliminate undesirable elements
in the system and further strengthen the desirable ones. It would be wrong to
think that we employ the historical method only to know the past so that we
may understand the present better. Our purpose is also to improve the future
by hinting at those factors that may be more useful.
The Sociological Method
• In the sociological method, the educational problems are studied in a
social context. This is done with the belief that the educational system
of a country is conditioned by its social, cultural, economic, political,
and religious situations.
• Hence, the educational problems of a country have their origin in some
social problems and they do not exist by themselves as there is a close
relationship between education and society.
• The sociological method of the study of comparative education does
not emphasize only the past causative factors, but also those social and
cultural aspects which may be responsible for the problem.
Psychological method
• The psychological method in comparative education focuses on understanding
how learners from different cultural and national contexts process information,
learn, and develop cognitively. This method emphasizes individual and group
psychological differences, such as intelligence, motivation, learning styles, and
developmental stages. By comparing these factors across education systems,
researchers aim to understand how psychological traits interact with
educational practices, policies, and outcomes. The psychological method helps
identify culturally relevant teaching methods, curriculum design, and student
support systems. It also aids in tailoring education to diverse learners' needs,
fostering inclusive education and improving global learning standards through
psychological insights.
The quantitative and statistical Method
• In the study of comparative education, we analyze the similarities and
factors inherent in the education systems of various countries. Hence, it is
necessary to use the statistical method for finding out the progress or decline
of education in a country.
• In this method, various types of educational data are collected about a
country. For example, the data about the number of students at a certain
stage of education, expenditure on them, the percentage s of passes and
failures at various stages of education, expenses of the teachers' salaries,
school buildings, and other items are collected, and the same is compared
with the identical data of another country. Thus, the progress or decline of
education in any country is statistically analysed.
The scientific Method

• The scientific method in comparative education applies empirical research


and systematic analysis to compare educational systems across different
countries and cultures. This approach involves formulating hypotheses,
collecting quantitative and qualitative data, and analyzing findings to
identify patterns, trends, and causal relationships. Researchers using this
method focus on objective measurements, such as student performance,
teacher effectiveness, and policy outcomes, to evaluate and improve
educational practices. The scientific method promotes evidence-based
comparisons, allowing educators and policymakers to assess the efficiency
of various educational models. By relying on data-driven insights, this
method aims to enhance educational systems and promote global
educational development.

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