Christine Prefaces

DECLARATION
Candidate’s Declaration
I hereby declare that this project work is the result of my own original research and that no
part of it has been presented for another degree in the St. Francis College of Education or
elsewhere.
Name: …………………………………………. Index number: ………………………...
Signature: ....................................... Date: ………………………………….
Supervisor’s Declaration
I hereby declare that the preparation and presentation of the project work were supervised in
accordance with the guidelines and supervision of project work laid down by the St. Francis
College of Education.
Supervisor’s Name: ………………………………………………………………………….
Signature: ................................................. Date: ……………………………………
II
ABSTRACT
This study was undertaken to address the problem of poor spelling in English language
among the Basic two learners of Hohoe M/A Experimental School, in the Volta Region of
Ghana. In my research into the problem, I used test and interview to collect the primary
data, which were self- constructed. A sample population of 22 was used. pre-Intervention
and post-intervention tests were conducted. These instruments were used to find out
causes of poor spelling errors among the learners, effects of spelling errors and strategies to
solve the problem, with the case study approach. It was realized that the major cause of
spelling problems among the learners is the influence of their mother tongue, poor
foundations in vowels and consonant sounds. To fulfil this method, strategies like the look
and say and phonics method were used. The research instrument used were interview and
test during English language lessons and was noted that most of them could not read well
leading to poor performance in spellings. A pre-test intervention was conducted after the
observation to collect basic data on learners on performance. After the pre-test, the actual
intervention was used which is the step-by-step procedure which aims at solving the
problem identified. Post-intervention was also conducted and a set of words were given
to pupils as their exercise. The outcome was positive and it was realized that 65% of the
Basic two learners performed well. This shows that, the interventions have helped to
improve upon the spelling skills of the learners. It is therefore recommended that; teachers
should do their best to organize quizzes with other schools on English dictation for this will
make English dictation become interesting among learners. Also, in-service training
workshops should be organized for teachers in order to equip them with effective ways of
teaching in class especially with learners who have poor spelling skills.
III
ACKNOWLEDEMENT
I acknowledge the efforts of my supervisor Mrs. Adom Mawunyo Faith of St. Francis
College of Education for her immense contributions, corrections and for having time for me
throughout my project work successfully.
Again, I appreciate the efforts made by my parents, Mr. Afenyo Peter and Miss.
Ntsuley Celestine and my siblings for their moral, spiritual and financial support.
I also render my gratitude to my friends who have contributed in one way or the other
to the success of this work.
IV
DEDICATION
I dedicate this to my Parents Mr. and Mrs. Afenyo and all loved ones who have
contributed greatly to my Education.
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
DECLARATION ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
DEDICATION v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES viii
ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background to the study 1
Statement of the Problem 3
Purpose of the Study 4
Research Questions 4
Significance of the study 4
Delimitations of the study 5
Limitation of the Study 5
Organization of the Rest of the Study 5
TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Concept of Spelling 7
The Causes of Spelling Errors 8
Effects of spelling errors 9
Strategies Used to Teach Spelling 10
Relevant materials used in teaching to improve spelling skills 11
VI
THREE: METHODOLOGY
Research Design 15
Population 16
Sample and Sampling Procedure 16
Research Instrument 17
Data Collection Procedure 18
Data Analysis Plan 21
FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Demography of Respondents 22
Discussion of Research Questions 25
Summary of Discussions 26
FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary 28
Summary of Key Findings 28
Conclusions 29
Recommendations 30
Areas for Further Research 31
REFERENCES 32
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A 34
APPENDIX B 35
APPENDIX C 36
VII
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
1. Gender of Respondents 22
2. Pre-test Results 23
3. Post-test Result 23
4. Teachers Responses on the number of times spelling is taught 24
5. Pupils Performance in spelling exercise during the Pre-test 24
6. Teachers Responses on the causes of spelling difficulty 25
VIII

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DECLARATION

Name: …………………………………………. Index number: ………………………...

Signature: ....................................... Date: ………………………………….

Supervisor’s Name: ………………………………………………………………………….

Signature: ................................................. Date: ……………………………………

throughout my project work successfully.

to the success of this work.

contributed greatly to my Education.

LIST OF TABLES viii

Background to the study 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Purpose of the Study 4

Significance of the study 4

Delimitations of the study 5

Limitation of the Study 5

Organization of the Rest of the Study 5

TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The Concept of Spelling 7

The Causes of Spelling Errors 8

Effects of spelling errors 9

Strategies Used to Teach Spelling 10

Relevant materials used in teaching to improve spelling skills 11

Sample and Sampling Procedure 16

Data Collection Procedure 18

Data Analysis Plan 21

FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Discussion of Research Questions 25

FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Key Findings 28

Areas for Further Research 31

4. Teachers Responses on the number of times spelling is taught 24

5. Pupils Performance in spelling exercise during the Pre-test 24

6. Teachers Responses on the causes of spelling difficulty 25

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