PERFUME PRODUCTION

Mohammed Muthanna Mahmood Al-humadi

Üsküdar University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences,
Department of Chemical Engineering (English), 34662, Üsküdar,
Istanbul, Turkey
mohammedmm191719@gmail.com

Introduction Hypothesis
Perfume is much more than just spritzing on a pleasant fragrance. The creation 1- Integration of techniques: combining several extraction techniques to
of perfumes is an intriguing process that blends science and creativity. Getting improve selectivity and efficiency.
the aromatic elements is the first step. These might be synthetic, made in 2- Bio-based solvents: discovering biodegradable and sustainable substitutes for
laboratories, or natural, like essential oils from flowers and plants. Then, using the conventional organic extraction solvents.
a variety of techniques including solvent extraction or steam distillation, these 3- Reduced energy consumption: maximising extraction methods to reduce
aromatic components are painstakingly removed. energy use.

Purpose of the thesis Traditional perfume extraction methods

1- Enhancement and personal expression Steam distillation
2- Deliver the Fragrance Effectively: obtaining essential oils from plants, including flowers, leaves, and other
A. Concentration: Perfumes are formulated to have a specific concentration of materials. The delicate scent molecules of the plant material are preserved by
fragrance oils, ensuring a long-lasting and noticeable scent experience. the relatively mild process of steam distillation.
B. Delivery Systems: Chemical engineers play a crucial role in developing
methods to deliver the fragrance over time. This might involve encapsulation Advantages: Disadvantages:
technologies or materials that slowly release the fragrance molecules. 1- Gentle process 1- Heat exposure
C. Stability: Ensuring the fragrance remains pleasant and doesn't degrade 2- Wide applicability 2- Not ideal for all
significantly during storage or upon contact with skin is another essential 3- High yield materials
aspect of perfume production.

Types of perfume by concentration

Enfleurage
classic French technique that works especially well with delicate flowers whose
scent is easily ruined by heat.

Advantages:
Disadvantages:
1- High-quality results
1- Labour intensive
2- Suitable for heat
2- Time-consuming
sensitive materials
3- Low yield
3- Natural process

Solvent Extraction
It extracts essential oils from plant material using a liquid that has the ability to
Types of perfume by fragrance
dissolve the desired aroma molecules.
Disadvantages:
Advantages:
1- Environmental
1- Efficiency
impact
2- Versatility
2- Risk of scent
3- High yield
alteration

Emerging sustainable extraction technology

Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)

This process uses a material such as carbon dioxide, a solvent when it is at a
pressure and temperature above its critical point.

Advantages: Disadvantages:
1- Selectivity 1- Very expensive
Ingredients of perfume
2- Solvent recycling 2- High power
1- Fragrance Notes 3- High-quality consumption
2- Alcohol: it guarantees that the aroma notes develop correctly and permits extracts 3- High pressure
the perfume to be applied evenly.
3- Fixatives: to extend the perfume by slowing down the fragrance components'
Conclusion
evaporation, such as: resins and musk [1].
1- The role that chemical engineering plays in all phases of the creation of
scent, particularly in terms of streamlining extraction procedures.
2- The various ways chemical engineers might improve fragrance production.
For example, by making it more environmentally friendly, economically
viable, and durable.
3- The future of the perfume industry could be shaped by the possibilities of
smart delivery systems and the impact of aroma on mood.

Reference
[1] https://www.smallflower.com/blogs/news/niche-fragrance-beginners-guide