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    Java Lesson 5

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    egankian797

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Java Lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    egankian797
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    3 views4 pages

    Java Lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    egankian797

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Content

    Java Lesson 5 • Java Math


    ➢ Math Functions
    Java From Scratch
    ➢ Random Numbers

    • Java Booleans
    ➢ Boolean Values
    ➢ Boolean Expression
    ➢ Real Life Example
    Java Math
    The Java Math class has many methods that allows you to perform mathematical tasks on numbers.

    Math.max(x,y) Math.min(x,y)
    The Math.max(x,y) method can be used to find The Math.min(x,y) method can be used to find the

    the highest value of x and y: lowest value of x and y:

    Example Example
    Math.max(5, 10); Math.min(5, 10);

    Math.sqrt(x) Math.abs(x)
    The Math.sqrt(x) method returns the square The Math.abs(x) method returns the absolute
    root of x: (positive) value of x:

    Example Example
    Math.sqrt(64); Math.abs(-4.7);

    Random Numbers
    Math.random() returns a random number between 0.0 (inclusive), and 1.0 (exclusive):
    Example
    Math.random();

    To get more control over the random number, for example, if you only want a random number between
    0 and 100, you can use the following formula:

    Example
    int randomNum = (int)(Math.random() * 101); // 0 to 100

    Exercise:

    Use the correct method to find the highest value of x and y.

    int x = 5;
    int y = 10;
    Math. (x, y);
    Java Booleans
    Very often, in programming, you will need a data type that can only have one of two values, like:
    • YES / NO
    • ON / OFF
    • TRUE / FALSE
    For this, Java has a boolean data type, which can store true or false values.

    Boolean Values
    A boolean type is declared with the boolean keyword and can only take the values true or false:
    Example
    boolean isJavaFun = true;
    boolean isFishTasty = false;
    System.out.println(isJavaFun); // Outputs true
    System.out.println(isFishTasty); // Outputs false

    However, it is more common to return boolean values from boolean expressions, for conditional
    testing (see below).

    Boolean Expression
    A Boolean expression returns a boolean value: true or false.
    This is useful to build logic, and find answers.
    For example, you can use a comparison operator, such as the greater than (>) operator, to find out if
    an expression (or a variable) is true or false:
    Example
    int x = 10;
    int y = 9;
    System.out.println(x > y); // returns true, because 10 is higher than 9

    Or even easier:
    Example
    System.out.println(10 > 9); // returns true, because 10 is higher than 9

    In the examples below, we use the equal to (==) operator to evaluate an expression:
    Example
    int x = 10;
    System.out.println(x == 10); // returns true, because the value of x is equal to 10
    Example
    System.out.println(10 == 15); // returns false, because 10 is not equal to 15
    Real Life Example

    Let's think of a "real life example" where we need to find out if a person is old enough to vote.

    In the example below, we use the >= comparison operator to find out if the age (25) is greater
    than OR equal to the voting age limit, which is set to 18:
    Example
    int myAge = 25;
    int votingAge = 18;
    System.out.println(myAge >= votingAge);

    Cool, right? An even better approach (since we are on a roll now), would be to wrap the code above in
    an if...else statement, so we can perform different actions depending on the result:

    Example
    Output "Old enough to vote!" if myAge is greater than or equal to 18. Otherwise output "Not old
    enough to vote.":

    int myAge = 25;


    int votingAge = 18;

    if (myAge >= votingAge) {


    System.out.println("Old enough to vote!");
    } else {
    System.out.println("Not old enough to vote.");
    }

    Booleans are the basis for all Java comparisons and conditions.

    Exercise:

    Fill in the missing parts to print the values true and false:

    isJavaFun = true;

    isFishTasty = false;
    System.out.println(isJavaFun);
    System.out.println(isFishTasty);

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