LEARNING PLAN IN DISASTER READINESS & RISK REDUCTION (DRRR)

April 29, 2022

I. TOPIC:
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS
II. CONTENT STANDARD:
The learners demonstrate understanding of potential hydro-meteorological hazards such as
typhoon, thunderstorm, flash flood, flood, storm surge, el niňo and la niňa.
III. PERFORMANCE STANDARD:
The learners develop a family emergency preparedness plan to guide them on what to do before,
during and after the occurrence of events that cause hydro-meteorological hazards.
IV. ESSENTIAL UNDERSTANDING:
The students will understand that
V. ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

VI. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. Define hydro-meteorological hazards;
2. Give types of hydro-meteorological hazards;
3. Familiarize and differentiate one hydro-meteorological hazard from one another;
4. Identify the type of hydro-meteorological hazard based from its given characteristics;
5. Develop a family emergency preparedness plan to guide them on what to do before, during and after
the occurrence of events that cause hydro-meteorological hazards;
6. Appreciate the importance of being prepared all the time; and
7. Participate actively in class discussion.
VII. Procedure/Learning Process

Teacher’s Activity Learners’ Activity

A. Explore
Stand up everybody.
Kate, will you please lead the prayer. In the name of the Father, the son, And the Holy Spirit,
Amen.

Our Father, Who art in heaven,

Hollowed be your name,
your kingdom come,
You will be done on Earth as it is in Heaven

Give us this day, our daily bread

And forgive our sins
As we forgive those who sin against us
And lead us not into temptation
But deliver us from evil, Amen.
Good afternoon, class! Good afternoon Ma’am Sena.
 Good afternoon classmates. It is nice to see you again.
Before you take your seats, pick up those pieces of paper
and arrange your chairs properly.
Who are the absentees today? None Ma’am!

Well that’s good to hear.

 REVIEW
Last time, we discussed all about geological hazards.
What have you learned about our last topic, Daena? I have learned that geological hazards are extreme natural
events in the crust of the earth that pose a threat to life and
property.
That’s right! How about the two types of geological
hazards that we’ve discussed?
The two types of geological hazards that we’ve discussed
are rainfall-induced landslide and sinkholes.
Correct! The two types of geological hazards that
we’ve discussed are rainfall-induced landslide and
sinkholes. And, what is rainfall induced landside, yes,
Cora. Induced landslide is a common geologic hazards that can
happen within minutes and occur at the wide range of
spatial and temporal scale
That’s right! How about sinkholes as geological
hazards? Yes, Fety? Sinkholes are depressions of the ground that has no natural
external surface drainage.

Impressive! How about the cause of induced landslide?

Yes, Ben? The possible causes of induced landslides are weathering
of strata, increased pore water pressure and increase
loading of rainfall.

That’s also correct! How about sinkholes, Frank?

Sinkholes are most likely to happen when there is drought
along with high groundwater withdrawals.
Excellent! It seems that all of you studied our last lesson
very well.

At this juncture, you will be having a pre-assessment

before proceeding to our next activity.
Okay, Ma’am.

 Pre-Assessment
Direction: Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter
of the correct answer.

 MOTIVATION & PRESENTATION OF THE

LESSON
At this moment, we have an activity entitled “WHO
AM I?” What you’re going to do is to guess the
name of the following pictures that I am going to
present. intestine
Did you understand?
Okay. Let’s start.

mouth

You got it all right! Very good, class!

Based on the activity that we had, what have you noticed

from the pictures?
Ma’am I can say that some of the pictures are foods like
the banana and the brocolli.
Yes, you are right! Some of the pictures shown are
foods. How about you, Rye?
Ma’am, I’ve notice that some of the pictures are parts of
digestive system. .
Absolutely! Some of the pictures are parts of the
digestive system and some are pictures of foods.

B. FIRM UP
From the activity that we had earlier, what do you think
would be topic for today since the pictures are parts of
the digestive system and some are foods. Yes, Anton?

I think mam our topic is all about the interaction of the

food and the parts of digestive system, of how the food
You’re right, Anton! We are going to discuss the
flows inside the digestive system.
digestive system and how food flows inside the digestive
system.

But before that, let us define hydro-meteorological

hazards. Yes, Roana.
Hydro-meteorological hazards are taken from wide variety
of meteorological, hydrological and climate phenomena.
Correct! How about the causes of hydro-meteorological
hazards? Yes, Rovic?
 These are caused by extreme meteorological and climate
events such as flood, drought, hurricane, tornados,
That is right! Among those given hydro-meteorological
landslides, or mudslide.
hazards mentioned, what are type of hazards that we
Filipinos most likely experience? Can you guess, Riana?
Ma’am we mostly experience flood, drought, landslides,
and mudslide
Good guess, Riana! We mostly experience flood,
drought, landslides, and mudslide since we are in the .
Philippines, hurricanes and tornados are rare cases.
How about the other type of hydro-meteorological
hazards that we could experience? Yes, shane.

Ma’am I think we also do have typhoon, thunderstorm,

Very good, shane! And now, let’s get into deeper and storm surge and la niňa.
more detailed discussion for such hazards. Let’s start
with typhoon.

What is typhoon? Yes, Ron.

That’s correct! What is your idea about typhoon? Yes, Typhoon is a giant rotating storm that brings wind, rain
Raphael. and destruction
It is mature tropical cyclone that develops between 180°
Excellent, Raphael. Since you’ve mentioned Northern and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere.
hemisphere, why do you think this region is referred to
as Northwestern Pacific Basin, Eros?

This region is referred to as Northwestern Pacific Basin,

and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth,
accounting for almost one-third of the world’s annual
You are right, Eros! How typhoon forms? tropical cyclones.
A typhoon forms when wind blows into areas of the ocean
where the water is warm. These winds collect moisture
and rise, while colder air moves in below. This creates
pressure, which causes the wind to move very quickly.
The wind rotates and spins around a center called an eye.
Nice explanation, Eros! How about you Ken, can you
give the possible effects of typhoon?
The effects range from structural damage to trees,
watercraft, and buildings to both immediate and long-term
impacts on human life and livelihood.
Great answer, Ken! Let us now proceed to the types of .
typhoon. Pia, What is the first type of typhoon and
kindly give its characteristics?

Severe tropical storm (STS) – a tropical cyclone with the

Okay that’s right! We have STS as the first type, how maximum wind speed of 87 to 117 kph or 48-63 knots.
about the second one, Ed?

Typhoon (TY) – a tropical cyclone with the maximum

wind speed of 118 to 184 kph or 64-99 knots.
Very good, ed! And how about the third and last type of
typhoon? Yes, paul?

Super Typhoon (STY) - a tropical cyclone with the

maximum wind speed exceeding 185 kph or more than
That is right Paul. Let’s proceed to the next one, the
100 knots.
thunderstorm. Can you give some characteristics of
thunderstorm, Lee?

Thunderstorm also known as electrical storm or lightning

 storm is characterized by the presence of lightning and its
acoustic effect on Earth’s atmosphere.
Correct! Aside from that, what are the other
characteristics of thunderstorm that you know Mark?
Thunderstorm is a localized storm accompanied by
You’re right! What is the temperature of the surface for lightning, thunder, a dense clouds, heavy rain or hail and
a thunderstorm to occur, Mj? strong gusty winds.

The surface dewpoint needs to be 55° Fahrenheit or

Very Good, Mj! Can you now give the types of the greater for thunderstorm to occur, Ma’am,
thunderstorm, V?

Excellent, V! Let us now move onto the first type of The four types of thunderstorm are single-cell, multi-cell,
thunderstorm. Can you give some information about it, squall-line and super cell.
Dina?

Single cell refers as popcorn or pop-up thunderstorm.

They are commonly found in the spring and summer, and
Yes, you’re right! How about the multi-cell can bring brief periods of heavy rain and hail.
thunderstorm, katt?

Multi-cell thunderstorm is a combination of multiple

single cell thunderstorms. These thunderstorms contain the
usual hail and gusty winds and the threat of flooding is
Great! Can you know explain what the word ‘training’
greater.
means in multi-cell thunderstorm?

Training happens when significant amounts of rain

Impressive! Let’s now talked about squall line continuously move over the same area that leads to
thunderstorm. Can you now give some characteristic of flooding.
it, Kye?

Squall line is intense line of thunderstorms that can span

hundreds of miles. This type of thunderstorm can results to
heavy rain, hail, lightning and tornados, but the biggest
Very well said, Kye! And now, let’s proceed to super treat with these can be damaging straight line winds.
cell thunderstorm, yes Lyn?

Supercell thunderstorm is the king of the thunderstorms. It

can generate other modes of severe weather, including
That is right, Lyn! And now that we are done with
flash flooding, damaging winds and very large hail. It is
thunderstorm and the types of thunderstorm, let us now
the least type of thunderstorm but easily the most intense.
proceed to the flood. What do you mean by flood, Jim?
It can lasts for hours.

Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster and

occur when an overflow of water submerges land that is
You got it all correct, Jim! And what are the causes of usually dry.
floods, Ina?

Flood is often caused by dams and levees breaking, heavy

Nice answer, Ina! We have 4 types of flooding which rainfall, rapid snowmelt or a storm surge from tropical
are river floods, coastal flood, groundwater flood and cyclone or tsunami in coastal areas.
drain and sewer floods. Can you give the characteristics
of river floods, Neo?

River floods occur when the water levels exceeds its

capacity and run over river banks as a result of heavy
Very good! How about coastal floods, Fin? rains.
 Coastal floods occur around when there is extreme
weather and when tides get very high.
Impressive, Fin! How groundwater flood, Anthony?
Groundwater flood takes time to occur. As rain falls over
an extended period, the ground becomes saturated with
water until it cannot absorb any ore. When this happen,
water rises above the ground’s surface and causes
flooding.
Excellent, Anthony! How long can a groundwater flood
lasts, Lea?
This can lasts for weeks and even months.
Very good, Lea! And now, let us talk about drain and
sewer flooding. Yes, Pau?
Drain and sewer flooding is not attributed to the weather
as well as rainfall. These normally occur as a result of a
That’s right, pau! And now that we are done with floods blockage or similar failure within the drainage system.
and the types of floods. Let’s now proceed to flash
floods. Yes, nikko?
Flash flood is an excessive amount of rain in a short
period of time usually within 6 hours. It is very dangerous
Absolutely correct! And what are the causes of flash flood that could happen with little or no warning.
floods, jio?

It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe

thunderstorm, hurricane, tropical storm, or melt water
from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields.
Correct! You all got it right! And how about the effects
flash floods, Nina?
The effects of flash flood are loss of lives and property.
The immediate impacts of flooding include loss of human
life, damage to property, destruction of crops, loss of
livestock, non-functioning of infrastructure facilities and
deterioration of health condition owing to waterborne
That’s correct! And now, what do you think are the diseases.
difference between flood and flash flood, Via?
Flooding is longer term event than flash flooding. It may
last days or weeks while flash floods generally take less
Very good! Now, let’s proceed to the next type of than 6 hours.
hydro-meteorological hazards, the storm surge? Yes,
Amia? Storm surge is an abnormal rise of water generated by a
storm. Storm surge is different from the storm tide that
happens when water level rise due to the combination of
storm surge and the astronomical tide.
Impressive! What are the possible effects of storm surge,
Manly?
Storm surge can lead to excessive flooding and are
dangerous for people living in many coastal areas.
That’s right! And did you know that the world record for
storm surge is 13m, occurring during landfall of
Tropical Cyclone (TC) Mahina in Northeast Australia
March 1899.

Let’s now get into el niňo and la niňa. First, what is El

niňo, Sara? El niňo is a naturally occurring climate pattern associated
with warming of the ocean surface temperatures in the
central and eastern tropical pacific ocean.
Great! And did you know that El niňo means Little Boy
or Christ Child in Spanish. South Aerican fishermen first
noticed periods of unusually warm water in the Pacific
ocean in the 1600s.
All correct! Now, how el niňo happens, Xyl? El niňo occurs when warm water builds up along the
equator in the eastern Pacific. The warm ocean surface
warms the atmosphere, which allows moisture-rich air to
rise and develop into rainstorms.

Very good! And now, what is the difference between El El niňo events are associated with a warming of the central
niňo and La niňa, Chloe? and eastern tropical Pacific, while La niňa events are
reverse, with a sustained cooling of these same areas.

All correct! It seems that you all now understand Yes, Ma’am everything’s clear.
everything for today’s topic. Everything’s clear?

C. DEEPEN
 GENERALIZATION Okay, Ma’am.
Again, what is digestive system? Yes, coral?

That’s correct! What are the types of digestive system?

Can you give the four types, Via?
I think Ma’am the cause of lactose intolerance is lactose,
itself. Maybe the lactose is not fully digested inside the
Very good! Now, what are the two types of digestion? stomach.
Yes, Amia?
Impressive! What are the parts of digestive system,
Kim? I think Ma’am the symptoms of that disease are diarrhea,
gas, abdominal cramps and being bloated.

That’s right! What are the structures of the mouth,

Candy?
Since the said disease is because of lactose maybe the
doctor will be given the patient a supplement that could
Alright! What is the difference between small and large digest or break the lactose, Ma’am. And another thing,
intestine, Jen? maybe he will advise the patient to replace the regular
milk with lactose free or dairy-fee milk.

Great! What about the digestive’s accessory organs, Another GI disease is chronic diarrhea. The cause of this
Francine? disease is large number of intestinal infections. One of the
symptoms is that it passes watery, mushy or loose stools
All correct! Now, what are the common digestive that last more than 4 weeks. Treatments for this disease
diseases, Xyl? are taking steroids, antibiotics, pain killers and
antidiarrheal.

What are healthful practices that could help everyone

from having GI diseases? Yes, Ma’am. Gallstones happen when the bile has a high
concentration of bilirubin and cholesterol. Some of the
symptoms are indigestion, diarrhea, burpimg, dark urine,
vomiting and nausea. Usually the treatment for gallstones
is surgery.

Liver disease usually gets from drinking alcohol. Some of

the symptoms are having itchy skin, fatigue, vomiting,
swollen abdomen and legs and loss of appetite. In terms of
treatment, one should avoid drinking alcohol, embracing
low -fat and liver -friendly diet.

Awesome, you got it all correct! And it seems that you

Chronic pancreatitis is usually because of drinking too
are so much ready for our activities for today!
much alcohol, smoking cigarettes, obesity and abdominal
injury. Some of the symptoms are abdominal pain, back
Okay, so we are going to conduct your long test and pain, nausea and vomiting. In terms of treatment, it
after 20 minutes you are going to pass your answers. includes fasting, infusion of IV fluids and pain
medications.

LONG QUIZ. Ma’am we should eat a high-fiber foods. It would be

better if you could get both soluble and insoluble fiber.
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter
Ma’am I think we should minimize our intake of foods
of the correct answer.
high in fat and select lean meat if we are going to eat meat.

I think Ma’am we could also add probiotics in our diet,

1. It is the body system that involves in chewing and
drink plenty of water and follow a regular eating schedule.
digesting of food.
a. Respiratory system
b. Digestive system
c. Excretory system

2. It is the process wherein food is broken down into

small molecules.
a. respiration
Digestive system is a body system that involves in
b. digestion
chewing and digesting food.
c. excretion

3. It is mouth’s structure that breakdown food into The four types of digestive system are mono-gastric,
small pieces. avian, ruminant and pseudo-ruminant.
a. tongue
b. teeth The two types of digestion are intracellular and
c. epiglottis extracellular digestion.

4. It is mouth’s structure that contains taste buds. The parts of digestive system are mouth, pharynx,
a. Tongue esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine,
b. Teeth rectum and anus.
c. Epiglottis
The structures of the mouth are teeth, epiglottis and
5. It is a gland that secretes saliva. tongue.
a. Salivary gland
b. Pituitary gland
c. Hypothalamus gland Small intestine is for absorption for nutrients while large
intestine is the temporary storage for the waste materials
6. It is a ball- shaped mass of food. and reabsorbs eater from the undigested foods.
a. bolus The digestive accessory organs are salivary gland, liver,
b. bulos pancreas and gallbladder.
c. lobus

7. It is the common passage way for digestion and

The common digestive diseases are lactose intolerance,
respiration.
chronic diarrhea, gallstones, liver disease and acute
a. pharynx
pancreatitis.
b. esophagus
c. stomach
Some of the healthful practices to prevent having GI
8. It is the wave-like contraction moving through the Diseases are the following:
muscle of the internal organs.
 We should eat a high-fiber foods. It would be
a. peristalsis
better if you could get both soluble and insoluble
b. oasis
fibers.
c. pirestalsis
 We should minimize our intake of foods high in
fat and select lean meat if we are going to eat
9. It is a muscular, elastic, pear-shaped organ that
meat.
stores the swallowed food.
 We could also add probiotics in our diet, drink
a. pharynx
plenty of water and follow a regular eating
b. esophagus
schedule.
c. stomach
10. It is an organ of complete digestion and absorption.
a. Small intestine
b. Large intestine
c. esophagus Okay, Ma’am.

A. ENUMERATION
Directions: Enumerate the following:

1-2. Types of digestion

-
-
3-4. Phases of digestion
-
-
5-8. Types of Digestive system
-
-
- b. Digestive system
-
9-10. Accessory Organs
-
-

C. MATCHING TYPE
b. digestion

Directions: Read the following carefully. Match

Column A to Column B. Write your answers before
each number

b. teeth

a. tongue

a. Salivary gland

a. bolus

b. pharynx

D. TRANSFER
For your performance task, group yourselves into four. a.peristalsis
And, what you are going to do is to make and present an
analysis from the data gathered on diseases resulting to
nutrient deficiency. I will give you 15 minutes to have a
research on your chosen Digestive disease and have a
detailed examination. Your analysis should contain the
causes, symptoms, detections, and treatment of the
disease. It also much been better if you are going to add c. stomach
some real-life situation wherein someone already
experience such disease. Everything’s clear?

a. small intestine
The criteria for judging are the following;

1. Intracellular Digestion
2. Extracellular digestion
3. Mechanical
4. Chemical
5. Mono-gastric
6. Avian
7. Ruminant
The highest possible score you can get is 30 points. Any 8. Pseudo-ruminant
questions? 9. Salivary gland
10. Liver

 ASSIGNMENT
Directions: Answer the following in one-half sheet of
paper.

1. Aside from the healthful practices that we discussed,

think of the other healthful practices that we could
follow.

2. Asks someone who already suffered from any 1. B

digestive diseases and do some questioning and sort of
2. H
interview.
3. C
4. A
3. Study the next topic Heredity: Inheritance and
Variation of Trait. 5. E
6. F
Do you have any questions and clarifications? 7. J
8. C
So, if there is none. Stand up everybody and goodbye. 9. I
10. D
Yes, Ma’am.

None, Ma’am.

None, Ma’am.

Goodbye Ma’am.
Goodbye Classmates.

Prepared by;
Rose Marie Jean C. Sena