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Work and Energy

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Work and Energy

Ch.6 & 7
• 1. 6.13 Adult cheetahs, the fastest of the great cats, have a mass of about 70 kg and have been clocked running
at up to 72 mph. (a) How many joules of kinetic energy does such a swift cheetah have? (b) By what factor
would its kinetic energy change if its speed were doubled?
• 2. 6.79 You are asked to design spring bumpers for the walls of a
parking garage. A freely rolling 1200-kg car moving at 0.65 m/s is to
compress the spring no more than 0.090 m before stopping. What
should be the force constant of the spring? Assume that the spring has
negligible mass.
• 3.6.23 A sled with mass 8.00 kg moves in a straight line on a
frictionless horizontal surface. At one point in its path, its speed is 4.00
m/s; after it has traveled 2.50 m beyond this point, its speed is
6.00m/s. Use the work–energy theorem to find the force acting on the
sled, assuming that this force is constant and that it acts in the
direction of the sled’s motion.
• 4. 7.14An ideal spring of negligible mass is 12.00 cm long when
nothing is attached to it. When you hang a 3.15-kg weight from it, you
measure its length to be 13.40 cm. If you wanted to store 10.0 J of
potential energy in this spring, what would be its total length? Assume
that it continues to obey Hooke’s law.
• 5. 7.15 A force of 800 N stretches a certain spring a distance of 0.200
m. (a) What is the potential energy of the spring when it is stretched
0.200 m? (b) What is its potential energy when it is compressed 5.00
cm?
• 6. 7.17A spring stores potential energy U0 when it is compressed a
distance x0 from its uncompressed length. (a) In terms of U0 how
much energy does it store when it is compressed (i) twice as much and
(ii) half as much? (b) In terms of x0 how much must it be compressed
from its uncompressed length to store (i) twice as much energy and (ii)
half as much energy?
Assignment

• 7. 7.16Tendons are strong elastic fibers that attach muscles to


bones. To a reasonable approximation, they obey Hooke’s law. In
laboratory tests on a particular tendon, it was found that, when a
250-g object was hung from it, the tendon stretched 1.23 cm. (a)
Find the force constant of this tendon in N/m. (b) Because of its
thickness, the maximum tension this tendon can support without
rupturing is 138 N. By how much can the tendon stretch without
rupturing, and how much energy is stored in it at that point?
Assignment
• 8. 6.16(a) In the Bohr model of the atom, the ground-state electron
in hydrogen has an orbital speed of 2190 km/s. What is its kinetic
energy? (b) If you drop a 1.0-kg weight (about 2 lb) from a height of
1.0 m, how many joules of kinetic energy will it have when it
reaches the ground? (c) Is it reasonable that a 30-kg child could
run fast enough to have 100 J of kinetic energy?

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