Experiments Results

Three Strain - Gauges Experiments Matlab Results
Tension Experiment No. (1) Results

===========================
Main Assumptions
==============
(1) Axial Strains : ε1 = ε3 = εa(max)
(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –νεa(max)

Cross – Section : A = 20 mm² = (b × h = 10 × 2) mm2.
E = 191000 N/mm2. (Modulus of elasticity)
ν = 0.305. (Poisson’s ratio)
GF = 2.05. (Gauge Factor of the strain – gauge)
The Experimental (Reading) and Theoritical Results Table :
=============================================
Load Reading ε (Reading) ε (Theory) σ (Reading) σ (Theory) ε (Error) σ (Error)

-6 -6
(N) (mV/V) × 10 × 10 (MPa) (MPa) (%) (%)
0 0 0 0 0 0 – –
5 0.002 1.4952 1.3089 0.28558 0.25000 12.4590 12.4590
10 0.004 2.9904 2.6178 0.57116 0.50000 12.4590 12.4590
15 0.006 4.4856 3.9267 0.85674 0.75000 12.4590 12.4590
20 0.008 5.9807 5.2356 1.1423 1.0000 12.4590 12.4590
25 0.010 7.4759 6.5445 1.4279 1.2500 12.4590 12.4590
30 0.012 8.9711 7.8534 1.7135 1.5000 12.4590 12.4590
35 0.014 10.4660 9.1623 1.9991 1.7500 12.4590 12.4590
40 0.016 11.9610 10.4710 2.2846 2.0000 12.4590 12.4590
45 0.018 13.4570 11.7800 2.5702 2.2500 12.4590 12.4590
50 0.020 14.9520 13.0890 2.8558 2.5000 12.4590 12.4590
Remember that :
Hooke's Law is expressed as :
σ τ
For axial loading : E= , For Shear :G=
ε γ
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The Graphical Results

=================
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Elapsed time is 1.267693 seconds.

The current date and time :
November 09, 2024 ===> 01:33:24.770
Pure Bending Experiment No. (2) (Surface Measurement) Results
=================================================
Main Assumptions
==============
(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –εa(max)

Cross – Section : A = 93.8125 mm² = (b × h = 19.75 × 4.75) mm2
Lever arm = 250 mm.
The area moment of inertia, I (the second moment of area) in [mm4] for the rectangular
cross – section about the axis perpendicular to the xy – in–plane is :
I = 176.3870442708 mm4 = [(bh3) / 12] = [(19.75 × 4.753) / 12] mm4.
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The bending moment, Mb or M in (N.mm) is :
{}
0
250
375
500
625
M b= 750 ( N . mm )
875
1000
1125
1250
1375
1500

=============================================
Loa Mb Readi ε ε σ σ (Theory) ε (Error) σ (Error)

d (N.m) ng (Reading) (Theory) (Reading) (MPa) (%) (%)
-6 -6
(N) (mV/V) × 10 × 10 (MPa)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – –
15.610 16.02
1.0 0.25 0.032 3.2780 3.3662 2.6884 2.6884
0 90
0.37 23.415 24.04
1.5 0.048 4.9171 5.0493 2.6884 2.6884
5 0 40
0.50 31.220 32.05
2.0 0.064 6.5561 6.7324 2.6884 2.6884
0 0 90
0.62 39.024 40.07
2.5 0.080 8.1951 8.4154 2.6884 2.6884
5 0 40
0.75 46.829 48.08 10.099
3.0 0.096 9.8341 2.6884 2.6884
0 0 80 0
0.87 54.634 56.10 11.473 11.782
3.5 0.112 2.6884 2.6884
5 0 30 0 0
1.00 62.439 64.118 13.112 13.465
4.0 0.128 2.6884 2.6884
0 0 0 0 0
1.12 70.244 72.13 14.751 15.148
4.5 0.144 2.6884 2.6884
5 0 20 0 0
1.25 78.049 80.14 16.390 16.831
5.0 0.160 2.6884 2.6884
0 0 70 0 0
1.37 85.854 88.16 18.029 18.514
5.5 0.176 2.6884 2.6884
5 0 20 0 0
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1.50 93.659 96.17 19.668 20.197

6.0 0.192 2.6884 2.6884
0 0 60 0 0
Remember that :
σ τ
ε γ

=================
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November 09, 2024 ===> 07:46:15.187
Pure Torsion Experiment No. (3) (Surface Measurement) Results θ = ± 45°
========================================================
Main Assumptions
==============
(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –εa(max)
(3) Max. Shear Strain : for the pure torsion case ; γ(max) = 2εa(max) @ θ = θP = ± 45°
Lever arm = 100 mm.
d = 10 mm. (Round bar diameter)
r = 5 mm. (Round bar radius)
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Cross – Section : A = 78.5398163398 mm² = [πr² = (π / 4)d² = (π / 4) × 10²] mm2.

Calculation the modulus of rigidity, G in (N/mm²) :
Since; E = 2G(1 + ν)
Therefore : G = E / [2(1 + ν)]
G = 82031.25 N/mm2. (Modulus of rigidity)
The area polar moment of inertia, J (the second moment of area) in (mm4) for the
circular cross – section bar is :
J = 981.7477042468 mm4 = [(π / 32)d4 = (π / 32) × 104)] mm4.
The torsional moment (torque), Mt or T in (N.mm) about the longitudinal (centroidal)
axis is :
{}
0
500
1000
1500
2000
M t = 2500 ( N . mm )
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000

=============================================
Mt Readin γ τ τ γ
Load γ (Theory) τ (Error)
(N)
(N.m g (Reading)
× 10 -6 (Reading) (Theory) (Error)
(%)
) (mV/V) × 10-6 (MPa) (MPa) (%)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – –
33.171 31.043 6.415
5 0.50 0.034 2.7210 2.5465 6.4151
0 0 1
66.341 62.086 6.415
10 1.00 0.068 5.4421 5.0930 6.4151
0 0 1
99.512 93.128 6.415
15 1.50 0.102 8.1631 7.6394 6.4151
0 0 1
20 2.00 0.136 132.68 124.17 10.884 10.186 6.415 6.4151
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0 0 1
165.85 155.21 6.415
25 2.50 0.170 13.605 12.732 6.4151
0 0 1
199.02 186.26 6.415
30 3.00 0.204 16.326 15.279 6.4151
0 0 1
232.20 217.30 6.415
35 3.50 0.238 19.047 17.825 6.4151
0 0 1
265.37 248.34 6.415
40 4.00 0.272 21.768 20.372 6.4151
0 0 1
298.54 279.39 6.415
45 4.50 0.306 24.489 22.918 6.4151
0 0 1
331.71 310.43 6.415
50 5.00 0.340 27.210 25.465 6.4151
0 0 1
Remember that :
σ τ
ε γ

=================
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November 09, 2024 ===> 10:18:49.300
Prepared by :
Eng. Sulaiman Muhammad EL Majdub
November 09, 2024 11:15 AM
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Three Strain - Gauges Experiments Matlab Results

Tension Experiment No. (1) Results

(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –νεa(max)

Load Reading ε (Reading) ε (Theory) σ (Reading) σ (Theory) ε (Error) σ (Error)

The Graphical Results

Elapsed time is 1.267693 seconds.

(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –εa(max)

The bending moment, Mb or M in (N.mm) is :

The Experimental (Reading) and Theoritical Results Table :

Loa Mb Readi ε ε σ σ (Theory) ε (Error) σ (Error)

1.50 93.659 96.17 19.668 20.197

The Graphical Results

Elapsed time is 1.131530 seconds.

(2) Lateral Strains : ε2 = ε4 = –εa(max)

Cross – Section : A = 78.5398163398 mm² = [πr² = (π / 4)d² = (π / 4) × 10²] mm2.

The Experimental (Reading) and Theoritical Results Table :

The Graphical Results

Elapsed time is 1.121693 seconds.

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