Controlled Switching With PSD (Phase Synchronizing Device) : Training Manual

P3_E_B1_0161_1_XDC_A
Aconex No. of Document - Rev.
Controlled switching with PSD

(phase synchronizing device)
Training Manual
Benmore Converter Station
Haywards Converter Station
New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project 700 MW

Transpower New Zealand Ltd. Contract: P3/CT001
Index of Revisions
Rev. Date Revisions Name of Reviser Name of Approver

0 06 Feb 2013 First revision O. Meyer A. von Seck
A 25 Jun 2013 For Construction O. Meyer A. von Seck
Siemens AG, Energy Sector - Power Transmission Solutions
Except as expressly permitted under Contract P3/CT001, copying of this document, and the giving it to others and the use or communica-
tion of the contents thereof, are forbidden without express authority. Offenders are liable to the payment of damages. All rights are re-
served in the event of the grant of patent or registration of a utility model or design.
P3_E_B1_0161_1_XDC_A
Page 2 of 4
Index:
1 General Information .............................................................................................. 4
2 Training Program .................................................................................................. 4
Training Manual New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project

Controlled switching with PSD (phase synchronizing device) Contract: P3/CT001
P3_E_B1_0161_1_XDC_A
Page 3 of 4
NOTE
• The information in this Manual does not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment,
nor to provide for every possible contingency to be met in connection with installation,
operation or maintenance.
• Should further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not
covered sufficiently for the purchaser’s purposes, please contact your local Siemens office.
• Further, the contents of this Manual shall not become a part of nor modify any prior or existing
agreement, commitment or relationship. The sales contract contains the entire obligation of
Siemens. The warranty contained in the contract between the parties is the sole warranty of
Siemens. Any statements contained herein do not create new warranties nor modify the
existing warranty.

P3_E_B1_0161_1_XDC_A
Page 4 of 4
1 General Information
This document describes the training for the Controlled switching with PSD (phase synchronizing
device).
2 Training Program
− Introduction
− Function and integration into control system
− Controlled OPEN operation
− Controlled CLOSE operation
− Alarm signals

P3_E_B1_0161_1_App1_XDC_A
Controlled switching with

PSD (phase synchronizing device)
ENERGY
High Voltage Products
For Transpower internal use only

Disclaimer
Slides are for training purpose only, they are prepared on a general basis
and may not in all cases cover all project specific aspects. Project
specifics will also be shown in the direct on site training and in the
manuals. The manuals also contain important safety instructions which
need to be studied before beginning of the maintenance and inspection
activities.
Page 2 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Agenda
Introduction
Function and integration into control system
Controlled OPEN operation
Controlled CLOSE operation
Alarm signals

Controlled switching with

High-Voltage Circuit-Breakers
RS232/RS485 Interfaces
adjustable 3-phase Push-through current transformer
weight approx. 4 kg, compact housing 3U/9,5“

Hardware
Minimizing electro-dynamic and dielectric

stresses of operational equipment in
high voltage systems by controlled switching
with the control unit PSD by Siemens

General applications
Kind of Load Operation Stress avoided
inductive • Transformer breaking Reignition

• Reactor Overvoltages
making Inrush current
capacitive • Capacitor Bank breaking Reignition

• Transmission Overvoltages
Line
• Cable making Overvoltages
• Filter Inrush current
Reduction of the inrush currents

Decreasing of the mechanical and electro-magnetic stresses of
the operational equipment increasing of life time
Minimizing of overvoltages
Decreasing of the dielectric stress lower aging
Substitution of closing resistors higher reliability

Application for Siemens

High-Voltage Circuit-Breaker
Controlled switching using
interrupter unit: insulating nozzle interrupter unit: double nozzle

operating mechanism: spring operating mechanism: hydraulic
3AP 3AT
8DQ1(P) 8DQ1(T)
8DN9

Software
software for parameterization

and evaluation
password protected function access
switching history
event history
400 events saved
graphical overview
limit value monitoring
adaptive control
compensation of operating times
(linear or vectorial):
temperature, voltage, pressure
2-mode operation with 2 sets of parameters for (ON/OFF)
last 4 switches saved as Oscillogram
selection of trigger source (leading phase)

Diagram
Voltage transformer(s) Current transformer(s) Control room System protection
Measuring values
(Busbar/Load) Measuring values Alarms Commands OPEN/CLOSE Commands
Bypass - Only in coordination

Personal Computer PSD
with the manufacturer!

Commissioning Zero crossing detection
and Calculation of
maintenance Calculation of mechanical operating time
delay time
Data logging and evaluation
Sensors
- Tripping voltage
- Ambient temperature Releases Releases
- Hydraulic pressure (only for hydraulic operating mechanisms) OPEN/CLOSE OPEN
- Reference contact (Protection)
Auxiliary switches
Control voltage
Circuit breaker

Control Unit PSD

Data flow (stand by)
control room
manual tripping/ status

closing command signals
PC interface
PSD circuit-
breaker
VT/CT
- temperature
- auxiliary voltage
zero-crossing calculation solid state - aux. contacts
detector modul output - (hydr.pressure)

Control Unit PSD

Data flow (switching)
control room

PC interface
PSD circuit-
breaker
VT/CT
- temperature
- auxiliary voltage
- reference contact

Control Unit PSD

Data flow (service)
control room

PC interface
PSD circuit-
breaker
VT/CT
- temperature
- auxiliary voltage

Scheme - synchronous breaking operation
Reference Signal = Current through CB
current phase A
1 open command (control room) 5 opening time

2 zero crossing recognition 6 contact separation
3 delay time 7 arcing time
4 controlled command to open coil 8 end of current flow

Influence of PSD Device on

circuit-breaker operating time
90
85% Un(DC-Aux.)
100% Un(DC-Aux.)
80
tclosing / ms
70
60
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
temperature/°C
tbreaker = ϑ,U
ϑ, DC) + f (phydr.)
f (pSF6,ϑ,
control voltage operating energy
circuit-breaker operating time

temperature

Breaking operation
(e.g. of a shunt reactor)
20
i, u c o ntac t d is tanc e
o p tim is e d
no t o p tim is e d
B
A
15
10 vo ltag e ac ro s s
the c irc uit-b re ake r
5
c urre nt vo ltag e at the
s hunt re ac to r
0
-1 0 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
t / ms
-5
B A p o w e r s up p ly vo ltag e
-1 0

Controlled making characteristics

(except for compensated Transmission Lines)
Reference Signal = Network voltage (supply)
voltage
phase A
1 close command (control room) 5 closing time

2 zero crossing recognition 6 contact touch
3 delay time 7 start of current flow
4 controlled command to close coil 8 prearc time

Optimum making instants
1.2
inductive loads
u/p.u.
0.8
capacitive loads
0.4
0 5 10 15 t/ms 20
-0.4
-0.8
-1.2

Influence of the prestrike curve on the making

operation of a capacitive load
spread of
1 cicuit-breaker
operating time
abs (voltage p.u.)
0,8 making instant
0,6
0,4
mechanical contruction
0,2 flashover process
t / ms
0
0 2 4 6 8
target point
pre-arcing time mechanical
contact touch
adjusting time

Making sequence grounded capacitor bank
1,2
1
L1 L2
0,8 L3
0,6
0,4
abs (U / Û)
0,2
0
-0,2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-0,4 t [ms]
-0,6
-0,8
-1
L1 L3 L2
-1,2 Sequenz 50Hz 0 3,33 6,66
t [ms]
Sequenz 60Hz
0 2,77 5,54
Making sequence grounded capacitor bank
1,2
1
L1 L2
0,8 L3
0,6
0,4 Adjusting time
abs (U / Û)
0,2
0
-0,2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-0,4 t [ms]
-0,6
-0,8
-1
L1 L3 L2
-1,2 Sequenz 50Hz 0 3,33 6,66
t [ms]
Sequenz 60Hz
0 2,77 5,54
Making sequence not grounded capacitor bank
tL1=x
uL1-L2(x)=0 tL2=x
tL3=x+t(90°)
200000
150000 zero crossing in the voltage of phase L1

reference point for synchronizing
U_CB-L1
100000
U_CB-L2
U_CB-L3
50000 Prestrike L1-L2
u/V
Prestrike L3
0
0 0,005 0,01 0,015 0,02 t/s 0,025
∆ t = 9,5ms
-50000
∆ t = 14ms
-100000 optimized making instants

of phase L3
optimized making instants
-150000 of phase L1 and L2
Influence of the prestrike on the making operation

of a transformer/reactor
optimized for
inductive load
1
abs (voltage p.u.)
0,8
0,6
0,4
mechanical construction
0,2 flashover process
t / ms
0
0 2 4 6 8
target point
making instant mechanical contact touch

Closing operation of uncompensated lines
Optimum making instants
Unloaded line Lines with a DC level

(e.g. after auto-reclosing)
1 2
Unet -Utransm.+ DC
1,5
0,5 1
voltage p.u.
voltage p.u.
0,5
0 0
0 10 20 30 t / ms 40 -0,5 0 10 20 30 40
-0,5 -1 t / ms
-1,5
Unet -Utransm.- DC
-1 -2
Voltage across CB

Parallel compensated lines, auto-reclosing
Transmission-Line
Ratio of
compensation
XC-Line
Shunt k= Shunt
Reaktor XL-Reactor Reaktor
XL XL
k=0.8 k=0.3
2 2
1 1
Voltage [p.u.]
Voltage [p.u.]
0 0
-1 -1
-2 -2
0 100 200 300 400 0 50 100 150 200 250
t [ms] t [ms]
Reference Signal = Voltage across CB

Controlled making of a transformer
voltage on the transformer side of the circuit breaker in closing

operation
300
prestrike L1 prestrike L2 and L3
5ms
200
coupling about
delta winding
100
u / kV
0
25 30 35 40 45
-100 U_L1
U_L2
-200
U_L3
t / ms
-300

References - Experiences
16 years of experience
Applications up to 800 kV
more than 1800 Applications

73 CBSC-Relais (since 1996)
1775 PSD-Relais (since 2001)
issue: December 2011

PSD Alarm Signals

Alarm settings

Device OK
Status Cause Effect Measure
PSD Hardware Device is ready -

OK
PSD Hardware Not ready Contact Siemens

defect

CB closed / open
Status Status Cause Effect Measure

CB closed CB open
Aux. Switch closed Device ready -

(Breaker closed)
Aux. Switch open Device ready -

(Breaker open)
Aux. Switches not Sync. data error Check wiring and

consistent CB

Sync. opr. failed
Last sync. operation Device ready -

successful
Limit value violation Alarm Read out and evaluate

– Voltage operation data

– Current operation data

– Mechanical time operation data

– Make / Break time operation data

Sync. data error
Necessary data available Device ready -
No trigger source Sync. operation not possible Check trigger source
No zero crossing found Sync. operation not possible Check trigger source
Frequency out of range Sync. operation not possible Check reference variable
Temperature out of range Sync. operation not possible Check reference variable
Temperature sensor defect Sync. operation not possible Check sensor
Oil pressure out of range Sync. operation not possible Check reference variable
Oil pressure sensor defect Sync. operation not possible Check sensor
U open out of range Sync. operation not possible Check voltage for OPEN
U close out of range Sync. operation not possible Check voltage for CLOSE
Reference contact defect Sync. operation not possible Check sensor
Aux. switches not consistent Sync. operation not possible Check wiring
CB voltage error
All voltages available Device ready -

without faults
Limit value violation Alarm Check of voltage or tolerance

– Voltage OPEN setting

– Voltage CLOSE setting

– Operating voltage setting

Sensor error
Sensors ready Device ready -
Temperature Sync. operation not possible Check reference variable

out of range
Temperature sensor Sync. operation not possible Check sensor

defect
Oil pressure Sync. operation not possible Check reference variable

out of range
Oil pressure sensor Sync. operation not possible Check sensor

defect
Reference contact defect Sync. operation not possible Check sensor
Aux. Switches not Sync. operation not possible Check wiring

consistent

Service
Device in normal Device ready -

operation
Device in service mode Device not ready Device ready after data
Data exchange exchange

Power
PSD has supply Device ready -

voltage
PSD without Device not ready Check supply voltage

supply voltage

Leadership in HVDC Technology

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P3_E_B1_0161_1_XDC_A

Aconex No. of Document - Rev.

Controlled switching with PSD

New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project 700 MW

Rev. Date Revisions Name of Reviser Name of Approver

Siemens AG, Energy Sector - Power Transmission Solutions

1 General Information .............................................................................................. 4

2 Training Program .................................................................................................. 4

Training Manual New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project

Training Manual New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project

Training Manual New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3 Project

Controlled switching with

For Transpower internal use only

Page 2 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Page 3 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Controlled switching with

Page 4 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Minimizing electro-dynamic and dielectric

Page 5 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Kind of Load Operation Stress avoided

inductive • Transformer breaking Reignition

making Inrush current

capacitive • Capacitor Bank breaking Reignition

Reduction of the inrush currents

Page 6 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Application for Siemens

Controlled switching using

interrupter unit: insulating nozzle interrupter unit: double nozzle

Page 7 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

software for parameterization

Page 8 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Voltage transformer(s) Current transformer(s) Control room System protection

Bypass - Only in coordination

with the manufacturer!

Page 9 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Control Unit PSD

manual tripping/ status

Page 10 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Control Unit PSD

manual tripping/ status

Page 11 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Control Unit PSD

manual tripping/ status

Page 12 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Scheme - synchronous breaking operation

Reference Signal = Current through CB

1 open command (control room) 5 opening time

Page 13 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Influence of PSD Device on

circuit-breaker operating time

Page 14 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Page 15 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Controlled making characteristics

Reference Signal = Network voltage (supply)

1 close command (control room) 5 closing time

Page 16 Feb-2013 O. Meyer / E T HP CB B GTS SGP ENERGY / High voltage products

Optimum making instants