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Arrays in Java

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4 views

Arrays in Java

Uploaded by

sanjuomg8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARRAYS IN JAVA

Java provides a data structure, the array, which stores a fixed-size sequential collection of
elements of the same type. An array is used to store a collection of data, but it is often more
useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type.
Instead of declaring individual variables, such as number0, number1, ..., and number99, you
declare one array variable such as numbers and use numbers[0], numbers[1], and ...,
numbers to represent individual variables.
This tutorial introduces how to declare array variables, create arrays, and process arrays using
indexed variables.

Declaring Array Variables:


To use an array in a program, you must declare a variable to reference the array, and you
must
specify the type of array the variable can reference. Here is the syntax for declaring an array
variable:
dataType[] ArrayRefVar[] //Preferred way
or
datatype[] arrayRefVar[] //works but not preferred

Note: The style dataType[] arrayRefVar is preferred. The style dataType


arrayRefVar[] comes from the C/C++ language and was adopted in Java to accommodate
C/C++ programmers.

Example:
The following code snippets are examples of this syntax:

double[] myList; // preferred way


or
double myList[]; // works but not preferred way.
Creating Arrays:
You can create an array by using the new operator with the following syntax:
arrayRefVar = new dataType[arraySize];

The above statement does two things:


• It creates an array using new dataType[arraySize];
• It assigns the reference of the newly created array to the variable arrayRefVar.
Declaring an array variable, creating an array, and assigning the reference of the array to the
variable can be combined in one statement, as shown below:
dataType[] arrayRefVar = new dataType[arraySize];
Alternatively you can create arrays as follows:
dataType[] arrayRefVar = {value0, value1, ..., valuek};
The array elements are accessed through the index. Array indices are 0-based; that is, they start
from 0 to arrayRefVar.length-1.
Example:
Following statement declares an array variable, myList, creates an array of 10 elements of
double type and assigns its reference to myList:

double[] myList = new double[10];


Following picture represents array myList. Here, myList holds ten double values and the
indices are from 0 to 9.

Processing Arrays:
When processing array elements, we often use either for loop or for each loop because all of
the elements in an array are of the same type and the size of the array is known.
Example:
Here is a complete example of showing how to create, initialize and process arrays:
public class TestArray
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};
// Print all the array elements
for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++) {
System.out.println(myList[i] + " ");
}
// Summing all elements
double total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++) {
total += myList[i];
}
System.out.println("Total is " + total);
// Finding the largest element
double max = myList[0];
for (int i = 1; i < myList.length; i++) {
if (myList[i] > max) max = myList[i];
}
System.out.println("Max is " + max);
}
}
public class TestArray {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};
// Print all the array elements
for (double element: myList) {
System.out.println(element);
}
}
}

Output:
1.9
2.9
3.4
3.5
Total is 11.7
Max is 3.5

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