NAME OF THE SCHOOL

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

TOPIC: ELASTICITY VS TEMPERATURE

Name of the student:

Class:
Roll no.:
Guided by:

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 INDEX

S.No. TABLE OF CONTENTS Pg. No.

1. Certificate 03
2. Acknowledgement 04
3. Key Concepts 05
4. Abstract 06
5. Background 07
6. Objective 08
7. Hypothesis 09
8. Apparatus/ Materials 10
9. Preparation 11
10. Procedure 12 - 13
11. Observations 14
12. Results 15
13. Conclusion 16
14. Bibliography 17

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Certificate
This is to certify that Aman Kumar
is a student of class XI has
successfully completed the
research on the below mentioned
project under the guidance pf
Mr.Varun Dev (Pgt Physics)
during year 2022-2023 in partial
fulfilment of Physics practical
examination of K.V.No.1 bti cantt.

Subject Teacher: Mr. Varun

Dev

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Acknowledgeme
nt
I would like to convey my sincere
gratitude to almighty God. It is my
outmost pleasure to express
deep sense of gratitude towards
Mr. Varun Dev (PGT Physics).
Their valuable guidance, support
and supervision are considerably
responsible for helping this
project attend its present form. I
also wish to acknowledge my
heart full thanks to my parents
and friends who helped me to
complete the project in time.

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Key Concepts

 Physics
 Heat
 Molecules
 Forces

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Abstract
Rubber, elastic substance obtained from the
exudations of certain tropical plants (natural rubber)
or derived from petroleum and natural gas (synthetic
rubber) and is collected in one way. Natural rubber is
taken from a tree called “Hevea brasiliensis” which
originated in the Amazon rain forests. In 1876 H.A.
Wickham brought seeds of the Hevea Tree from Brazil
to Kew Gardens, which was near London. The seeds
were then given to India, Ceylon, British Malaya, and
other countries. The tree takes about five years to
grow from a seedling to a point that it can start to
procedure rubber. It has a lifespan of 25 to 30 years.

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Background
Materials are made up of atoms and molecules.
(Molecules are groups of multiple atoms that are
bonded together.) Even though you can't see it with
the naked eye, these molecules are constantly
vibrating around and bumping into one another.
Normally when a material gets hotter, the molecules
vibrate more intensely. Because they bump into one
another harder this causes the material to expand a
bit. This phenomenon is called thermal expansion,
which is responsible for many of the cracks you see in
roadways and sidewalks. As the temperature changes
from very hot to very cold throughout the summer and
winter, the materials expand and contract over and
over again, eventually leading to cracks.

Rubber bands are different than many other materials

because their molecules are actually very long chains,
kind of like a tangled pile of spaghetti. These long
chains are called polymers, which can behave in
surprising ways when you heat or cool them.

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Objective
The purpose of this investigation is to compare the
height of a rubber band when stretched before and
after exposed to various temperatures.

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Hypothesis
We believe that the elasticity of the rubber band is
going to increase as the temperature increases in our
experiment.
Elasticity of the rubber band is defined as the
maximum length the rubber band stretches from its
initial length when weight is placed on it. (Dependent
Variable) Temperature is defined as the temperature of
the water that the rubber band is submerged in
(Independent Variable). The type and size of rubber
band and time of rubber band submerged in water will
be controlled.

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Materials:
 Rubber bands
 Weights
 Hot water
 Pot
 Refrigerator
 Ruler (30 cm)
 Hook/ Metal Wire
 Thermometer

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Preparation
 Make sure you have a work area set up where you
can easily clean spilled water, such as a kitchen
counter.
 Use adult assistance.

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 Procedure
i. Take out rubber band from the box and group them
into three trials at each temperature.
ii. Place the first three rubber bands in a room
temperature for 10 minutes. This will be the main
temperature for the experiment.
iii. Take one rubber band from the three and cut at a
point.
iv. Take a hook and attach it to the edge of a surface
with tape so that it does no fall.
v. Tie one end of the rubber band and attach it to the
hook and attach the other end to a weight.
vi. Wait till the band stop moving and is still, then
measure the band after stretched, with a 30 cm
ruler.
vii. Record the height and write it on a sheet of paper so
that you do not forget.
viii. Then take out the next two rubber bands from the
room temperature setting and repeat the steps.
ix. Repeat steps 2 and 8 for the rubber bands in warmer
water and the freezer.
x. Record the average heights of the rubber bands for
all three trials for each temperature setting.
xi. Compare the average height of the bands when they
were placed in a refrigerator and warmer water to
the bands placed in room temperature.
xii. Observe what differences you see in the heights
stretch of the rubber bands for all of the above
trials.

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 Metal wire/ hook

Rubber band

Scale

Weight

Observations:
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Constants:
Rubber band Weight of the Weight of the Weight of the metal device
length weights Rubber band holding the Rubber band
5.5inches 168grams .5grams 4.6grams

Place / Heights Average

Temperature Height

Room
Temperature 17.5 cm 17.67 cm
30OC 17.75 cm
17.75 cm

Freezer 16 cm 15.91 cm
3OC 16.25 cm
15.5 cm

Warmer Water 18 cm 18.08 cm

45 CO
18 cm
18.25 cm

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Results:

 Our data demonstrates that the rubber bands

stretch more when submerged in warmer water
then in cooler place.

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Conclusion
In conclusion, rubber bands when placed in warm
temperatures stretch more because when a rubber
band is stretched, entropy dictates that the rubber
band will want to contract again. When the
temperature is higher, the molecules are more excited,
and want even more to be in random state. This makes
the rubber band easier to stretch at warm
temperatures. But when a rubber band is placed in
cold temperatures, the rubber band will stretch less. I
hypothesized that the rubber bands would stretch
more when heated and less when cooled. That is
exactly what happened. The average height of the
bands when heated was much higher than when they
cooled.

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Bibliography
 www.google.com
 https://t.me/allinvestigatoryprojects
 https://www.youtube.com/@ALLINVESTIGATORYPROJECTS
 NCERT TEXT BOOK
 LAB MANUAL

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