Debabrata Saha Ca1 Ms

3D COMPUTER
ANIMATION
DEBABRATA SAHA
11000221012
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS (OECCS701B)
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING , 7th SEM
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY, SERAMPORE
Introduction
• Computer animation or CGI animation is the process used for generating animated images by
using computer graphics. The more general term computer-generated imagery encompasses both
static scenes and dynamic images, while computer animation only refers to moving images.
What is 3D Animation?
• For 3D animations, objects (models) are built on the computer monitor (modeled) and 3D figures
are rigged with a virtual skeleton.
• Then the limbs, eyes, mouth, clothes, etc. of the figure are moved
by the animator on key frames.
• The differences in appearance between key frames are automatically
calculated by the computer in a process known as tweening or
morphing. Finally, the animation is rendered.
3D WORKSPACE
• All 3D animation software programs have a similar workspace layout. It is based on 3D
Cartesian Coordinate space.
• We call this X, Y, and Z. At the centre origin = 0,0,0. The Axes runs through this point
perpendicular to each other where we can designate the exact location of any point in
space relative to the origin.
• All 3D animation programs function this way, It does not matter which one, the layout
might differ but all work the same way.
3D ANIMATION WORKFLOW
• Typically, follows along these steps:
• Modeling
• Materials/Texturing
• Lighting
• Keyframing/Animating Rendering
• But in some cases you can model, keyframe, animate then add materials, textures, light and render. It depends
on your project and what you feel works best for you.
• Big animation studios can have 100's or 1000's of people around the world working on one project. This requires
a lot of planning at each stage and is known as the pipeline. Think of it like an assembly line.Each stage has its
own team with its own set of supervisors called technical directors (TD's). These TD's oversee the work and
ensure quality outputs and report back to VFX supervisors, who report to the director and so on.
• Modeling:
This is like actually making a physical object but in a 3D virtual space. Typically,
modeling would start with primitive mesh objects such as spheres, cubes, cones and
cylinders. You can modify them by extruding, merging, bevelling, subdividing, etc. You
can also draw lines, make shapes and do sweeps, bend, twist, boolean operations... the
list is endless!
• Materials/Texturing:
This is putting on the flesh or covering the object. This is done by means of mapping.
Types of mapping are UV, spherical, planar and procedural which is manipulating
colour information on the object. This is where the object begins to take on more
realistic looking characteristics.
• Lighting:
This is part of creating the right atmosphere and environment. Default lighting is
called Ambient lighting but there are Spot, Sun, Point and Diffuse which is the light
emanating from the object like a reflection. For example, Specular light and reflection
refers to the highlight and can be adjusted to make an object look dull or shiny.
• Keyframing/Animating:
Here is where the object comes to life, like puppetry for living things or simulating weight and gravity. There is
also particle animation like fire, smoke and fireworks. A keen sense of how motion acts on an object and living
things takes time and skill to master.
• Keyframing/Animating:
It usually starts with rigging an object or putting the skeleton in. The action of joints influencing each other is
called Inverse Kinematics (IK). The action of joints influencing the object is called weighting. If not done
properly, it can look weird and distracting. If done properly, can be indistinguishable from real life.
• Rendering:
This is creating the finished product. In some cases there are other processes like compositing, colour
correcting and editing that use the rendered elements. Output to file formats, resolution, and shading
(computing processes that add even more realism or cartoon look and feel).
CONCLUSION
3D Animation can be expensive to produce, time consuming, takes various skills and talent. But can be rewarding
in making your visions come to life in striking ways. 3D computer animation is not just a tool—it's a powerful
medium that breathes life into imagination. From creating stunning visual effects in movies to realistic simulations
in gaming and beyond, 3D animation continues to push the boundaries of creativity and technology. As we
advance, the possibilities in 3D animation are only limited by our imagination, opening new worlds for
storytelling, design, and innovation. Let's continue to explore and embrace the endless potential that 3D
animation offers, shaping the future of visual experiences.
THANK YOU

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3D COMPUTER

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