Practice Questions Me341

Practice Questions
HEAT TRANSFER (ME341)
Heat Exchangers
1. Steam in the condenser of a power plant is to be condensed at a temperature

of 30°C with cooling water from a nearby lake, which enters the tubes of the
condenser at 14°C and leaves at 22°C. The surface area of the tubes is 45
m2, and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 2100 W/m2 ·°C. Determine the
mass flow rate of the cooling water needed and the rate of condensation of
the steam in the condenser.
2. A test is conducted to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient in an

automotive radiator that is a compact cross-flow water-to-air heat exchanger
with both fluids (air and water) unmixed as shown in figure.The radiator has
40 tubes of internal diameter 0.5 cm and length 65 cm in a closely spaced
plate-finned matrix. Hot water enters the tubes at 90°C at a rate of 0.6 kg/s
and leaves at 65°C. Air flows across the radiator through the inter fin spaces
and is heated from 20°C to 40°C. Take correction factor F = 0.97 and heat
capacity Cp = 4.195 KJ / kgK for water at applied average temperatures.
Determine the overall heat transfer coefficient Ui of this radiator based on the
inner surface area of the tubes.
3. Hot exhaust gases are used in finned-tube crossflow heat exchanger to heat
2.5 kg/s of water (c = 4.18 kJ/kg°C) from 35 to 85 °C. The gases (c = 1.09
kJ/kg°C) enter at 200 °C and leave at 93 °C. The overall heat transfer
coefficient is 180 W/m2 °C. Calculate the area of the heat exchanger using
the LMTD approach.
4. Water is heated in a building from 20°C at a rate of 84 kg/min by using inlet

hot water at 110°C in a single-pass counter-flow heat exchanger.
(a) Find the heat transfer if the hot waterflow is 108 kg/min.
(b) Calculate the exit temperatures of both the streams.
The overall heat transfer coefficient is 320 W/m2 K and the heat transfer
area is 20 m2. The specific heat of water is 4. I8 W/kg K
5. 2.4 kg/s of a fluid having a specific heat of 0.80 kJ/kg.K enter a counterflow
heat exchanger at 0 °C and are heated to 400 °C by 2 kg/s of a fluid having a
specific heat of 0.96 kJ/kg.K entering the unit at 700 °C. Show that heating the
cooler fluid to 500 °C would require the surface area for a heat transfer to be
increased by 87.5%, if all other conditions remained unchanged.
6. A particular cross-flow heat exchanger operates with the fluid mixed on one
side only. When it is new, U = 2000W / m2 K, T Cin =25°C, T C out = 80 °C. T h in
=160°C and T h out =70°C After 6 months of operation, the plant manager
reports that the hot fluid is only being cooled to 90 °C and that he is suffering
a 30% reduction in total heat transfer. What is the fouling resistance after 6
months of use? (Assume no reduction of cold-side flow rate by fouling.)
Natural Convection
1. A 6-m-long section of an 8-cm-diameter horizontal hot water pipe shown in

figure passes through a large room whose temperature is 20˚C. If the outer
surface temperature of the pipe is 70˚C, determine the rate of heat loss from
the pipe by natural convection.
2. The vertical 0.8-m-high, 2-m-wide double-pane window shown in Fig. consists

of two sheets of glass separated by a 2-cm air gap at atmospheric pressure. If
the glass surface temperatures across the air gap are measured to be 12˚C
and 2˚C, determine the rate of heat transfer through the window.
3. The door of a hot oven is 0.5 m high and is at 200°C. The outer surface is
exposed to atmospheric pressure air at 20 °C. Estimate the average heat
transfer coefficient at the outer surface of the door.
4. A horizontal cylinder has a diameter of D = 5 cm and length L =50 cm. Its

surface is maintained at 35°C while the surrounding air is at 20°C. Neglecting
radiation calculate the rate of heat transfer from the cylindrical surface at the
steady state. The properties of air at the film temperature (approximately, 300
K) are v = 15.89 x 10“ m2/s, kf = 26.3 x W/mK, Pr = 0.707
5. A 300-W cylindrical resistance heater is 0.75 m long and 0.5 cm in diameter.

The resistance wire is placed horizontally in a fluid at 20°C. Determine the
outer surface temperature of the resistance wire in steady operation if the fluid
is (a) air and (b) water. Ignore any heat transfer by radiation. Use properties at
500°C for air and 40°C for water.
6. A 15-cm-wide and 18-cm-high vertical hot surface in 20°C air is to be cooled

by a heat sink with equally spaced fins of rectangular profile. The fins are 0.1
cm thick, 4 cm wide, and 18 cm long in the vertical direction. Determine the
optimum fin spacing and the rate of heat transfer by natural convection from
the heat sink if the base temperature is 85°C.
Boiling and Condensation
1. A circular tube of 1.6 cm outer diameter and 1.8 m length has a surface
temperature of 40°C. Saturated steam at 55 °C is condensing on its
surface. Find the mass of steam condensed per hour, if the tube is (a)
horizontal and (b) vertical.
2. An immersion heater for a coffee mug (of volume 250 ml) is to be made of
stainless steel. It must heat water from the room temperature of 20 °C to
its saturation temperature in 5 min and, to avoid possible early material
failure, the heater must operate in the beginning of fully developed
nucleating boiling (jets and columns regime corresponding to an excess
temperature of 10°C). Estimate the heater area and the wattage of the
heater: Take Cs,f for stainless steel-water combination as 0.013
3. Water is to be boiled at atmospheric pressure in a mechanically polished

steel pan placed on top of a heating unit. The inner surface of the bottom
of the pan is maintained at 110°C. If the diameter of the bottom of the pan
is 30 cm, determine (a) the rate of heat transfer to the water and (b) the
rate of evaporation.
4. Water at atmospheric pressure condenses on a strip 30 cm high that is

held at 90°C. Calculate the overall heat transfer per meter, the film
thickness at the bottom, and the condensate mass flow rate per meter.
5. A horizontal plate is exposed to a stagnant pool of water at 100 °C.

Determine the minimum heat flux.

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Practice Questions

HEAT TRANSFER (ME341)

1. Steam in the condenser of a power plant is to be condensed at a temperature

2. A test is conducted to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient in an

4. Water is heated in a building from 20°C at a rate of 84 kg/min by using inlet

1. A 6-m-long section of an 8-cm-diameter horizontal hot water pipe shown in

2. The vertical 0.8-m-high, 2-m-wide double-pane window shown in Fig. consists

4. A horizontal cylinder has a diameter of D = 5 cm and length L =50 cm. Its

5. A 300-W cylindrical resistance heater is 0.75 m long and 0.5 cm in diameter.

6. A 15-cm-wide and 18-cm-high vertical hot surface in 20°C air is to be cooled

Boiling and Condensation

3. Water is to be boiled at atmospheric pressure in a mechanically polished

4. Water at atmospheric pressure condenses on a strip 30 cm high that is

5. A horizontal plate is exposed to a stagnant pool of water at 100 °C.

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