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    Kunaal - Hack - in Certification Course - 6.4

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    Udit Awasthi

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    Kunaal - Hack - in Certification Course - 6.4

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    Udit Awasthi
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    Kunaal - Hack.in Certification Course - 6.4

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    2 views2 pages

    Kunaal - Hack - in Certification Course - 6.4

    Uploaded by

    Udit Awasthi

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Unit 6.

    4 - Database design and normalization queries


    Having explored the tenets of data, database, database management systems, and data manipulation,
    it is time to dive into the questions in and around database design. In simple terms, database design is
    a collection of tasks and processes that enhance the designing, development, implementation, and
    maintenance of data management systems. Designing an effective database comes with the
    affirmative possibilities of reducing the maintenance cost and improving the data consistency of
    databases through cost-effective measures. At the crux of it, the main objective behind database
    design is to produce physical and logical design models of the proposed database system.

    Database designs are incredibly important as they will provide the blueprints of how the data is going
    to be stored in a system. An effective database design, after all, can enhance the overall performance
    of any application. The process of designing a database must be well-structured and should work
    towards saving disk space by eliminating redundant data, maintaining data integrity and accuracy,
    and comparing logical and physical data models to arrive at the best design possible. At this juncture,
    let’s also draw attention to normalization – the process of organizing data in a database.

    Normalization includes the creation of tables and the establishment of relationships between those
    tables as per the rules designed to protect the data and to make the database more effective and
    flexible by eliminating redundancy and inconsistent dependency. There are a few rules that serve as
    the governing principles of database normalization, and each rule is called a ‘normal form.’ When the
    first rule is adhered to, the database is said to be in the “first normal form” and the highest level
    necessary for most applications is the “third normal form.” These rules are as follows:

    First Normal Form: The first level includes the elimination of repeating groups in individual
    tables, the creation of a separate table for each set of related data, and the identification of each
    set of related data with a primary key.

    Second Normal Form: This includes the creation of separate tables for sets of values that apply to
    multiple records, and relating these tables with a foreign key.

    Third Normal Form: The third level involves the elimination of fields that don’t depend on the
    key.

    It is also worth keeping in mind that adhering to the third normal form is not always practical.
    Though it is theoretically desirable, it is more feasible to apply the third level only in the cases of data
    that changes frequently. The advantages of database normalization highlight how it is a critical step
    in database management as it helps in avoiding database anomalies, avoiding bugs and redundancies,
    managing functional dependencies of data, achieving a loosely coupled data model, and achieving
    operational efficiency and performance. Thus, with the promises of database design and
    normalization along with an adept understanding of Database Management Systems, one can tap
    into the endless possibilities residing in the world of data.
    Sources:
    1. https://www.javatpoint.com/data
    2. https://www.techopedia.com/6/28832/enterprise/databases/introduction-to-databases ​
    3. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-1
    4. https://dbs.academy.lv/lection/dbs_LS02ENa_hist.pdf
    5. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-databases/
    6. https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/what-is-a-hierarchical-database/
    7. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/20971/network-database
    8. https://www.mongodb.com/databases/what-is-an-object-oriented-database
    9. https://www.oracle.com/in/database/what-is-a-relational-database/
    10. https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/what-is-cloud-database
    11. https://databasetown.com/centralized-database-functions-advantages/
    12. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/5711/operational-database-odb
    13. https://www.ibm.com/topics/nosql-databases
    14. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-1
    15. https://www.javatpoint.com/dbms-tutorial
    16. https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/cloud/articles/database-management-systems-dbms/
    17. https://u-next.com/blogs/data-science/data-manipulation/
    18. https://opentextbc.ca/dbdesign01/chapter/chapter-sql-dml/
    19. https://www.javatpoint.com/database-design
    20. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/troubleshoot/access/database-normalization-
    description
    21. ​https://builtin.com/data-science/database-normalization

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