Pearson

Higher Nationals in
Computing (Software Engineering)
Unit 6: Managing a Successful Computing Project
Assignment

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Higher Nationals
Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)
INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS
Programme title Pearson Higher Nationals in Computing
Assessor Professor S. Internal Verifier Mr. Mohamed Azeem
Vasanthapriyan
Unit(s) Unit 06- Managing a Successful Computing Project
Assignment title Remote Working
Student’s name
List which assessment Pass Merit Distinction
criteria the Assessor
has awarded.
P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 M1, M2, M3, M4 D1, D2, D3
INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST

Do the assessment criteria awarded

match those shown in the Y/N
assignment brief?
Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade
awarded justified by the assessor’s Y/ N
comments on the student work?
Has the work been assessed
Y/ N
accurately?
Is the feedback to the student:
Give details:

• Constructive?
Y/ N
• Linked to relevant
assessment criteria? Y/ N

• Identifying
opportunities for Y/ N
improved
performance? Y/ N

• Agreeing actions?
Does the assessment decision need
Y/N
amending?
Assessor signature S. Vasanthapriyan Date 15/01/2023
Mohomed Azeem
Internal Verifier signature Date
Programme Leader signature Lashika Chamini
Date
(if required)

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken

Give details:

Assessor signature Date

Internal Verifier
Date
signature
Programme Leader
Date
signature (if required)

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form

Student Name/ID
Unit Title Unit 06- Managing a Successful Computing Project

Assignment Number Assignment Assessor Professor S. Vasanthapriyan

st
Date Received 1
Submission Date submission
06.07.2024 Date Received 2nd
Re-submission Date submission
Assessor Feedback:

LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.

Pass, Merit & Distinction P1 P2 P3 M1 D1

Descripts

LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge to
support the project

Pass, Merit & P4 M2 D1

Distinction Descripts

LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful
conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.

Pass, Merit & Distinction P5 P6 M3 D2

Descripts

LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to
support sustainable organisational performance.

Pass, Merit & Distinction P7 M4 D3

Descripts

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Signature & Date:

* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place and grades decisions have
been agreed at the assessment board

Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student

Action Plan

Summative feedback

Feedback: Student to Assessor

Assessor signature Date

Student signature Date

General Guidelines

1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use previous page as
your cover sheet and make sure all the details are accurately filled.
2. Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
3. All the assignments should prepare using a word processing software.
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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 4. All the assignments should print on A4 sized papers. Use single side printing.
5. Allow 1” for top, bottom, right margins and 1.25” for the left margin of each page.

Word Processing Rules

1. The font size should be 12 point and should be in the style of Times New Roman.
2. Use 1.5-line word-processing. Left justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all headings are consistent in terms of size and font style.
4. Use footer function in the word processor to insert Your Name, Subject, Assignment No, and Page
Number on each page. This is useful if individual sheets become detached for any reason.
5. Use word processing application spell check and grammar check function to help editing your assignment.

Important Points:

1. Carefully check the hand in date and the instructions given in the assignment. Late submissions will not be
accepted.
2. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
3. Excuses of any nature will not be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
4. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
5. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you may apply (in
writing) for an extension.
6. Failure to achieve at least PASS criteria will result in a REFERRAL grade.
7. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic REFERRAL. You will then be asked
to complete an alternative assignment.
8. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly using HARVARD
referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both in-text citation and a reference list.
9. If you were proven guilty for plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade could be reduced to a
REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course.

Student Declaration

I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely, to use another’s work and to present it as my own
without attributing the sources in the correct way. I further understand what it means to copy another’s work.

1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.

2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of the Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiaries or copy another’s work in any of the assignments for this
program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my program, will be my own, and where I
have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the correct way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding agreement between
myself and Edexcel UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is not attached to the
attached.

Student’s Signature: Date:

(BTSE0322010343@saegis.ac.lk) (17/04/2023)

Higher National Diploma in Computing (Software Engineering)

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Assignment Brief

Student Name /ID Number

Unit Number and Title Unit 06- Managing a Successful Computing Project

Academic Year

Unit Tutor

Assignment Title Remote Working

Issue Date

Submission Date

IV Name & Date

Submission format

This should be written in a concise, formal academic style using single spacing and font size 12. You are
required to make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported
with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system. Please also provide a bibliography using
the Harvard referencing system. You are required to make effective use of an individual report (using
Microsoft Word®, PDF).

Your research should be referenced and the citation using Harvard referencing style. Please provide a list of
reference using the Harvard reference at the end of the report. Attach the annexure report after the reference
if any.

Assessment Plan

Tasks Document Submission Format

Task 01 Microsoft Word® / PDF

Task 02 Microsoft Word® / PDF

Task 03 Microsoft Word® / PDF

Task 04 Microsoft Word® / PDF

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 Task 01 , Task 02, Task 03 and Task 04 report using Microsoft Word®/ PDF.

All Task reports include in one document for the final submissions.

Scheme of Work

Assessment LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 Pass Merit Distinction

Assignment1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Evidence Requirements

 The assessor can decide the time period to complete the assessment, and the assessment must
be undertaken in supervised conditions and is an open book.
 The candidate must provide a complete report which includes the answers for Task 1, 2, 3, and
4.
Content Guidelines for the Report
 Cover Page (As the cover page of this document. In the given space, include your name,
student ID etc.)
 Declaration, Index page
 Headings and Subheadings
 Paragraphs font size 12
 Questions and Answers in Harvard reference style include the citations
 References
Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.
LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to
generate knowledge to support the project.
LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on
meaningful conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.
LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to
support sustainable organisational performance.

Table of Contents
Activity 01: LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.................................10
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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 1.(I) Introduction to Scenario....................................................................................................................................10
1.(II) Project aim and Objectives...............................................................................................................................10
1.(III) Quad-triple-constraints...................................................................................................................................10
Scope.....................................................................................................................................................................11
Time......................................................................................................................................................................11
Cost.......................................................................................................................................................................11
Quality...................................................................................................................................................................12
Risk Management..................................................................................................................................................12
Resources Allocation.............................................................................................................................................14
Project Management Process and Related Outputs Evaluation:.............................................................................14
Activity Planning and Scheduling:............................................................................................................................14
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Gantt Chart.............................................................................................14
Gantt Chart................................................................................................................................................................16
Activity 02- Carry out small-scale research by applying qualitative and quantitative research methods appropriate
for meeting project aims and objectives....................................................................................................................17
Research Methods.................................................................................................................................................17
Qualitative Research..............................................................................................................................................17
Interview Questions...............................................................................................................................................19
Quantitative Research............................................................................................................................................20
Activity 02: LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge to
support the project.....................................................................................................................................................22
Project Management Process.................................................................................................................................22
Accuracy and Reliability Methods........................................................................................................................23
Activity 03: LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful
conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.................................................................................25
3.1 Analyze research data using appropriate tools and techniques........................................................................25
3.2. Communicate appropriate recommendations as a result of research and data analysis to draw valid and
meaningful conclusions.............................................................................................................................................30
Activity 03.03. Evaluate the selection of appropriate tools and techniques for accuracy and authenticity to support
and justify recommendations.....................................................................................................................................31
Activity 04. LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to..............................34
support sustainable organizational performance........................................................................................................34
Evaluate the value of the project management process and use of quality research to meet stated objectives and
support own learning and performance.....................................................................................................................37
References....................................................................................................................................................................38

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 Activity 01: LO1 Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the
chosen theme.
1.(I) Introduction to Scenario
The apparel company, ABC, has been operating in the industry for over decades. The company operates in
multiple locations across the world, and it has a large-scale workforce, with employees working across
different departments such as manufacturing, sales, marketing, HR, finance, and design. The company has
been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and has shifted to remote working for its employees. The
company recognized that remote working as a way to increase productivity, reduce costs, and improve
work-life balance for its employees. However, the management has concerns about how to gauge the
productivity of the employees when working from home. As a business analyst, my role is to create a project
plan that includes training workshops for the organizational staff on technologies and relevant tools to track
and monitor employee productivity.

1.(II) Project aim and Objectives

As the first step of the project, we need to identify the project aims and objectives. The primary objective of
this project is to ensure that ABC apparel’s employees can work remotely without any technical issues and
their productivity and performance are maintained. The project aims to achieve the following goals:

 Ensure that remote workers have access to secure and reliable technology tools and platforms to carry
out their job responsibilities efficiently.
 Develop a comprehensive training program to upskill employees on how to use relevant technologies
and tools to improve their productivity.
 Establish performance metrics and monitoring systems to track the progress of remote workers and
ensure that they meet the company’s performance standards.
 Enhance communication and collaboration between remote workers and the company’s management
team to foster a sense of teamwork and boost employee morale.
 Mitigate risks associated with remote working, including data security breaches and decreased work-
life balance.

1.(III) Quad-triple-constraints

The project scope will focus on implementing remote working policies and training employees, ensuring
business continuity while maintaining productivity levels and ensuring data security. The project will be
constrained by time, cost, scope, and quality objectives. (Westland, 2022).

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Scope
The goal of the project is to create a framework that will enable managers to assess remote employees'
productivity in addition to avoiding technology issues. The size of a project is determined by its quality,
level of detail, and deliverables, which is referred to as project scope. Time and money are reliant on the
project scope because it dictates how much will be needed to complete it. The goal of the research in this
instance is to offer a framework for evaluating remote workers' productivity that goes beyond
technological problems.
Time
The project will have distinct time constraints at each stage, thus effective time management is essential to
its success. If I try to prolong the project timeline, there will be drawbacks, such as extra deadlines,
adjustments to the team calendar, or less time for planning. The project is expected to be finished in 12
weeks.
Cost
Cost constraints include the overall project budget as well as any additional valuables required for the
project. This project has a budget of Rs. 50,000.
Name Cost (Rupees)
Internet 6,000
Phone bill 6,000
Travelling 18,000
Food & Beverage 10,000
Other 10,000
Total 50,000

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 Quality
Project quality is the extent to which the project deliverables meet initial expectations. Every project
limitation influences project quality because it is the final outcome of the project. Project quality is also its
own constraint, even while there are aspects of a project that could lead to poor quality that are not
necessarily related to money, time, resources, risk, or scope. The goal of the project is to create an effective
framework for evaluating the output of remote workers.
Risk Management
Potential risks include employees' lack of familiarity with remote working tools and techniques, technical
difficulties, and inadequate communication channels. These risks will be mitigated through training
workshops, frequent communication between management and employees, and implementing backup
systems to ensure business continuity in case of technical difficulties. (Unknown, What is Project Risk
Management? , 2022)

01. Identify the Risk

The process of risk management begins with this. The most popular method of assessing the risk is
brainstorming. List every possible method a project risk could increase, and even look at statistics from
previous initiatives. To reflect on the past and enhance upcoming initiatives, it is crucial to store all of the
gathered data in a risk register.

02. Analyze the Risk

Risks can be Analyzed once they have been identified. It is possible to proactively handle a variety of
ramifications, including avoiding further legal action, addressing regulatory issues, complying with new
regulations, cutting project risk, and lessening its effects. Analyzing risks qualitatively and quantitatively
can be used to identify this. To find and examine potential issues that can have a negative influence on the
project, risk analysis is a procedure that is performed.

In this stage, you will analyze each risk you have identified in terms of likelihood, severity, and response
strategy. It's crucial to consider the aims of the project, whether a risk would delay project completion,
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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 whether it will jeopardize the budget or other resources, etc. while assessing the risk's seriousness. The best
course of action in this step is to solicit input from a project team or important stakeholders. The project
team will use the response plan you develop for each risk to promptly handle it if it materializes.

03. Prioritize the Risk

Since not all project risks are created equal, an evaluation is necessary so that project managers can
determine what resources to mobilize in order to address the risk. You may choose which hazards need
further investigation and which ones are not so important by classifying your list of risks as high, medium,
and low. You may start making plans for how and when these hazards will be addressed with such a clear
view. Some of them demand immediate response since they have the potential to sabotage the entire project,
while others are not unimportant but do not pose a threat to the project's successful completion.

04. Assign a Risk Owner for Each Risk

This stage of risk management is crucial. If you don't designate someone to be in charge of supervising the
risks, all the effort put into discovering, analyzing, and prioritizing them will be for naught. Anyone can be a
risk owner; for instance, a team member is frequently best qualified to monitor the risk. Then, that person is
in charge of both detecting risk and leading the effort to resolve it. There should be someone in charge of
each risk. In this manner, all potential risks to the project's success are addressed.

05. Respond to the Risk

We can use anything we have prepared up to this point in this phase. However, we must first determine
whether the risk is positive or negative. People frequently consider all possible outcomes as threats, or things
that will have a bad effect on the project. That isn't always the case, though. Events can occasionally be
advantageous to your project. These possibilities are therefore referred to be positive risks, and you ought to
take full use of them. There should be a strategy for risk management and mitigation for each recognized
risk. Prioritizing risk management is the next stage after developing the strategy (preventative or
contingency plan). The management consults with the risk owner, and the two of them decide on the best
course of action.

06. Monitor the Risk

This step involves monitoring the development of the risk resolution project that was selected. Whoever is in
charge of the risk will also be in charge of tracking and reporting on the resolution process. Project
managers need to be informed and have a clear understanding of how the project is progressing overall. This
helps them to recognize and keep an eye on fresh hazards. A series of meetings called to manage the risks
are used to update.

Being open and honest is crucial for handling risks. To help prevent and manage potential hazards in the
future, it is important for everyone participating in a project to be aware of what is always happening.
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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 Resources Allocation
The project will require a team of project managers, trainers, IT specialists, and HR representatives to ensure
successful implementation. The project budget will be allocated based on the requirements of the project,
and resources will be allocated according to the project schedule.

Project Management Process and Related Outputs Evaluation:

The project management procedure will be evaluated frequently to make sure it is effective in achieving
project objectives. Examples of significant project management outputs that will be periodically reviewed
include the project charter, project plan, risk management strategy, and progress reports. The effectiveness
of these outputs in fostering project success will be evaluated, and any necessary adjustments will be made.
In order to evaluate the project's overall success and identify potential areas for improvement, the project
team will also conduct a post-project study.

Activity Planning and Scheduling:

The project will follow the Agile project management methodology, and the team will use tools such as Jira
and Trello to manage tasks, track progress and communicate with each other. The project schedule will be
created using Gantt charts to provide a visual representation of the project timeline.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Gantt Chart

Project activities will be scheduled using a project management tool like Microsoft Project. The project
will be broken down into smaller jobs, including the following five key tasks, each of which will be
assigned to a team member who will be responsible for finishing it. Regular progress meetings will be held
to ensure sure the project is on schedule and any necessary adjustments are made.

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS):
Project Planning Phase (Week 1-2)
 Define the project scope.
 Identify the key stakeholders.
 Define project objectives and deliverables.
 Develop a project plan and timeline.
 Assign roles and responsibilities.

Technology Assessment Phase (Week 3-4)

 Evaluate current technology infrastructure and identify gaps.
 Research and identify relevant technologies and tools for remote working.
 Analyze the costs and benefits of the selected technologies and tools.
 Make recommendations for technology upgrades and changes.

Technology Implementation Phase (Week 5-8)

 Develop an implementation plan for the selected technologies and tools.
 Test and configure the new technology infrastructure.
 Train employees on the new technology tools.
 Monitor and troubleshoot any issues with technology implementation.

Remote Working Training Workshops (Week 9-12)

 Develop training materials for remote working.
 Deliver training workshops to employees.
 Collect feedback from employees and make necessary adjustments.
 Evaluate the effectiveness of training and make recommendations for future training.

Gantt Chart
The Gantt chart is the tool used to help in project planning. It is simpler to plan the steps we'll take for our
project while using a GANTT chart. The timeline and the GANTT chart both have comparable uses. It

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
helps the project manager establish an accurate timetable, organize the project, assign resources to tasks,
keep track of the project's progress, manage costs, and assess workload.

The Gantt chart shows the timeline for the different phases of the project. The project planning phase and
technology assessment phase will take place in the first two weeks, while the technology implementation
phase will take place over four weeks, from week 5 to week 8. The remote working training workshops
phase will take place in the last four weeks, from week 9 to week 12. The X's in the chart indicate when
each activity is scheduled to take place.

Activity 02- Carry out small-scale research by applying qualitative and quantitative research methods
appropriate for meeting project aims and objectives.

Research Methods
Research methods are methodical processes or approaches that are used to collect data in order to find new
information or improve already known information. Observed phenomena must be methodically described,
explained, predicted, and controlled through research. In research, there are two primary methods:
deductive and inductive. While deductive methods—typically employed in quantitative research—test
preexisting hypotheses through empirical observation, inductive methods concentrate on developing
theories from observations (commonly used in qualitative research). While qualitative research offers a
comprehensive, contextual grasp of the subject matter, quantitative research tests ideas through statistical
and numerical analysis.

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 Qualitative Research
The goal of qualitative research is to gain a deeper knowledge of human experience and behavior. Open-
ended inquiries are used to gather extensive and nuanced information in a non-statistical manner that enables
researchers to examine subjects from the viewpoints of the participants. Acquiring a thorough
comprehension of the subject matter is the ultimate aim. (Bhat, 2023)

Qualitative Research methods

Qualitative research is a method of research that gathers data through conversational techniques, where
participants are asked open-ended questions. The information collected is non-numerical, and the aim is to
gain a deeper understanding of the subject being studied. The methods used in qualitative research include
one-to-one interviews, where a researcher asks questions to one participant at a time in a planned and
systematic manner.
 One-to-one interview
The one-to-one interview is a research technique used in qualitative research where a researcher conducts
an interview with one participant at a time in a planned and systematic manner. The interviewer typically
prepares a set of open-ended questions in advance and asks the participant to provide detailed and
subjective responses. This method allows for a deeper understanding of the participant's experiences,
thoughts, and perspectives on a particular topic. The information gathered from one-to-one interviews is

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 non-numerical, and the interviewer may record the conversation or take notes to ensure accurate data
collection.
 Focus group
Focus group is a qualitative research method in which a small group of individuals, typically 6-10, are
brought together to discuss a particular topic or issue under the guidance of a moderator. The group is
selected based on certain characteristics relevant to the research question and the participants are
encouraged to share their opinions and experiences with each other. The moderator is responsible for
guiding the discussion and ensuring that all participants have the opportunity to contribute. The group
discussion is typically recorded and analyzed to identify common themes, patterns and insights that can
inform the research question. Focus groups are often used to gain a deeper understanding of consumer
attitudes, perceptions, and preferences for products or services, as well as to test marketing or advertising
concepts.
 Ethnographic Research
Ethnographic research is a qualitative research method that involves in-depth exploration and
understanding of a particular culture or social group by immersing the researcher in their natural
environment. This method involves extensive observation, interaction, and participation with the group
being studied, with the aim of gaining a holistic understanding of their beliefs, behaviors, and practices.
The researcher may collect data through various methods such as field notes, interviews, and audio or
video recordings. Ethnographic research requires a significant amount of time, as well as cultural
sensitivity and a willingness to suspend one's own biases and assumptions. This method is commonly used
in fields such as anthropology, sociology, and cultural studies.
 Case study research
Case study research used to conduct an in-depth analysis of a particular case or a specific phenomenon
within a particular context. It involves an intensive and detailed investigation of a single case or a small
group of cases, often within a bounded system or organization, such as a company, school, or community.
Case study research involves collecting and analyzing data from multiple sources, such as interviews,
documents, and observations, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the case or phenomenon under
investigation. It is often used in fields such as education, psychology, and business to gain insights into
complex issues and provide solutions to real-world problems.

Application - One-to-one interview

I have utilized the method of conducting interviews for my research. An interview is a dialogue between
two individuals, where one person asks questions, and the other person responds. Typically, an interview
refers to a face-to-face conversation between an interviewer and an interviewee, and it can be either formal
or informal. During the interview, the interviewer may allow the interviewee to freely express their

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 thoughts or ask specific questions. It can be challenging to simultaneously pay attention to verbal and
nonverbal communication during the interview and to recall everything accurately afterward, so it can be
beneficial for researchers to have a recording of the interview, with the interviewee's consent.

Reason for using one-to-one interview method for research.

 In-depth information: Interviews allow researchers to gather detailed and in-depth information from
participants. This can help researchers gain a deeper understanding of the topic they are studying.
 Flexibility: Interviews can be conducted in a flexible manner, allowing researchers to adjust their
questions and follow-up questions based on the participant's responses.
 Personal connection: Interviews can help establish a personal connection between the researcher and the
participant, which can make the participant feel more comfortable sharing their thoughts and
experiences.
 Non-verbal cues: Interviews allow researchers to observe non-verbal cues such as body language, tone
of voice, and facial expressions, which can provide additional information about the participant's
emotions and attitudes.
 Follow-up questions: Interviews provide an opportunity for follow-up questions, which can help clarify
responses and gather more detailed information.
 Confidentiality: Interviews can be conducted in a confidential manner, allowing participants to feel more
comfortable sharing sensitive information.
 Participant perspective: Interviews allow researchers to gain a better understanding of the participant's
perspective, experiences, and beliefs, which can be valuable for exploring complex issues.

Interview Questions

1. Tell me about your company.

2. What is your greatest strength?
3. What is your greatest weakness?
4. What is work from home in your perspective?
5. What are the advantages of WFH?
6. What are the disadvantages of WFH?
7. What are the difficulties that you faced while WFH?
8. What should the company need to do to motivate employees?
9. What are the suggestions you have, that company need to change?
10. Do you like to recommend WFH?

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Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is a systematic approach to collecting and analyzing data from various sources, which
involves the use of computational, statistical, and mathematical tools to derive outcomes. The main aim of
this research method is to measure and assess data in numerical terms and commonly used metrics. The
process involves using statistical and computational techniques to collect and analyze data, usually from a
large population, to obtain accurate results. To ensure the collection of reliable statistical data, researchers
typically use close-ended questions. Data collection tools such as online surveys, questionnaires, and polls
are commonly used in this type of research, and respondents can receive them through mobile phones,
emails, or internet access. (Cornell, 2022)

Quantitative Research Methods

Quantitative research methods refer to the systematic investigation of phenomena using measurable
variables. They are utilized to answer questions by establishing relationships with measurable variables to
explain, predict or control the phenomenon. There are two commonly used methods in this type of
research, namely online surveys, and questionnaires.
Online survey
Online Surveys have replaced traditional pen-and-paper surveys as they are more convenient and can be
easily accessed through email or the Internet. Researchers design surveys with relevant questions to gather
data from respondents.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires are a series of questions used as a research tool to collect information from participants.
I have used questionnaires for the research conducted using these two methods.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires are a research instrument used to gather data and information from respondents. They
typically consist of a series of questions, either open-ended or closed-ended, that are designed to elicit
specific information or opinions from the participants. Questionnaires can be administered in various ways,
such as online, through the mail, in-person, or over the phone. They are often used in quantitative research

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to collect standardized data from a large sample size, which can then be analyzed using statistical methods.
Questionnaires can also be used in qualitative research to gather in-depth information about participants'
experiences, attitudes, and opinions. They are flexible and cost-effective research tool that can be adapted
to different research contexts and purposes. However, designing a good questionnaire requires careful
planning and consideration of factors such as the target population, the research objectives, and the type of
data to be collected. Here are some reasons for using questionnaires in research.
 Standardization: Questionnaires offer a standardized way of collecting data, ensuring that every
participant receives the same set of questions in the same order. This helps to eliminate the possibility
of bias that may arise due to differences in the way a researcher may ask a question.
 Large sample size: Questionnaires allow researchers to reach a large sample size easily, which is useful
for gathering a representative sample and obtaining statistically significant results.
 Anonymity: Participants may feel more comfortable responding to sensitive or personal questions when
they are asked through a questionnaire since their responses are anonymous.
 Time-efficient: Questionnaires are a time-efficient way of collecting data since participants can
complete them at their own pace and at a time that is convenient for them.
 Cost-effective: Questionnaires are a cost-effective way of collecting data since they do not require as
much resources as other data collection methods such as interviews or focus groups.
 Objective data: Responses to closed-ended questions on questionnaires provide objective data that can
be easily quantified and analyzed.
 Replication: Since questionnaires are standardized, they can be easily replicated by other researchers,
allowing for comparisons between studies and the creation of a larger body of research on a particular
topic.
 Easy to analyze: Questionnaire data can be easily entered into a computer and analyzed using statistical
software, making it easy to interpret and draw conclusions.

Activity 02: LO2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to
generate knowledge to support the project.

Project Management Process

Project management is a crucial aspect of any project, as it acts as the central process that connects
all project activities and processes. It involves the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to
various tasks, aiming to meet specific project requirements. The main objectives include adhering to
budget, scope, and schedule while delivering the project's objectives with expected quality. Each element
requires systematic management and planning to identify the necessary roles and resources.

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 Development projects can be complex, necessitating a distinct approach to handle limited resources
and increasing demands from stakeholders. To handle this complexity, projects need to be broken down
into manageable and interrelated processes. By doing so, the project manager gains better control over the
project's outcomes and can effectively manage unpredictable challenges that may arise during the design
phase.
Managing a project necessitates a system-based approach, considering the holistic view of the
project environment and understanding that it consists of interacting components working towards a
common objective to achieve desired benefits. While there are numerous project management activities,
they can be grouped into five main processes.

Project Initiation
The initial phase of a project involves defining its purpose, business case, and overall objectives. The main
goal is to assess the project's feasibility and value. This phase begins with the development of a business
case and determines whether the project should proceed and if it is achievable. Feasibility testing is often
conducted during this stage.

Project Planning
Project planning is a critical phase in successful project management, aiming to create a clear roadmap for
the project. It starts with setting specific goals and objectives. The project plan includes details on how the
work will be carried out, monitored, and controlled. It also outlines communication strategies, cost
estimates, and timelines. Various project management tools, such as Gantt charts, can aid in scheduling
and organizing tasks.

Project Execution
During this phase, the actual project work is carried out, and deliverables are developed and completed. It
involves multiple processes, such as status reports, development updates, and performance evaluations.
Clear task descriptions, dependencies, and timelines are provided to those responsible for their execution,
ensuring a comprehensive understanding of each task's requirements and completion criteria.

Project Monitor and Control

Monitoring and controlling the project's progress are essential to ensure adherence to the project plan.
Project managers use key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess whether the project is on track. A few
selected KPIs are used to measure project performance effectively.

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Project Closing
Upon successful completion and approval of the final product, the project is formally closed. A final
review is conducted to analyze both successes and mistakes, gleaning valuable lessons for future projects.
Evaluating the project's outcomes and overall success helps in optimizing future project endeavors.

Accuracy and Reliability Methods

Importance of Data Accuracy and Reliability:

Data accuracy and reliability are crucial in research as they prevent drawing incorrect or misleading
conclusions. Validity in research refers to the relevance and appropriateness of information to the research
question and its association with the concepts under scrutiny. Reliability, on the other hand, pertains to the
extent to which we can depend on the data source and the data itself. Reliable data is trustworthy,
consistent, and authentic, and consistency is a key measure of reliability. Researchers should assess
accuracy and reliability when designing their instruments, whether creating them or purchasing from a
company that provides such information
Accuracy:
Accuracy in research refers to the degree to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure.
It is often estimated through correlation coefficients, which help determine the validity of a measure.
Reliability:
Reliability concerns the consistency of measurement. It measures the extent to which an instrument yields
consistent results each time it is used under the same conditions with the same subjects. Reliability is also
typically estimated using correlation coefficients.

Accuracy and Reliability in Qualitative Research:

In qualitative research, assessing the reliability of study findings is a subject of debate. This type of
research is sometimes criticized for lacking scientific rigor, with issues related to method justification,
transparency in analytical procedures, and the perception of findings as mere collections of personal
opinions subject to bias. The conventional tests and measures used for establishing validity and reliability
in quantitative research may not directly apply to qualitative research. Hence, ongoing discussions focus on
whether terms like validity, reliability, and generalizability are suitable for evaluating qualitative research
Accuracy and Reliability in Interviews:
In interviews, the assessment of accuracy is often based on face validity, which is a subjective judgment of
how well the interview measure appears to measure what it intends to measure. To validate interview
measures, researchers can compare them with other established valid measures through a process called
convergent validity. If both measures agree, it indicates that the interview's validity is comparable to the

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established measure's validity. To achieve greater accuracy, minimizing bias is essential. Bias can stem
from the characteristics of the interviewer, the respondent, and the content of the questions.
Accuracy and Reliability in Quantitative Research
Evidence-based practice requires implementing findings from well-conducted, high-quality research
studies. Nurses need the skill to critique quantitative research, taking into consideration both the study's
results and its research issues. Research issues refer to the efforts made by researchers to enhance the
quality of their studies, which includes measuring accuracy and reliability.

Accuracy and Reliability in Questionnaires

Accuracy of Questionnaires:
Assessing the accuracy of questionnaires involves two aspects. Firstly, it examines whether
respondents completing the questionnaires do so accurately, honestly, and correctly. Secondly, it
investigates whether those who fail to return their questionnaires would have provided similar answers
as the respondents. To check accuracy, the intensive interview method can be used. It employs twelve
tactics, such as familiarization, temporal reconstruction, probing, and challenging, to ensure accurate
responses. Interviewers are trained to follow up with non-respondents, comparing the replies of
respondents and non-respondents to increase the reliability of the results.

Contrasts between Quantitative and Qualitative Research

The main contrast between accuracy and reliability in quantitative and qualitative research lies in the nature
of the research methods. In quantitative research, accuracy is about minimizing errors and ensuring precise
measurement, while reliability focuses on consistency and replicability of results. In qualitative research,
accuracy emphasizes the trustworthiness of interpretations and data representation, while reliability
emphasizes the consistency and dependability of the research process. While quantitative research aims for
high levels of accuracy and reliability to support generalizability and statistical significance, qualitative
research seeks to achieve rigor and credibility through careful attention to the data collection and analysis
process.
Here are the common contrasts between accuracy and reliability in quantitative and qualitative research:

Quantitative Research:
1. Accuracy in Quantitative Research: In quantitative research, accuracy refers to the degree to which the
data collected, or the measurements taken represent the true values of the variables being studied. It
involves ensuring that the data is free from errors or biases and accurately reflects the intended
measurements.

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2. Reliability in Quantitative Research: Reliability in quantitative research pertains to the consistency and
stability of the measurements or data over time and across different conditions. It ensures that if the same
study is conducted again using the same methods, similar results will be obtained.

Qualitative Research:
1. Accuracy in Qualitative Research: In qualitative research, accuracy focuses on the extent to which the
data collected, and the interpretations made by the researcher accurately represent the participants'
perspectives and experiences. Accuracy is achieved through thorough and meticulous data collection,
transcription, and analysis processes.

2. Reliability in Qualitative Research: Reliability in qualitative research does not have the same meaning as
in quantitative research. In qualitative research, researchers often prioritize dependability and consistency
in their methods, which means that the research process can be clearly and transparently documented so
that others can follow and potentially replicate the study.

Activity 03: LO3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on
meaningful conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.

3.1 Analyze research data using appropriate tools and techniques.

Data Analysis:
Data analysis is the process of examining and evaluating data using analytical and statistical tools to
uncover valuable information and support decision-making in various fields, including business, science,
and social sciences. It involves extracting, compiling, and modeling raw data to derive meaningful insights
that can be utilized to draw conclusions, predict outcomes, and make informed decisions. Different data
analysis methods, such as data mining, text analytics, business intelligence, and data visualizations, are
employed to analyze data from multiple sources. Organizations and enterprises leverage Big Data
management solutions and customer experience management solutions to transform data into actionable
insights. Data analysis aims to answer questions about past, present, and future events through predictive
analytics. Various techniques and methods are utilized in data analysis, including data mining, text
analytics, business intelligence, and data visualization.

Qualitative Data Analysis

Definition:
Qualitative data analysis involves the interpretation and understanding of non-numeric information, such as
interview transcripts, notes, audio and video recordings, images, and text documents. It aims to move from
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the collected qualitative data towards explanations, understanding, and interpretations of the people and
situations under investigation. Qualitative data analysis is rooted in an interpretative philosophy, focusing
on the meaningful and symbolic content of the data.
Categories of Qualitative Data Analysis:

1. Content Analysis:
Content analysis involves the process of categorizing verbal or behavioral data to classify, summarize, and
tabulate the information. Researchers identify patterns and themes within the data to gain insights and draw
conclusions.

2. Narrative Analysis:
Narrative analysis entails reformulating stories presented by respondents, considering the context of each
case and the unique experiences of each participant. Researchers examine and interpret the narratives
provided by respondents.

3. Discourse Analysis:
Discourse analysis is a method used to analyze naturally occurring talk and various forms of written text. It
aims to understand the linguistic and communicative aspects of the data.

4. Framework Analysis:
Framework analysis involves the identification of a thematic framework, followed by coding, charting,
mapping, and interpretation of the data. It is a structured approach to qualitative data analysis.

5. Grounded Theory:
Grounded theory is a method of qualitative data analysis that starts with an in-depth analysis of a single
case to formulate a theory. The theory emerges from the data rather than being preconceived before the
analysis.

Qualitative data analysis encompasses various methods and approaches to interpret and make sense of non-
numeric data. Researchers use these methods to gain deeper insights into the experiences, perspectives, and
behaviors of the participants in their study.

Qualitative Data Analysis Tools and Techniques

Introduction to Qualitative Research:

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Qualitative research involves in-depth cognitive analysis and is used to uncover trends in thoughts and
opinions, exploring problems at a deeper level. Data collection methods in qualitative research vary, and
they can be unstructured or semi-structured.

Software Tools for Qualitative Data Analysis:

Several software tools are available for analyzing qualitative data, making the process more efficient and
organized. Some popular tools include NVivo, ATLAS.ti, MAXQDA, and QDA Miner. These tools offer
various features and functionalities for analyzing different types of data, such as text, audio, video, and
images, collected from interviews, focus groups, surveys, social media, and journal articles.

NVivo:
NVivo is a versatile software used for both qualitative and mixed-methods research. It is particularly useful
for analyzing free text, audio, video, and image data. Researchers can manage and analyze a wide range of
data types, helping to extract meaningful insights from their research.

ATLAS.ti:
ATLAS.ti is another popular tool for qualitative analysis, especially for managing large data sets. This
software provides sophisticated features to aid in the organization and management of extensive qualitative
data, including various media types like text, audio, video, and more.

MAXQDA:
MAXQDA is comprehensive software designed to support qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods
research projects. It allows researchers to import, organize, analyze, visualize, and publish various forms of
data collected electronically.

QDA Miner:
QDA Miner is qualitative analysis software that facilitates document management and common qualitative
analysis tasks. Researchers can analyze and save coded information efficiently using this tool.

Text Analysis:
Text Analysis is a system used to identify themes in texts, primarily for ethnographic and discourse
research. Researchers can analyze, extract, and save coded information using this method.

Qualitative data analysis tools play a significant role in streamlining and enhancing the analysis process for
researchers. These tools provide valuable features to manage and extract insights from different types of

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qualitative data, ultimately helping researchers achieve their research objectives and answer research
questions effectively.

Quantitative Data Analysis

Definition:
Quantitative data analysis involves describing and interpreting objects statistically and numerically. The
primary goal of quantitative analysis is to interpret data collected for a phenomenon using numeric
variables and statistical methods. It often includes calculating frequencies of variables and identifying
differences between variables. A quantitative approach is commonly employed to find evidence that either
supports or rejects hypotheses formulated during the earlier stages of the research process.

Commonly Used Descriptive Statistics:

1. Frequencies:
Frequencies refer to the count of the number of times a particular score or value appears in the data set. It
provides insights into how often each value occurs.

2. Percentages:
Percentages are used to express a set of scores or values as a percentage of the whole. They help
understand the proportion of each value relative to the total.

3. Mean:
The mean is the numerical average of scores or values for a specific variable. It gives a central measure of
the data distribution.

4. Median:
The median is the numerical midpoint of scores or values, located at the center of the distribution. It is
useful for understanding the central tendency, especially when extreme values might skew the mean.

5. Mode:
The mode represents the most common score or value for a particular variable. It identifies the value that
occurs most frequently.

6. Minimum and Maximum Values Range:

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The range encompasses the highest and lowest values or scores for any variable. It shows the spread or
variation within the data set.

Quantitative data analysis relies on numerical methods and statistics to interpret data and draw conclusions.
Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, mean, median, mode, and range, help researchers
understand the distribution and characteristics of the data set, enabling them to make informed decisions
based on the data.

Quantitative Data Analysis Tools and Techniques

Quantitative data analysis tools are a set of software programs and methodologies that assist in collecting,
interpreting, and presenting numerical data for various industries and applications. These tools are
designed to streamline the data analysis process and provide valuable insights for decision-making and
research purposes. Here are some widely used quantitative data analysis tools:

SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences):

SPSS is a widely used general-purpose statistical package in academic research. It allows researchers to
edit, analyze, and present numerical data effectively. SPSS is compatible with various file formats
commonly used for structured data, such as Excel, plain text files, and relational (SQL) databases.

R:
R is a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. It can be run on different
platforms, including UNIX, Windows, and MacOS. R offers a wide range of statistical and graphical
techniques and is highly extensible, making it a popular choice among researchers and statisticians.

Microsoft Excel:
Microsoft Excel, though not a cutting-edge statistical analysis tool, provides a variety of data visualization
and simple statistical tools. It is widely accessible and user-friendly, making it suitable for generating
summary metrics and customizable graphics and figures. Excel serves as a useful tool for basic data
analysis and visualization.

These quantitative data analysis tools offer various functionalities and capabilities to help researchers,
professionals, and organizations analyze numerical data efficiently. Each tool has its strengths and may
cater to different types of data analysis requirements, depending on the specific needs of the users.
3.2. Communicate appropriate recommendations as a result of research and data analysis to draw
valid and meaningful conclusions.

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Analysis of Qualitative Data
Qualitative data analysis involves the process of comprehending and interpreting the perspectives and
opinions expressed by research participants regarding various situations. It includes identifying patterns,
themes, categories, and regular similarities in the data. The following definition provides a suitable
working understanding of qualitative data analysis. It emphasizes that the process is ongoing and iterative,
meaning that data collection, processing, analysis, and reporting are intertwined and not necessarily carried
out in a linear sequence.
Analysis of Interviews
Interviews were used as a data-gathering method to supplement the existing data and provide additional
insights into the research topics. They allowed for further exploration of the qualitative findings and
provided a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of company risk management and the training
needs of company managers, aligning with the research objectives. During the interviews, notes were taken
to record the data, and verbatim transcripts were created for analysis and interpretation.
To ensure the reliability and validity of the data, the transcribed interviews were shared with the
respondents for verification and confirmation of the content. However, only one respondent signed and
returned the transcribed text, which may impact the overall validation process. Nonetheless, interviews
served as a valuable tool to enhance the richness of the research findings and gain deeper insights into the
perspectives and experiences of the participants.
Analysis of Quantitative Data
The quantitative data in this study were derived from the structured questionnaire responses and were
organized based on the various sections and subsections of the questionnaire. These data were presented in
the form of tables, charts, and other graphics to enhance visual understanding and quick comprehension.
Each presentation of data included numerical scores and percentages, categorically arranged to provide an
overview of the data within specific groups. This method of presenting quantitative data allowed for a clear
and concise representation of the findings, facilitating easy interpretation and analysis.
Biographical Data
In the first section of the questionnaire (Section A), respondents were asked to provide information about
their gender and age. This data was collected to create a profile of the study population and to facilitate
comparisons between different groups relevant to the research. Initially, the focus will be on examining the
gender distribution of the participants.

Activity 03.03. Evaluate the selection of appropriate tools and techniques for accuracy and
authenticity to support and justify recommendations

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 1. Interviews
The interview is a social interaction between two individuals, involving psychological processes that
require mutual engagement from both parties. During an interview, a rapport is established between the
two individuals. This rapport-building aspect is not only relevant in survey methods but is also applicable
in various other research methodologies, such as historical, experimental, case studies, and clinical studies.

The advantages of interviews as a research method include:

 In-depth insights: Interviews allow researchers to gain in-depth and detailed insights into the
thoughts, feelings, and experiences of the participants. It provides a deeper understanding of the
research topic.

 Flexibility: Interviews offer flexibility in questioning, allowing researchers to adapt the questions
based on the participant's responses and explore new avenues of inquiry.

 Clarification: Researchers can clarify vague or ambiguous responses by asking follow-up questions,
ensuring a clearer understanding of the participant's perspective.

 Rapport and trust: Interviews enable the establishment of rapport and trust between the researcher
and the participant, fostering openness and more honest responses.

 Non-verbal cues: Face-to-face interviews allow researchers to observe non-verbal cues like body
language and facial expressions, providing additional context to the participant's responses.

Overall, interviews are a powerful research method that offers unique advantages in exploring complex
human experiences and understanding individual perspectives in various fields of study.

2. Schedule
When a researcher employs a set of questionnaires for conducting interviews, it is referred to as a schedule.
The effectiveness of using a schedule is primarily dependent on the interviewer's skills and tact rather than
solely on the quality of the questions asked. In other words, the success of the interview largely hinges on
how the interviewer engages with the participants and handles the interaction, rather than solely relying on
the content of the questions themselves.

The advantages of using a schedule, which is a set of questionnaires for conducting interviews, are as
follows:
 Standardization: Schedules allow for a standardized approach to data collection. The same set of
questions is administered to all participants, ensuring consistency in the data gathered.

 Efficiency: Using a schedule streamlines the interview process, making it more time-efficient
compared to open-ended interviews. Researchers can cover a wide range of topics in a structured
manner.

 Ease of Analysis: The structured format of schedules makes data analysis easier and more
manageable. Responses can be coded and quantified, enabling systematic comparison and
interpretation.

 Comparison Across Participants: Schedules facilitate direct comparisons between participants since
they all respond to the same set of questions. This allows for identifying patterns and trends in the
data.

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  Objective and Impartial: By following a standardized schedule, the interviewer remains objective
and impartial throughout the data collection process, minimizing bias.

Using a schedule for interviews offers several benefits, including standardization, efficiency, ease of
analysis, and objective data collection, making it a valuable tool for researchers in a wide range of studies.

3. Bar chart
A bar chart is a graphical representation of data that uses rectangular bars of varying lengths to represent
different categories or groups and their corresponding values. The length of each bar is proportional to the
magnitude of the data it represents. Bar charts are commonly used to display categorical data and compare
the quantities or frequencies of different groups.

Advantages of Bar Charts:

 Easy to Understand: Bar charts are simple and easy to interpret, making them accessible to a wide
range of audiences, including those with little or no statistical background.

 Visual Comparison: The length of the bars allows for a quick visual comparison of the data
between different categories, making it easy to identify trends, patterns, and disparities.

 Effective for Categorical Data: Bar charts are particularly suitable for representing categorical data
with distinct groups or categories, such as survey responses, product sales, or demographic
information.

 Clear Presentation of Data: The clear and straightforward presentation of data in a bar chart makes
it an effective tool for presenting findings in reports, presentations, or publications.

 Visualize Distribution: Bar charts can illustrate the distribution of data within each category,
showing variations, frequencies, or proportions among different groups.

The simplicity, effectiveness, and versatility of bar charts make them a valuable tool for data visualization
and analysis, providing a clear and concise representation of categorical data and supporting data-driven
decision-making processes.

4. Pie Chart
A pie chart is a two-dimensional circular chart that is divided into slices, each representing a percentage of
the whole. It visually represents data as fractions of a whole, making it easy to understand and interpret.
Some advantages of using pie charts include:

1. Simple and Easy-to-Understand:

Pie charts provide a straightforward and easy-to-understand visual representation of data. The circular
format with labeled slices makes it accessible to a wide range of audiences.

2. Effective Communication Tool:

As a visual representation of proportions, a pie chart effectively communicates the relative sizes of
different categories or groups within the data. It can be useful for conveying complex information to
even uninformed audiences.

3. Immediate Data Comparison:

The pie chart allows viewers to compare data at a glance. The relative sizes of the slices provide a
quick understanding of how different categories or groups compare to each other.

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4. Quick Information Grasping:
Pie charts enable viewers to grasp information quickly, making it easier to identify trends, patterns, or
major contributors to the whole data set.

5. Eliminates the Need for Data Examination:

Readers do not need to examine or measure underlying numbers themselves since the pie chart
visually represents the proportions of the data.

6. Emphasis on Key Points:

By manipulating the size of the slices, researchers or presenters can emphasize specific points or
highlight particular data categories, drawing attention to key insights.

It's important to note that while pie charts have their advantages, they might not always be the best choice
for all types of data representation. For instance, when there are too many slices or the differences between
the data proportions are small, a bar chart or other visualization methods might be more suitable. Careful
consideration of the data and the message being conveyed is essential to select the most appropriate
visualization technique.

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Activity 04. LO4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to
support sustainable organizational performance.

A well-designed assessment task is one that effectively measures students' achievement of the intended
learning outcomes. These learning outcomes represent what students are expected to know, understand, or
demonstrate because of their learning in a specific unit. Learning outcomes are written with action verbs
and describe observable and measurable skills or knowledge. Further information about learning outcomes
can be found on the Learning and Teaching Centre website and in the Evaluation Resource: Developing
Your Unit - Clear Goals and Standards.

The key to successful learning lies in aligning the curriculum, which involves three essential aspects:

1. Clear Learning Outcomes: Having well-defined and clear learning outcomes is crucial. These
outcomes specify what students are expected to achieve, understand, or demonstrate through their learning.

2. Effective Learning Experiences: Designing learning experiences that support and facilitate students'
attainment of the learning outcomes is essential. These experiences should be thoughtfully planned to
enhance students' understanding and application of the intended knowledge and skills.

3. Purposeful Assessment Tasks: Carefully designing assessment tasks is vital. These tasks should allow
students to showcase their achievement of the defined learning outcomes. Assessment should be aligned
with the intended learning objectives and accurately measure students' knowledge and abilities.

Successful learning is achieved when the curriculum aligns these three elements: clear learning outcomes,
well-designed learning experiences, and purposeful assessment tasks that together support students'
progress and demonstrate their achievement of the intended learning objectives.

Creating assessments that enable students to showcase their mastery of the learning outcomes.
The process of assessing learning can significantly impact students' educational experiences. One of the
main challenges in effective assessment is to ensure a strong alignment between learning goals, the
corresponding learning activities designed to achieve those goals, and the assessment tasks used to
evaluate students' attainment of those goals. Modern best practices in assessment emphasize alignment
with learning goals, encompassing not only content knowledge but also process and capabilities.

Key assessment terms

Here are some key assessment terms:

1. Assessment:
The process of gathering information and evidence to evaluate students' knowledge, skills, and abilities
in a particular subject or domain.

2. Learning Outcomes:
Specific statements that describe what students should know, understand, or be able to do by the end of
a learning experience.

3. Formative Assessment:
Ongoing assessment conducted during the learning process to provide feedback and guide instruction.
It is intended to support students' learning and improve their performance.
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4. Summative Assessment:
An assessment conducted at the end of a learning period to evaluate students' overall performance and
determine the level of achievement of the learning outcomes.

5. Rubric:
A scoring guide or framework that outlines the criteria and performance levels used to assess students'
work and provide feedback.

6. Validity:
The degree to which an assessment accurately measures what it is intended to measure and the extent
to which it aligns with the learning outcomes.

7. Reliability:
The consistency and stability of an assessment in producing similar results under consistent conditions.

8. Authentic Assessment:
An assessment that mirrors real-life tasks and situations, allowing students to apply their knowledge
and skills in meaningful contexts.

9. Criterion-Referenced Assessment:
An assessment that measures students' performance against predefined criteria or standards,
independent of other students' performance.

10. Norm-Referenced Assessment:

An assessment that compares students' performance with that of a norm group, usually to rank or
compare students' relative performance.

11. Performance Task:

An assessment that requires students to demonstrate their skills and abilities through completing a task
or project.

12. Diagnostic Assessment:

An assessment conducted at the beginning of a learning experience to identify students' strengths and
weaknesses and inform instructional planning.

13. Assessment Bias:

When an assessment unfairly advantages or disadvantages certain groups of students based on factors
unrelated to their actual abilities.

14. Assessment Literacy:

The understanding and ability of educators and students to interpret, use, and apply assessment data
effectively for learning and instructional improvement.

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 Evaluation of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Skills:
1. Quality Self-Work:
Evidence of when and how the individual has utilized this skill to identify their talents and work on
self-improvement.
2. Co-operation:
The ability to help and support others during challenging situations, promoting teamwork and
collaboration.
3. Communication:
A foundational skill for effective cooperation, crucial for productive meetings and day-to-day
operations.
4. Problem Solving:
The individual possesses a natural curiosity for solving problems, though acknowledges the need for
continuous improvement in this skill.
5. Achieving Aims:
Setting clear goals and using knowledge, skills, and determination to accomplish targets.
6. Working with Others:
Demonstrating the ability to interact, cooperate, and manage conflicts with others, leading to increased
efficiency and focus on shared objectives.
7. Interpersonal Skills:
Successfully interacting with others to complete tasks and job responsibilities, integrating these skills
into individual work.

Written Report:
A report is a common method of conveying information, recommendations, or conclusions for a specific
purpose. It is often used as an assessment task to evaluate strong report writing skills, which are valuable in
various professional contexts. Reports involve gathering and analyzing information using a discipline-
specific methodology and format. They can be utilized to assess laboratory experiments, fieldwork, or case
studies.

Presentation:
Presentations are typically delivered orally to a class on a prepared topic and may include the use of
presentation aids like PowerPoint, handouts, or audiovisuals. This assessment can be conducted individually
or in a group setting. Presentations can take various forms, such as role plays, facilitating group activities,
debates, product presentations, question and answer sessions, and formal speeches.

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 Evaluate the value of the project management process and use of quality research to meet stated
objectives and support own learning and performance.

Assessing Project Management Methodology:

The process of assessing, documenting, and selecting the right project management methodology for each
project may initially be detailed, time-consuming, and complex, but it is ultimately beneficial if the most
appropriate PMMs are chosen. This assessment helps solidify successful project outcomes, establish best
practices, and strengthen the connection between strategic planning and execution. PMI provides high-level
processes for tailoring PMMs that organizations should carefully evaluate to determine which
methodologies work best for different projects.
1) Determine Project Drivers: Identify and prioritize the primary goals and priorities of the project.
2) Identify Criteria: After establishing project drivers, determine all the criteria impacted by the
methodology and vice versa.
3) Identify Relevant Methodologies: Identify and consider all available methodologies most relevant to
the project.
4) Compare and Contrast: Spend time comparing and contrasting each PMM in relation to the project.
5) Risk Assessment: Consider which methodology offers the best results with the least risk.
6) Feedback and Buy-In: Seek feedback and gain buy-in from relevant stakeholders.
7) Document and Implement: Document the selected methodology and the rationale behind it, then
implement it.
8) Monitor and Modify: Continuously monitor and modify the methodology as needed.

Importance of Project Management:

Project management plays a crucial role in achieving project success. It involves proper time management,
planning, and creating a schedule that works for the team. Additionally, it clearly defines the project plan,
establishes an agreed schedule and plan, fosters teamwork, maximizes resources, manages integration,
controls costs, and ensures continuous quality management.

Conclusion:
Project management is indispensable to modern-day project managers and forms the foundation of project
success. Professionally managed projects follow the concepts and processes laid out in the art of Project
Management, leading to successful project outcomes.

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
 References
Bhat, A. (2023). Question Pro. Retrieved from Question Pro: https://www.questionpro.com/blog/qualitative-
research-methods/
Cornell, J. (2022, March 31). ProProfs Survey Maker. Retrieved from ProProfs Survey Maker:
https://www.proprofssurvey.com/blog/quantitative-research/
Unknown. (2020). Wrike. Retrieved from Wrike.com: https://www.wrike.com/remote-work-guide/what-is-
remote-work/
Unknown. (2022, March 04). What is Project Risk Management? . Retrieved from INSTITUTE PROJECT
MANAGEMENT: https://www.projectmanagement.ie/blog/project-risk-management/
Unknown. (2023). Vmware. Retrieved from VMware.com:
https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/remote-work.html#:~:text=Remote%20work%20is
%20the%20practice,corporate%20office%20building%20or%20campus.
Westland, J. (2022, January 17). PROJECT MANAGEMENT. Retrieved from PROJECT MANAGEMENT:
https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/triple-constraint-project-management-time-scope-cost

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T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Grading Rubric

Grading Criteria Achieved Feedback

P1: Devise project aims and

objectives for a chosen
scenario.
P2: Produce a project management
plan that covers aspects of cost,
scope, time, quality, communication,
risk and resources.
P3: Produce a work breakdown
structure and a Gantt Chart to provide
timeframes and stages for completion.
P4: Carry out small-scale research by
applying qualitative and quantitative
research methods appropriate for
meeting project aims and objectives.
P5: Analyse research and data using
appropriate tools and techniques

P6: Communicate appropriate

recommendations as a result of
research and data analysis to draw valid
and meaningful conclusions.
P7: Reflect on the value of undertaking
the research to meet stated objectives
and own learning and performance.
M1: Produce a comprehensive project
management plan, milestone schedule
and project schedule for
monitoring and completing the aims
and objectives of the project.
M2: Evaluate the accuracy and
reliability of different research methods
applied.
M3: Evaluate the selection of
appropriate tools and techniques for
accuracy and authenticity to support
and justify recommendations.
M4: Evaluate the value of the project
management process and use of quality
research to meet stated objectives and
support own learning and
performance.
D1: Critically evaluate the project
management process and appropriate
research methodologies applied.
D2: Critically evaluate the research and
data analysis tools used in the project
development stages.
D3: Critically evaluate how the project
supports sustainable organisational
39
T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
performance.

40
T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Student
Name/ID
Unit Title
Assignment Assessor
Number
Date Received
Submission
1st submission
Date
Date Received 2nd
Re-submission
submission
Date
Assessor Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Resubmission Feedback:

41
T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project
Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

42
T D Sasanthi Irunika Managing a Successful Computing Project