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Programming Embedded Systems in C

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6 views

Programming Embedded Systems in C

Uploaded by

vaishukg112
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Embedded Systems

in C
Embedded system

• An embedded system is an application that contains at least


one programmable computer (typically in the form of a
microcontroller, a microprocessor or digital signal processor
chip) and which is used by individuals who are, in the main,
unaware that the system is computer-based.
Typical examples of embedded applications

• Mobile phone systems (including both customer handsets


and base stations).

• Automotive applications (including braking systems,


traction control, airbag release systems, engine-
management units).

• Domestic appliances (including dishwashers, televisions,


washing machines, microwave ovens, video recorders,
security systems).
Typical examples of embedded applications

• Aerospace applications (including flight control systems,


engine controllers, autopilots and passenger in-flight
entertainment systems).

• Medical equipment (including anaesthesia monitoring


systems, ECG monitors, drug delivery systems and MRI
scanners).
• Defence systems (including radar systems, fighter aircraft
flight control systems, radio systems and missile guidance
systems).
INTRODUCTION
• Some important decisions must be made at the start of any
embedded project:

• The choice of processor.


• The choice of programming language.
• The choice of operating system.
Which programming language should you use?
• Key decision that needs to be made is the choice of
programming language.
• To identify a suitable language for embedded systems , the
following observations must be made:
• Computers (such as microcontroller, microprocessor or DSP
chips) only accept instructions in ‘machine code’ (‘object
code’).
• Interpretation of the code by the programmer is difficult
and error prone.
• All software, whether in assembly, C, C++, or Java must
ultimately be translated into machine code in order to be
executed by the computer.
• Poor translator generate poor executable code.

• Embedded processors – like the 8051 – have limited


processor power and very limited memory available: the
language used must be efficient.

• Need low-level access to the hardware.

• The language chosen should be in common use.

• All we can really say is that we require a language that is


efficient, high-level, gives low-level access to hardware, and
is well defined.

• Against all of these points, C scores well.


C’s features as follows:
• It is ‘mid-level’, with ‘high-level’ features (such as support for
functions and modules), and ‘low-level’ features (such as good
access to hardware via pointers).

• It is very efficient.

• It is popular and well understood.

• Even desktop developers who have used only Java or C++ can
soon understand C syntax.

• Good, well-proven compilers are available.

• Overall, C’s strengths for embedded system development


Programing in Embedded C
• The simplest architecture in an embedded system is typically
a form of ‘Super Loop’
• When power is applied to the system.

• The function main() will be called: having


performed the initializations,

• The function X() will be called, repeatedly, until the


system is disconnected from the power supply

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