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Strings in Python

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halima sadouk
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5 views

Strings in Python

Uploaded by

halima sadouk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Type str: Strings in Python

String Literal

A string literal is a sequence of characters. In Python, this type is called str.


Strings in Python start and end with a single quotes (') or double quotes ("). A
string can be made up of letters, numbers, and special characters. For example:
>>> 'hello'
'hello'
>>> 'how are you?'
'how are you?'
>>> 'short- and long-term'
'short- and long-term'

If a string begins with a single quote, it must end with a single quote. The same
applies to double-quoted strings. You can not mix the type of quotes.

Escape Sequences

To include a quote within a string, use an escape character (\) before it. Otherwise
Python interprets that quote as the end of a string and an error occurs. For example,
the following code results in an error because Python does not expect anything to
come after the second quote:
>>> storm_greeting = 'wow, you're dripping wet.'
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
The escape sequence \' indicates that the second quote is simply a quote, not the
end of the string:
>>> storm_greeting = 'Wow, you\'re dripping wet.'
"Wow, you're dripping wet."

An alternative approach is to use a double-quoted string when including a single-


quote within it, or vice-versa. Single- and double-quoted strings are equivalent. For
example, when we used double-quotes to indicate the beginning and end of the
string, the single-quote in you're no longer causes an error:
>>> storm_greeting = "Wow, you're dripping wet."
"Wow, you're dripping wet."

String Operators

Expression Description Example Output


str1 + str2 concatenate str1 and str1 print('ab' + 'c') abc
str1 * int1 concatenate int1 copies of str1 print('a' * 5) aaaaa
int1 * str1 concatenate int1 copies of str1 print(4 * 'bc') bcbcbcbc

Note: concatenate means to join together

The * and + operands obey by the standard precedence rules when used with
strings.

All other mathematical operators and operands result in a TypeError.

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