Important Question & Answers of

Book - Employability Skills

Unit I - Communication Skills.
Q1. Communication skills are very important for any business. Explain any two elements of a communication
process.
ANSWER
The various elements of a communication cycle are:
Sender: the person beginning the communication.
Message: the information that the sender wants to convey.
Channel: the means by which the information is sent.
Receiver: the person to whom the message is sent.
Feedback: the receiver’s acknowledgement and response to the message.
(ANY TWO CAN BE EXPLAINED).
Q2. In what way does inadequate planning hinder effective communication? (2)
Answer:
Poor planning act as a barrier to communication as without adequate planning the result desired
due to the communication may not be achieved. So, we need to properly plan what message we
want to send before actually sending it.

Q3. Why it is important to have a good communication skills ?

Answer:
Communication today is very important both in the business world and in private life. Successful
communication helps us better understand people and situations. It helps us overcome
diversities, build trust and respect, and create conditions for sharing creative ideas and solving
problems.
Q4. List the different types of verbal communication. Include examples for each verbal
communication type.
Answer:
There are four types of verbal communication:
 Intrapersonal communication. ex-juggle role between sender and receiver.
 Interpersonal communication. ex-clearer manner.
 Small group communication. ex- press conferences.
 Public communication ex-election campaigns.
Q5. What do you mean by visual communication? (2)
Answer: When a person expresses ideas, views or thoughts through pictures, posters, charts,
animations etc. it is known as visual communication.
OR
The conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be seen through the eye is referred to as
visual communication.
OR
Visual communication proves to be effective since it involves interchanging messages only through
images or pictures and therefore, you do not need to know any particular language for understanding
it. It is simple and remains consistent across different places.
OR
Exchanging Information through Images
OR
Draw some images related to communication

20 Mention any of the four barriers to communication. Ans: 2

1) The use of jargon, could be over-complicated or used unfamiliar terms.
2) Emotional barriers and taboos.
3) Difference in perception and viewpoint.
4) Physical disabilities: such as hearing problems or speech difficulties.
5) Physical barriers to nonverbal communication. Not able to move any part.
6) Language differences and the difficulty in understanding unfamiliar accents.
7) Expectations and prejudices which may lead to false assumptions or stereotyping. People often hear
what they expect to hear rather than what is actually said and jump to incorrect conclusions.
8) Cultural difference: The norms of social interaction vary greatly in different cultures as do the way in
which emotions are expressed.

21 What are the learning objectives of effective communication?

Ans: • Sending, receiving and understanding the message or information
• Development of Interpersonal Skills
• To express effectively with maximum efficiency
22 Define 7 C’s of communication.
Ans: According to the 7 Cs, communication needs to be:
1. Completeness-The communication must be complete. It should convey all facts
required by the audience. Complete communication develops and enhances reputation
of an organization. Complete communication helps in better decision-making by the
audience/readers/receivers of message as they get all desired and crucial information.
2. Conciseness -Concise communication provides short and essential message in
limited words to the audience. Concise message is more appealing and comprehensible
to the audience.
3. Consideration -Consideration implies “stepping into the shoes of others”. Ensure
that the self-respect of the audience is maintained and their emotions are not hurt.
4. Clarity -Clarity implies emphasizing on a specific message or goal at a time, rather
than trying to achieve too much at once. Clarity of thoughts and ideas enhances the
meaning of message.
5. Concreteness -Concrete communication implies being particular and clear rather
than fuzzy and general. Concreteness strengthens the confidence. It is supported with
specific facts and figures. It makes use of words that are clear and that build the
reputation.
6. Courtesy -Courtesy in message implies the message should show the sender’s
expression as well as should respect the receiver. The sender of the message should be
sincerely polite, judicious, reflective and enthusiastic.
7. Correctness -Correctness in communication implies that there are no grammatical
errors in communication. The message is exact, correct and well-timed.
 Important Question & Answers of
Book - Employability Skills
Unit II - Self-Management Skills.
Q1. Goal setting is a very essential factor in your personal life. List all the SMART methods to set the goals.
Explain ‘A’ in brief.
ANSWER
SMART GOALS ARE:
S - Specific
M- Measurable
A - Achievable
R - Realistic
T - Time bound Achievable: Breaking down big goals into smaller parts will make the goal achievable.
Q2. What is fatigue-related stress? Why is it difficult to avoid? (2)
Answer:
Fatigue-related stress builds up over a long time and can take a heavy toll on our bodies. It is
caused by working too long or too hard at our job, school, or home. It can also be caused by
exercising too much or too long. If you do not know how to manage your time well or how to take
time out for rest, you will become a victim of fatigue-related stress. It is difficult to avoid because
many people feel that it is out of their control.

Q3. What is “self motivation”? (2)

Answer : Self-motivation is simply the force within you that drives you to do things.
Selfmotivation is what pushes us to achieve our goals, feel happy and improve our quality
of life.
OR
Self-motivation is our ability to do the things that need to be done without someone or
something influencing us.
OR
Self-motivation drives a person to attempt and accomplish tasks. It occurs when a
person independently uses one or more strategies to keep himself on track towards
achieving a goal.

2 marks for any correct explanation/any relevant answer

 Important Question & Answers of
Book - Employability Skills
Unit III - ICT Skills-II
Q1. What are the measures to increase the performance of a computer system?
ANSWER
The performance of a computer can be increased by removing any extra files such as temporary files and
images. We can use some disk cleaner software, which helps us clean up the unnecessary files.
Q2. What is an operating system? (2)
Answer:
The operating system is the system software that performs all the basic tasks of a computer
system. It works like an interface between the user and the computer hardware resources. It is a
collection of programs that controls and coordinates the execution of all other tasks and functions
in a computer system. It mainly provides an environment to run the software and serves services
to the computer hardware.

Q3. Write any four rules which are to be followed for creating strong passwords.
Answer:
Following are general rules to be followed for creating strong passwords:
 Keep the length of the password 12–14 characters if permitted.
 Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter or number sequences, usernames, relative or pet
names etc.
 Include numbers and symbols in passwords if allowed.
 Use capital/upper-case and small/lower-case letters.
 Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or purposes.
 Avoid using something that the public or workmates know you strongly like or dislike.
 Use random password generators if possible.
 Use a combination of alphanumeric and special characters Example of a strong password: genXHd#@123$

Q4. Differentiate between LAN and WAN with two points only.
Answer:
Points LAN WAN
i Full Form: Local Area Network Full Form: Wide Area Network
ii Explanation: A network which connects Explanation: A network which connects
computers and devices in a limited geographical computers and devices over a broad /large
area. geographical area.
iii Example: Intranet, any network at Room, Home, Example: Internet, any network that links
School, Computer Lab, Office Building or closely across metropolitan, regional or national
positioned group of buildings. boundaries.

(1 mark each for writing any of the two point from the above)
(Any relevant explanation/example apart from the above should also be considered)
 Important Question & Answers of
Book - Employability Skills
Unit IV - Entrepreneurial Skills-II
Q1. Mention any two misconceptions about the Entrepreneurship.
ANSWER
Misconception 1 The misconception is that every business idea needs to be unique or special.
Misconception 2 The misconception we have is that a person needs a lot of money to start a business.
Misconception 3 A misconception we have is that only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur.
Misconception 4 A misconception we have is that entrepreneurs are born, not made.
(ANY TWO CAN BE MENTIONED)

Q2. What is the contribution of the entrepreneurs in the execution of Government policies? (2)
Answer:
Entrepreneurs make an important contribution in implementing government policies and
achieving the national goals. They cooperate with the government for the implementation of
development plans in the country.

Q3. Define entrepreneurship. 2

Answer: Entrepreneurship is the type of self-employment where one is running a
business to satisfy the needs of people and looking for ways to make the business
better to make profits.
OR
Entrepreneurship can be described as starting a business by using the resources
available to a person.
2 marks for the correct definition/any relevant answer
OR
1 mark for writing the quality of successful entrepreneur

Q4. List the ways in which an entrepreneur affects a society. (4)

Ans: The ways in which an entrepreneur affects a society are:
 Fulfil Customer Needs: Entrepreneurs find out what people want. Then, they use their creativity to come up
with a business idea that will meet that demand.
 Use Local Materials: Entrepreneurs use the material and people available around them, to make products at
low cost.
  Help Society: They make profits through activities that benefit society. Some entrepreneurs work towards
saving the environment, some give money to build schools and hospitals. This way, the people and area
around them becomes better.
 Create Jobs: With the growth of a business, entrepreneurs look for more people to help them. They buy
more material, and from more people.The also hire more people to work for them.
 Sharing of Wealth: As entrepreneurs grow their business, the people working for them and in related
businesses also grow. Lower Price of Products: As more entrepreneurs sell the same product, the price of
the product goes down. For example, when more mobile phones were getting sold in India, the cost of the
phone became lesser.

Q5. State a difference between an entrepreneur and a businessman. (2)

Ans. An entrepreneur is different from a conventional businessman. A businessman is
someone who sets up a business with an existing idea offering products and services to
customers. An entrepreneur, on the other hand, is a person who starts an enterprise with a
new idea or concept or a better way to offer an existing idea or concept.
Q6. What do you think are the important functions of an entrepreneur? Write your answer giving suitable examples.
(4)
Ans. The functions of an entrepreneur are:
Making Decisions: An entrepreneur makes decisions everyday. This includes what to produce or sell, how much
and where to sell.
Managing the Business: An entrepreneur plans the future of his or her business. He/she arranges for raw material,
hires people for work and tells everyone what to do. They also check if the plan is being followed.
Divide Income: The entrepreneur divides the business money into many groups. He/she spends money to buy
material, pays rent of the building and salaries to people.
Taking Risk: Risk is the chance of something going wrong. An entrepreneur takes risks against fires, lost items and
theft. Create a new Method, Idea or Product: An entrepreneur is always trying new things. He/she does this to
increase their importance and income.
Q7. What is the difference between a misconception and reality? Give an example. (2)
Ans. The difference between misconception and reality are:
Misconception: A myth, or a misconception, is a false belief or opinion about something. For example, if we think
tall people run faster than short people, we have a misconception. It is not true. The truth is that short people can
also run fast.
Reality: Reality means the things which actually exist. It may happen that it appears or nor. You may have unnoticed
it but in actual it exists. In other words, the reality is all the things which has real existence irrespective of
appearance or not.

Q8. What is a business plan? (2)

Ans. An entrepreneur conducts studies to assess the feasibility of the market as regards the proposed products or
services. He makes an assessment of the resources required to run the enterprise and the problems that may
possibly be faced. Such a blue print of an enterprise is termed as a business plan or a project report.

Q9. Why an entrepreneur is considered as an ‘enterprising man’? (2)

Ans. A business does not get started by itself. It is the entrepreneur who takes the risks and
is willing to face devastating failure. He braves uncertainty, strikes out on his own wit,

Q10. What do you mean by the term entrepreneurial skills? (2)

Ans. Entrepreneurial skills are the basic skills that help an entrepreneur to start, develop, finance and successfully
run a business. Every entrepreneur who is starting a business must have a complete knowledge of the various
aspects of his/her business, not only for the success of his venture; but also for its growth and expansion.

Q11. Do you think an entrepreneur is innovative by nature? Discuss. (2)

Ans. Customer’s requirements and tastes keep on changing, therefore, production should meet the customer’s
requirements. Thus, innovativeness is another important characteristic of an entrepreneur. He always tries to out
strive others by taking initiative in doing new things, i.e. exploring new products, new markets, new raw materials,
new methods of production etc.

Q12. What are the myths of entrepreneurship? Explain. (4)

Ans. The myths of entrepreneurship are as follows
(i) It is Easy to Start a Business: This depends on the scale of the enterprise. Starting up a large entrepreneurial
venture is a challenging process. Small scale enterprises are easier to set up. Moreover, the rate of failure of
new ventures is quite high all over the world. Just about one-third of all enterprises become profitable only
after operating for several years.
(ii) Lot of Money is needed to Startup a New Venture: Again, this depends on the type and scale of the business
venture. There are ventures that can be started with a small amount of money. Big ventures need a lot of
investment.
(iii) A Startup cannot Borrow from the Banks: Today our government is promoting startup ventures and offering
them loans on easy terms under various government schemes such as MUDRA (Micro-units Development
and Refinance Agency) and MSME (Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises) scheme.
(iv) Businesses either Flourish or Fail: This is not always the case. Some ventures initially falter or have lackluster
growth rates. However, with right re-planning and effort they may go on to achieve a healthy growth.
(v) A Good Idea is the only Requirement for a Successful Enterprise: Remember that even the best of ideas
need proper execution to become a reality. Ideas are important, but so are planning, talent, leadership,
communication and a host of other factors.

Q13. Describe the disadvantages of entrepreneurship as a career. (4)

Ans. Some of the common disadvantages of entrepreneurship as a career are as follows
(i) Huge Amount of Time: You have to dedicate a huge amount of time to your own business. Entrepreneurship is
not easy and for it to be successful, you have to take a level of time commitment.
(ii) Risk: Entrepreneurship involves high risk of loss. If the business fails then it will wipe away all the personal
savings.
(iii) Hard Work: Entrepreneur has to work very hard to make the new business very successful. (iv) Uncertain
Amount: There is no regular or fixed income available to an entrepreneur. So, there is always uncertainty in terms of
income.
(v) Incompetent Staff: A new entrepreneur may not be able to hire qualified and experienced staff so there are
chances of incompetency by the staff due to lack of experience and knowledge.
 Important Question & Answers of
Book - Employability Skills
Unit V - Green Skills-II
Q1. How can an individual contribute to Sustainable Development Goals?
ANSWER
Sustainable development can happen only when each one of us works towards it. One has to become a
responsible environment citizen who can protect the environment through our efforts, who can help others to
get quality education, by reducing inequalities in the society etc.
Q2. How can individuals acquire green skills? (2)
Answer:
Individuals can acquire green skills through education and training programs focused on
sustainability, attending workshops, gaining practical experience, and staying updated with
environmental developments.
Q3. What is the meaning of sustainable development?
Ans: Sustainable development is the development that satisfies the needs of the present without compromising the
capacity of future generations, guaranteeing the balance between economic growth, care for the environment and
social well-being

Q4. List some ways in which we can use resources sensibly 2

Ans: We can become responsible for our own environment by 1. reusing paper, glass, plastic,
water, etc. 2. taking cloth bags to market carrying fruits and vegetables. 3. donate

Q5. Give the definition of sustainable development as suggested by Brundtland Report.

Ans. According to Brundtland report, development that meets the needs of the present,
without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their needs is sustainable
development.

Q6. How does sustainable development helps to manage climate change?

Ans. Climate change can be mitigated through sustainable development practices. These
practices seek to reduce the use of fossil-based sources of fuel such as petrol, diesel, natural
gas and coal.
Fossil fuels as sources of energy are unsustainable since they will be depleted at some time.
Their burning is also responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases and consequent global
warming and climate change.

Q7.
What should be done to make efficient use of electricity?
Ans. To make efficient use of electricity are as follows
(i) Don’t waste electricity. Turn off lights and unplug appliances when not in use.
(ii) Select clean, renewable energy sources like solar lights.
(iii) Avoid cars or do car-pools and use cycles or public transport.

Q8. Why there is a need for sustainable development? Give reasons.

Ans. Sustainable development is necessary for the maintenance of the environment. There is a need of sustainable
development because of the following reasons
(i) Sustainable development teaches people to make use of means and resources for the maximum benefit
without wastage.
(ii) Sustainable development brings about changes in people’s knowledge, attitude and skill.
(iii) Sustainable development aims at achieving the goal of economic and social development without
destroying the Earth’s means and resources

Q9. Describe any four major problems associated with sustainable development.
Ans. Four problems associated with sustained development are as follows
(i) The concept of sustainable development is subject to criticism. What, exactly, is to be sustained in a sustainable
development? Any positive rate of exploitation of a non-renewable resource will eventually lead to exhaustion of
Earth’s final stock.
(ii) Turning the concept of sustainability into policy raises questions about how to assess the well being of present
and future generations. The issue is more complicated because our children do not just inherit environmental
pollution and resource depletion, but also enjoy the fruits of our labour, in the forms of education, skills, and
knowledge (i.e. human capital), as well as physical capital.
 (iv) Poor management of natural resources, combined with growing economic activities, will continue to
pose serious challenges to environment. The problem arises because people, institutions and
governments have failed to evolve mechanism and policies to strike a balance between development
and conservation of resources and preservation of environment.
(v) The commonly held view that greater economic activity necessarily hurts the environment, is based on
static assumptions about technology, tastes and environmental investments. In reality, the relationships
between inputs and outputs and the overall effects of economic activities on the environment, are
continually changing.

Q10. How can you prepare for emergencies?

Ans. To prepare for emergencies, follow the given guidelines (i) Follow workspace protocol and guidelines to ensure
safety and health; know and understand rules and procedures concerning fire emergencies. (ii) Ensure that smoke
alarms and sprinkler systems are installed, working properly and are not blocked. (iii) Conduct regular fire drills.
Q11. What are biological hazards? 2
Ans. Biological hazards are caused by bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals and

Q12. Explain any five precautions at workplace.

Ans. Any five precautions at workplace are as follows: (i) First aid boxes at various places in the office. (ii) Trained
first aiders -on all floors of a building. (iii) Knowledge of the nearest casualty department or local hospital. (iv) Access
to call for an ambulance. (v) Ability to provide immediate assistance to casualties with illnesses or injuries caused by
a specific hazard at work.

Important Question & Answers of

Book – Subject Specific Skills
Unit I – Digital Documentation.
Q1. What is the utility of text wrapping in a document?
ANSWER
Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to the surrounding text, which may wrap around the graphic on
one or both sides, be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic, or treat the graphic as a separate paragraph
or character.
Q2. Elaborate four different types of styles which can be provided in a Word Processor. ANSWER
• Paragraph styles control all aspects of a paragraph’s appearance, such as text alignment, tab stops, line
spacing, and borders, and can include character formatting.
• Character styles affect selected text within a paragraph, such as the font and size of text, or bold and italic
formats.
• Cell styles include fonts, alignment, borders, background, number formats (for example, currency, date,
number), and cell protection.
• Graphics styles in drawings and presentations include line, area, shadowing, transparency, font, connectors,
dimensioning, and other attributes. (Or any other valid style )
Q3. What do you mean by template? (2)
Answer:
A template is a collection of styles that already have some formatting in place, such as fonts,
logos, and line spacing, and can be used as a starting point for almost anything that you want to
create. Microsoft Word offers hundreds of free templates, including invoices, resumes, invitations,
and form letters, among others.

Q4. Riddhima wants to know about mailing labels in a word processor. Help her to find
the answers to the given questions. (4)
(a) What is a mailing label?
(b) What are the ways to prepare and print mailing labels?
Answer:
(a) Mailing labels are usually pieces of paper with adhesive on the back that can be
affixed to packages or envelopes to identify the name and address of a recipient. They
may also indicate the name and address of the person sending the mail. Mailing labels
are extremely useful and time-saving for the people who must send out a large volume of
mail.

(b) Mailing labels can be created in two ways:

 Printing multiple copies of a single label

 Printing address lists where each label contains a different address

Q5. What do you understand by styles ? 2

Answer: A style is a set of formats that you can apply to selected pages, text,
frames, and other elements in your document to quickly change their appearance.
Styles help improve consistency in a document.
 OR

Styles are logical attributes. Using styles means that you stop saying “font size
14pt, Times New Roman, bold, centered”, and you start saying “Title” because you
have defined the “Title” style to have those characteristics.

OR

Style means that we shift the emphasis from what the text (or page, or other
element) looks like, to what the text is.

2 marks for any correct explanation/any relevant answer

Important Question & Answers of

Book – Subject Specific Skills
Unit II – Electronic Spreadsheet.
Q1. Differentiate between Relative and Absolute Hyperlinks with the help of an example. ANSWER
An absolute hyperlink will stop working only if the target is moved. A relative hyperlink will stop working only if
the source and target locations change relative to each other. Suppose, if you have two spreadsheets in the
same folder linked to each other and you move the entire folder to a new location, a relative hyperlink will not
break a link.
Q2. What is the use of Macros in a Spreadsheet?
ANSWER
Macros help in saving time in cases when the same set of tasks are to be done repeatedly like formatting or
applying a similar formula in a similar range of data. It can be used to name and record a set of actions or set of
actions.
Q3. Define the following:
a) Subtotals b) Consolidating Data
ANSWER
a) Subtotals Subtotal adds data arranged in an array—that is, a group of cells with labels for columns and/or
rows. It is available in Data Tab, using the Subtotals dialog, you can select arrays, and then choose a statistical
function such as Count, Min, Max etc. to be applied on arrays. For efficiency, one must choose up to three
groups of arrays to which to apply a function.
b) Consolidating Data Consolidate provides a graphical interface for copying data from one range of cells to
another, then running one of a dozen functions on the data. During consolidation, the contents of cells from
several sheets can be combined in one place.
Q4. What is the difference between absolute and relative hyperlinks as used in Calc? (2)
Answer:
Hyperlinks can be stored within your file as either relative or absolute. An absolute link will stop
working only if the target is moved. A relative link will stop working only if the start and target
locations change relative to each other. For instance, if you have two spreadsheets in the same
folder linked to each other and you move the entire folder to a new location, a relative hyperlink
will not break but an absolute link will break.

Q5. Write the steps to insert a record in a Datasheet View. (2)

Answer:
The steps to insert a record in a Datasheet View are as follows:

 Step 1: When you create a table, a new blank record automatically appears in
the second row of the table.
 Step 2: If you enter data in the last record, a new blank record will
automatically appear at the end of the table.
 Step 3: Type data into the fields.
 Step 4: When you have finished adding records in the datasheet, save it and
close it.

Q6. Rita is working on a spreadsheet. She wants to know about the use of the following
terms: (4)
(a) Quick Sort
(b) Filtering Data
Answer:
(a) Quick Sort is especially useful when you add new information to a spreadsheet. When
a spreadsheet is long, it is usually easier to add new information at the bottom of the
sheet, rather than adding it in its correct place. After you have added information, you
can sort the records to update the spreadsheet and put the information in its correct
place in quick sort.

(b) When a sheet contains a large amount of data, it can be difficult to find information
quickly. In that case, Filters can be used to narrow down the data in your worksheet,
allowing you to view only the information you need. In other words, Filters help you to ask
questions about your data and retrieve only the relevant information filtering away the
undesirable data.

Q7. Define cell reference. (2)

Answer: A cell reference refers to a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet and can be
used to find the values or data that you want a formula to calculate.

Q8. Differentiate between relative and absolute hyperlink. (2)

Answer: An absolute link will stop working only if the target is moved. A relative link will
stop working only if the start and target locations change relative to each other. For
instance, if you have two spreadsheets in the same folder linked to each other and you
move the entire folder to a new location, a relative hyperlink will not break but the
absolute hyperlink won't work.

2 marks for the correct explanation/any relevant answer

Important Question & Answers of

Book – Subject Specific Skills
Unit III – RDBMS.
Q1. Differentiate between Primary key and Foreign key.
ANSWER
A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table whereas a foreign key identifies a column or set
of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table. A
table can have only one primary Key but a table can have multiple foreign keys.
Q2. What is DBMS? Explain any two advantages of DBMS.
ANSWER
A database management system is a software package with computer programs that controls the creation,
maintenance, and use of an integrated collection of data records, files, and other objects. It allows
organizations to conveniently develop databases for various applications.
Advantages:
i) Data integrity: means the data is accurate and consistent in the database. It is very important as there are
multiple databases in a DBMS so it helps to produce the correct result.
ii) Data sharing: In a database, the users can share the data among themselves. Data can be shared for multiple
purposes with the users located at different geographical locations then remote users can also access the
database simultaneously. (Or any other relevant advantage).
Q3.
a) The structure of a table “ITEM” is given below. Suggest suitable data type and size of each column.
Column name Type Size
Itemno ____________ ______
Iname ____________ ______
Price ____________ ______
Quantity ____________ ______
b) Consider the following table “ITEM”:
Table: Item
Itemno Iname Price Quantity
11 Soap 40 80
22 Powder 80 30
33 Face cream 250 25
44 Shampoo 120 100
55 Soap box 20 50

Write queries to
i. Display the total amount of each item. The amount must be calculated as the price multiplied by
quantity for each item.
ii. Display the details of items whose price is less than 50.
ANSWER
a) Itemno integer (10)
Iname varchar(15)
Price decimal(5,2)
 Quantity integer(3)
b) i. Select price * quantity from item;
ii. Select * from item where price < 50;
Q4. What is the role of a foreign key in a database management system (DBMS)? (2)
Answer:
In a DBMS, a foreign key establishes a relationship between two tables. It references the primary
key of another table, enforcing referential integrity. It ensures data consistency by preventing
actions that would violate the defined relationships, such as deleting a record referenced by a
foreign key constraint.

Q5. Consider the following table PRODUCT (4)

TABLE: PRODUCT

S_NO P_Name S_Name Qty Cost City

S1 Biscuit Priyagold 120 12.00 Delhi

S2 Bread Britannia 200 25.00 Mumbai

S3 Chocolate Cadbury 350 40.00 Mumbai

S4 Sauce Kissan 400 45.00 Chennai

(i) How many fields and records are there in the PRODUCT table?
(ii) Write SQL queries for the following:
(a) Display all Products whose Qty is between 100 and 400.
(b) Display S_Name, P_Name, and Cost for all the Products whose Qty is less
than 300.
(c) Display all the records alphabetically by S_Name.
Answer:
(i) There are 6 fields and 4 records in the table PRODUCT.
(ii) (a) SELECT* FROM PRODUCT WHERE Qty BETWEEN 100 AND 400;
 (b) SELECT S _Name, P _Name, Cost FROM PRODUCT WHERE Qty <300;
(c) SELECT * FROM PRODUCT ORDER BY S_Name;

Q6. Shubham is learning about DBMS. He wants to know about the following: (4)
(a) The purpose of DBMS
(b) Any two uses of DBMS
Answer:
(a) DBMS (Database Management System) is used to store logically related information at
a centralized location. It facilitates data sharing among all the applications requiring it.
(b) Two uses of the database management system are as follows:

 DBMS is used to store data at a centralized location.

 It is used to minimize data redundancy and data inconsistency.

Q6. Explain any two types of relationship that can be created in tables.

Answer: There are three types of relationships which can be created in tables:

1. ONE to ONE

2. ONE to MANY or MANY to ONE

3. MANY to MANY

One to One Relationship: In this relationship, both the tables must have primary key
columns.
OR
In this relationship, primary key column of one table is associated with primary key
column of another/associated table.
OR
In this relationship, a record in table A is associated with only one record in table B.
One to Many Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key
column. It signifies that one column of primary key table is associated with all the
columns of associated table.
OR
In this relationship, one record of parent table is associated with more than one record of
another/associated/child table.
OR
In this relationship, one record in table A is associated with several records in table B.
Many to One Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key
column. It signifies that all the columns of primary key table are associated with one
column of associated table.
OR
In this relationship, more than one record of parent table is associated with one record of
another/associated/child table.
OR

In this relationship, several records in table A is associated with one record in table B.
Many to Many Relationship: In this relationship, no table has the primary key column. It
signifies that all the columns of primary key table are associated with all the columns of
associated table.
OR
In this relationship, a record in table A is associated with several records in table B and
vice-versa.
(1 mark each for correct explanation of any two types of relationship)
Note: 1/2 Marks should be awarded for example without explanation.

Q7. What is the difference between form and reports?

Answer:
Form: A form provides the user a systematic way of collecting information for a database.
OR
It is an interface in a user specified layout that lets users view, enter and change data directly in database objects such as
tables.
Reports:
A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner.
OR
A report is used to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.
OR
A report is an effective way to organise and summarize the data for viewing or printing. (1 mark each for correct
explanation of Form and Report)

Q8. Define the following:

a. Database Management System (DBMS)
b. Primary key
c. Numeric data type
d. Referential integrity
Answer:
a. A database management system is a software package with computer programs that controls the creation,
maintenance and use of a database.
b. A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table.
OR
A primary key is a field/column/attribute or set of fields/columns/attributes of which uniquely identifies
records/rows/tuples in a table/relation.
OR
Primary Key = Unique + Not Null
c. Numeric data types are numbers stored in database column.
The exact numeric data types are INTEGER, INT, TINYINT, SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, BIGINT, NUMBER, DECIMAL, NUMERIC,
FLOAT, REAL, DOUBLE.
d. Referential integrity is used to maintain accuracy and consistency of data in a relationship. OR Referential integrity is a
system of rules that a DBMS uses to ensure that relationships between records in related tables are valid.
(1 mark for correct answer in each part)

1 What is database? Give example. 1

Ans. A collection of related information organised as tables is known as database, e.g. INGRES,
MySQL etc.
2 Write the purpose of DBMS. 1
Ans. DBMS is used to store logically related information at a centralised location. It facilitates
data sharing among all the applications requiring it.
3 Write the relationship between a database and a table. 1
Ans. A database contains multiple tables whereas, a table cannot exist outside a database.
4 Give any one use of database. 1
Ans. A database is used to store logically related information in table.
5 What is field in database? Give an example. 1
Ans. A field is an area, reserved for a specific piece of data. It is also known as attribute, e.g.
Customer_Name.
6 Define the term DBMS. 1
Ans. The full form of DBMS is Database Management System. It is a computer based record
keeping system.
7 State the primary goal of a DBMS. 1
Ans. To provide a convenient and efficient environment in which we can store and retrieve
information.
8 Write any two uses of database management system. 1
Ans. DBMS is used to store data at a centralised location. It is used to minimise data
redundancy and data inconsistency.
9 Give any two disadvantages of the database. 1
Ans. High complexity
Database failure
10 Write any two advantages of using database. 1
Ans. Can ensure data security.
Reduces the data redundancy.
11 What is a primary key in database? Give an example. 1
Ans. A field which uniquely identifies each record in a table is known as primary key. e.g. empld
is the primary key of the Employee table.
12 Give one advantage of using primary key. 1
Ans. A primary key uniquely identifies the record in the table.
13 What is the significance of a primary key? 1
Ans. A primary key cannot allow null values and must have a unique index.
14 Name two possible primary keys for an Employee table. 1
Ans. Possible primary keys for an Employee table are empcode, empphonenumber.
15 Write the significance of a foreign key. 1
Ans. A foreign key is used to Establish relationship between any two tables of RDBMS.
16 What is the default extension of Libre Office BASE database? 1
Ans. The default extension of Libre Office BASE database is .odb.
17 What are the main purposes of a database system? 2
Ans. Storage of information.
18 2. How are fields, record and a table related to each other? Explain with the help of an example. 2
Ans. Fields are one type of information. A record contains logically related fields. A table Emp
name contains logically related records.
EmpNo Name Salary
1. Shridhar 20000
2. Raghav 40000
Here EmpNo, Name and Salary are three different fields. 1, Shridhar, 20000 represents one
complete record.
19 What is the difference between ‘Rows’ and ‘Columns’ in a table? 2
 Ans. In a table, rows are called records and columns are termed as fields. A row stores complete
information of a record whereas column stores only similar data values for all records.
20 Distinguish between data and information. 3
Distinguish between data and information are as follows:
Data Information
It is a raw facts. It is a process form of data.
It considers facts symbols, It considers knowledge derived from study, images for reference or
analysis. experience or instruction.
e.g. 23 is a data. e.g. age = 23 is information.
21 Define query in the context of database. 2
Ans. A query is an inquiry into the database using the SELECT statement.These statements give
you filtered data according to your conditions and specifications indicating the fields, records
and summaries which a user wants to fetch from a database.
22 Define forms and what is the need of using them? 3
Ans. In a database, a form is a window or a screen that contains numerous fields or spaces to
enter data. Forms can be used to view and edit your data. It is an interface in user specified
layout.
e.g. a user can create a data entry form that looks exactly like a paper form. People generally
prefer to enter data into a well-designed form, rather than a table.
23 What do you understand by report? 2
Ans. When you want to print those records which are fetched from your database, design a
report. It is an effective way to present data in a printed format. It allows you to represent data
retrieved from one or more tables, so that it can be analysed.
24 What do you mean by DBMS? 3
Ans. It is a collection of programs that enables users to create, maintain database and control
all the access to the database. It is a computer based record keeping system. DBMS is a
software package that manages database, e.g. MySQL, INGRES, MS-ACCESS etc.
DBMS is actually a tool that is used to perform any kind of operation on data in database.
25 Define RDBMS. 2
Ans. RDBMS is a type of DataBase Management System that stores data in the form of relations
(tables). Relational databases are powerful, so they require few assumptions about how data is
related or how, it will be extracted from the database.
26 A table named School (containing data of students of the whole school) is created, where each 3
record consists of several fields including AdmissionNo (Admission Number), RollNo (Roll
Number), Name. Which field out of these three should be set as the primary key & why? Ans.
AdmissionNo should be set as primary key because admission numbers are unique for each and
every students of the school, which is not possible in the case with RollNo and Name.
29 Define database management system. Write two advantages of using database management system
for school.
Ans. DataBase Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enable users to create,
maintain database and control all the access to the database. The primary goal of the DBMS is to
provide an environment that is both convenient and efficient for user to retrieve and store information.
The advantages of using DBMS for school are as follows:
In school, DBMS is used to store the data about students, teachers and any other related thing at a
centralised location.
It provides security to the personal information of the school, stored in it.

30 Write the steps to design a database.

 Ans. Steps to Design a Database
There are various steps to design a database which are as follows:
Step 1 Determine the purpose of your database The first step of designing a database is to determine the
purpose and mechanism to design and use it.
Step 2 Determine the tables Tables are one of the most important elements of a database, consist of rows
and columns. To create a well-defined database, you have to keep some conditions which are as follows:
A table should not contain duplicate information.
Each table should contain information about one subject.
e.g. One table is used to contain the personal information of the students and the other is used to contain
the marks scored by the student.
Step 3 Determine the fields After creating a table, you need to decide the type and number of fields
required for the tables in your database. Each field in a table contains individual facts about the table’s
subject.
e.g. A customer table may include company name, address, city, state and phone number fields.
Step 4 Identify the primary key in a table From the fields of table, you need to identify a primary key which
uniquely identifies each individual record of the table. The primary key helps you to reduce data
duplication in the table.
Step 5 Determine the relationship between tables In this step, you need to determine relationship between
two or more tables in your database. You can set-up a relationship between tables on the basis of common
field between them. Establishing a relationship allows you to fetch any information from both the tables.
Step 6 Refine the design After you have designed the tables, fields and relationships, its time to study the
design and detect any faults that might remain.
Step 7 Enter data and create other database objects When you are satisfied that the database structure
meets the goals you needed, add all your existing data to the tables.

33 Sanchita is working for a nationalised bank and is in the process of creating a table to store the details of
customers of the bank.
Find out, which of the following fields of table Bank can be selected as primary key, candidate key and
alternate key?
Account No, Customer Name, Date of Birth, PAN Number, Opening Balance
Ans. Primary key AccountNo
Candidate key AccountNo and PAN Number
Alternate key PAN Number
 Important Question & Answers of
Book – Subject Specific Skills
Unit IV – Web Application and Security.
Q1. Write any two advantages of online shopping.
ANSWER
i. A customer does not have sufficient time to visit stores
ii. A product or service that is not available in the local market is available online. (Or any other
relevant advantage)
Q2. Define the following Hot spots:- a) WIMAX b) Wi-Fi
ANSWER
a) WIMAX: It is a wireless communications standard designed to provide mobile broadband connectivity across
cities and countries through a variety of devices
b) Wi-Fi: It is a popular technology that allows an electronic device such as computers or mobile phones to
exchange data wirelessly over a network.
Q3. What precautions must be taken to improve online security?
ANSWER
i. Antivirus and Antispyware programs offer real-time protection monitoring your computer for any
changes by malware software.
ii. Use strong passwords a combination of alphanumeric and special characters could be used for
creating a password that is not so easy to crack or guessed by other users
iii. Secure transactions because information such as credit card details or personal information is sent
over the network.
iv. Use encryption software to protect your data from unauthorized users. (Or any other relevant
precautions)
Q4. Elucidate the following terms: (2)
(i) PAN
(ii) WiMAX
Answer:
(i) PAN: It stands for Personal Area Network. It is a computer network used for communication
among the computer and different technological devices close to it.
(ii) WiMAX: It stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. It is a wireless
transmission of data using a variety of transmission modes.

Q5. State any two practices for internet security. (2)

Answer:
Any two practices for internet security are:

 Use Strong Passwords: A strong password is a combination of alpha-numeric

and special characters. Do not use your mobile number, friend’s name, etc. for
a password. Change your password frequently at least once in 2 or 3 weeks.
 Backup Your Data: Always keep copies of your data on CDs, pen drives, etc.
This may be helpful in a loss of data situation.

Q6. Rahul has purchased some stationary items from an online site. He has to make online
payment for the items to complete the transaction. Help him by answering the following queries:
(4)
(i) Suggest any two options that he can use to make payment of his bill on the online shopping
website.
(ii) Name any 2 situations where online shopping could be useful.
(iii) Name any 2 popular online shopping websites.
(iv) Write the full form of COD about online shopping.
Answer:
(i) Credit, debit card, Internet banking, etc are the options that he can use to make payment of his
bill on the online shopping website.
(ii) (a) They offer huge discounts on goods and services.
(b) Online shopping saves time and effort to buy products of one’s choice.
(iii) Flipkart and Amazon are two popular online shopping websites.
(iv) COD stands for Cash On Delivery. Cash on delivery is the sale of goods by mail order where
payment is made at the time of delivery rather than in advance.

Q7. Write any four rules which are to be followed for creating strong passwords.
Answer:
Following are general rules to be followed for creating strong passwords:
 Keep the length of the password 12–14 characters if permitted.
 Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter or number sequences, usernames, relative or pet
names etc.
 Include numbers and symbols in passwords if allowed.
 Use capital/upper-case and small/lower-case letters.
 Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or purposes.
 Avoid using something that the public or workmates know you strongly like or dislike.
 Use random password generators if possible.
 Use a combination of alphanumeric and special characters Example of a strong password: genXHd#@123$

Q8. What is the special name given to the discussion style site used by non-technical (or technical users) users for creating
personal web pages? Give any two examples of websites that help us to create such discussion style sites for free.
Answer:
Blog Some of the websites that offer blog service for free are:
 www.WordPress.com
 www. blogger.com
 www.blog.com
 www.weebly.com
 www.blogsome.com etc.
(1 mark for blog and 1/2 mark each for any two websites) 2