Disaster Management (Presentation) 2024

Amphan Cyclone

Presented by : Group No.4

Abhishek Doi : 21ucc006
Anshul Sharma : 21uec027
Abhinav Agarwal : 21uec004
Utkarsh Singh : 21ucs221 Submitted to: preencoded.png

Abhay Chaudhary : 21ucc005 Dr. Sandeep Singh Shekhawat Sir

What is Amphan Cyclone?
Amphan was an extremely severe cyclonic storm. It formed in the Bay of
Bengal and made landfall in West Bengal, India, and Bangladesh.

Category 5 Cyclone Strong Winds

At its peak, Amphan reached The cyclone generated wind
the highest category on the speeds of up to 185 kilometers
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind per hour. These strong winds
Scale, which is a measure of caused extensive damage to
hurricane intensity. buildings and infrastructure.

Heavy Rainfall
Amphan brought heavy rainfall that led to flooding in low-lying
areas. The widespread flooding caused significant damage to crops
and property.
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Causes of Amphan
Amphan's development was influenced by favorable atmospheric
conditions. Warm ocean temperatures, low wind shear, and other
factors created a conducive environment for its formation.

Warm Ocean Waters Low Wind Shear

The Bay of Bengal had Low wind shear allowed the

exceptionally warm surface cyclone to organize and
waters, providing the energy intensify. This means that the
needed for the cyclone's winds were blowing in a similar
development. direction at different altitudes.

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Path and Trajectory of Amphan
Cyclone
Amphan moved westward across the Bay of Bengal, gradually intensifying. It
eventually made landfall near the Sundarbans region of West Bengal.

Formation
Amphan formed over the Bay of Bengal, fueled by warm ocean
waters and low wind shear.

Intensification
As it moved westward, the cyclone intensified, reaching its peak
intensity before landfall.

Landfall
Amphan made landfall near the Sundarbans region of West Bengal
and Bangladesh.

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Wind Speeds and Intensity of
Amphan
Amphan was an extremely severe cyclone, with wind speeds
exceeding 185 kilometers per hour. Its intense winds caused
widespread damage.

1 Peak Intensity
Amphan reached its peak intensity as a Category 5
cyclone, with wind speeds exceeding 185 km/h.

2 Landfall
At landfall, Amphan was still a very powerful cyclone,
with wind speeds significantly above 100 km/h.

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Rainfall and Flooding Caused
by Amphan Cyclone
Amphan brought heavy rainfall, leading to widespread flooding in
coastal areas. The flooding caused significant damage to property and
infrastructure.

1 Heavy Precipitation 2 Coastal Flooding

Some areas received more The storm surge caused
than 300 millimeters of flooding along the coast,
rainfall in a short period, inundating low-lying areas
leading to rapid rises in and damaging homes and
water levels. businesses.

3 Riverine Flooding
In some areas, the rainfall overwhelmed drainage systems,
leading to riverine flooding and exacerbating the situation.
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Damage to Infrastructure
The cyclone caused widespread damage to infrastructure, including homes, buildings, roads, bridges, and power lines, leaving
many communities without basic necessities.

Housing Roads and Bridges Power Lines

Power lines were downed, causing
Thousands of homes were damaged Roads and bridges were severely
widespread power outages and
or destroyed, leaving many people damaged, disrupting transportation
disrupting essential services,
homeless and in desperate need of and hindering relief efforts.
including communication and
shelter.
medical care.

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Environmental Consequences
The cyclone caused significant environmental damage, affecting coastal ecosystems,
biodiversity, and water quality.

Deforestation Water Pollution Loss of Biodiversity

Strong winds and storm surges The cyclone caused widespread flooding, The cyclone destroyed habitats and
uprooted trees and damaged forests, contaminating water sources and displaced wildlife, impacting
contributing to soil erosion and increasing the risk of waterborne biodiversity and the delicate balance of
habitat loss. diseases. ecosystems.

Fishing Industry Infrastructure Reconstruction Economic Disruption

The cyclone destroyed fishing The cost of rebuilding damaged The cyclone disrupted businesses,
boats and gear, severely infrastructure, including homes, tourism, and trade, leading to
impacting livelihoods and the buildings, roads, and bridges, was significant economic losses and
fishing industry. affecting livelihoods.
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significant.
Immediate Response and Relief
Efforts
The Indian and Bangladeshi governments, along with international aid agencies,
responded swiftly to the disaster, mobilizing rescue and relief operations in affected
areas.

1 Evacuation and Shelter 2 Food and Water Distribution

Authorities evacuated millions of Essential supplies such as food,
people from vulnerable areas and water, and medicines were
set up temporary shelters for distributed to those in need,
those displaced by the cyclone. addressing immediate
humanitarian concerns.

3 Medical Assistance 4 Search and Rescue

Medical teams were deployed to
Operations
affected areas to provide Rescue teams searched for
healthcare services, treat injuries, survivors and provided assistance
and prevent outbreaks of diseases. to those trapped or injured in the
aftermath of the storm.
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Improving Disaster Preparedness
with Technology
Early Warning Systems Resilient Infrastructure
Developing more accurate and Designing and building resilient
accessible early warning systems to infrastructure that can withstand
maximize lead time for evacuation the impacts of natural disasters,
and mitigation. such as cyclone-resistant
structures.

Data Analytics Citizen Engagement

Leveraging data analysis to identify Engaging citizens through
patterns, vulnerabilities, and trends interactive platforms to promote
to improve disaster preparedness. awareness, education, and
participation in disaster
preparedness.

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Disaster Management Software:
Features and Capabilities
Real-Time Monitoring Emergency Response Data Management and Analysis
Software enables continuous
Coordination
monitoring of weather conditions, Facilitates communication and Software collects, stores, and
hazard alerts, and critical coordination among emergency analyzes data to improve
infrastructure status. response teams, enabling rapid preparedness, response, and
deployment and resource recovery efforts.
allocation.

Public Awareness and

Communication

Software supports dissemination of

warnings, evacuation instructions,
and post-disaster information to
the public.

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Cybersecurity Considerations
in Disaster Management
1 Data Protection 2 System Integrity
Protecting sensitive data Ensuring the reliability and
related to disaster response availability of critical
plans, infrastructure, and communication systems
community information. and software.

3 Cyberattacks 4 Recovery Plans

Mitigating the risk of Developing comprehensive
malicious attacks that recovery plans for
could disrupt emergency cybersecurity incidents
response operations. that could occur during or
after a disaster.

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 Case Studies: Successful Implementations

Early Warning App GIS Mapping

A mobile application successfully disseminated early warning Geographic information systems were used to optimize the
information and provided critical updates during the Amphan delivery of relief supplies and provide accurate data on the extent
cyclone. of damage.
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Damage Assessment and
Mapping
Building Damage Infrastructure Disruption
GIS created damage GIS identified disruptions to
assessment maps, transportation networks,
highlighting areas with power grids, and
significant building damage communication systems,
and allowing for targeted facilitating swift restoration.
relief efforts.

Environmental Impact
GIS assessed the environmental impact of the cyclone, including
deforestation, soil erosion, and water contamination.

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Disaster Response and Relief
Operations
Resource Allocation
GIS optimized resource allocation by identifying areas with the
highest need for food, water, medical supplies, and shelter.

Search and Rescue

GIS supported search and rescue efforts by providing maps and
spatial data to locate missing people and prioritize rescue
operations.

Logistics Management
GIS optimized logistics management by providing real-time
information on the location of relief supplies and transportation
routes.

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Challenges in Resource
Distribution
1 Accessibility 2 Demand
Reaching remote and The demand for essential
affected areas was a major supplies like food, water,
challenge, due to damaged and medical aid exceeded
infrastructure and available resources in the
impassable roads. aftermath.

3 Coordination 4 Logistics
Ensuring a smooth flow of Efficiently managing the
supplies and coordination movement of supplies
between relief across affected regions and
organizations was crucial. delivering them to the
right locations was critical.
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Emerging Technologies for
Cyclone Prevention
1 Advanced Forecasting
Sophisticated computer models predict cyclone paths and
intensity with greater accuracy.

2 Real-Time Monitoring
Drones and satellites provide real-time data on cyclone
movement and environmental conditions.

3 Storm Surge Protection

Seawalls, barriers, and other infrastructure are being designed
to withstand higher water levels.

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Harnessing Renewable Energy
for Cyclone Resilience
Off-Grid Power Sources Microgrids
Solar and wind energy Localized energy systems
provide reliable power during ensure continued operation
outages caused by cyclones. of essential services in
isolated areas.

Smart Grids
Adaptive energy systems can respond to changing demands and
prevent cascading failures.

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Innovative Structural Designs for
Cyclone-Proof Infrastructure
Wind-Resistant Facades Curved facades and louvers reduce
wind pressure on building
structures.

Flexible Foundations Flexible foundations allow

buildings to sway with the wind,
reducing stress.

Elevated Structures Raising buildings above ground

level minimizes damage from
storm surge.

Adaptive Architecture Smart structures can adjust to

changing wind conditions,
improving resilience.

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Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Predictive Modeling Real-Time Analysis Risk Assessment Resource Optimization

AI algorithms analyze Machine learning algorithms AI models assess vulnerability AI assists in allocating
historical data and weather continuously monitor and and potential damage based resources for emergency
patterns to predict cyclone analyze data for early on building characteristics response and disaster
behavior. detection and warnings. and location. recovery.
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Challenges and Barriers to
Implementation
1 Cost and Infrastructure 2 Data Accessibility and
Developing and deploying
Sharing
advanced technologies Access to real-time data is
requires significant crucial for effective
financial investment. forecasting and mitigation.

3 Public Awareness and 4 Policy and Regulation

Education Adopting new
Educating communities on technologies and
the importance of regulations requires
preparedness and new collaboration between
technologies is essential. governments, industries,
and researchers.
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