Java Lab Manual
Java Lab Manual
1. Develop a JAVA program to add TWO matrices of suitable order N (The value of N should be
read from command line arguments).
Aim: To implement addition of Two matrices with suitable order N (The value of N should be read from
command line arguments) using Java Programming.
Program:
public class MatrixAddition {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Check if the number of command line arguments is correct
if (args.length != 1) {
System.out.println("Usage: java MatrixAddition <order_N>");
return;
}
// Parse the command line argument to get the order N
int N = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
// Check if N is a positive integer
if (N <= 0)
{
System.out.println("Please provide a valid positive integer for the order N.");
return;
}
// Create two matrices of order N
int[][] matrix1 = new int[N][N];
int[][] matrix2 = new int[N][N];
// Fill the matrices with some sample values (you can modify this as needed)
fillMatrix(matrix1, 1);
fillMatrix(matrix2, 2);
// Print the matrices
System.out.println("Matrix 1:");
printMatrix(matrix1);
System.out.println("\nMatrix 2:");
printMatrix(matrix2);
// Add the matrices
int[][] resultMatrix = addMatrices(matrix1, matrix2);
// Print the result matrix
System.out.println("\nResultant Matrix (Matrix1 + Matrix2):");
printMatrix(resultMatrix);
}
// Helper method to fill a matrix with sequential values
private static void fillMatrix(int[][] matrix, int startValue) {
int value = startValue;
for (int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < matrix[i].length; j++) {
matrix[i][j] = value++;
}
}
}
// Helper method to add two matrices
private static int[][] addMatrices(int[][] matrix1, int[][] matrix2) {
int N = matrix1.length;
int[][] resultMatrix = new int[N][N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
resultMatrix[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];
}
}
return resultMatrix;
}
// Helper method to print a matrix
private static void printMatrix(int[][] matrix) {
for (int[] row : matrix) {
for (int value : row) {
System.out.print(value + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
OUTPUT
Matrix 1:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Matrix 2:
2 3 4
5 6 7
8 9 10
2. Develop a stack class to hold a maximum of 10 integers with suitable methods. Develop a JAVA
main method to illustrate Stack operations
Aim: To implement main method to illustrate Stack operations using Java Programming.
Program
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Stack {
private static final int MAX_SIZE = 10;
private int[] stackArray;
private int top;
public Stack() {
stackArray = new int[MAX_SIZE];
top = -1;
}
public void push(int value) {
if (top < MAX_SIZE - 1) {
stackArray[++top] = value;
System.out.println("Pushed: " + value);
}
else {
System.out.println("Stack Overflow! Cannot push " + value + ".");
}
}
public int pop() {
if (top >= 0) {
int poppedValue = stackArray[top--];
System.out.println("Popped: " + poppedValue);
return poppedValue;
}
else {
System.out.println("Stack Underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.");
return -1; // Return a default value for simplicity
}
}
public int peek() {
if (top >= 0) {
System.out.println("Peeked: " + stackArray[top]);
return stackArray[top];
}
else {
System.out.println("Stack is empty. Cannot peek.");
return -1; // Return a default value for simplicity
}
}
public void display() {
if (top >= 0) {
System.out.print("Stack Contents: ");
for (int i = 0; i <= top; i++) {
System.out.print(stackArray[i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
else {
System.out.println("Stack is empty.");
}
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return top == -1;
}
public boolean isFull() {
return top == MAX_SIZE - 1;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Stack stack = new Stack();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice;
do {
System.out.println("\nStack Menu:");
System.out.println("1. Push");
System.out.println("2. Pop");
System.out.println("3. Peek");
System.out.println("4. Display Stack Contents");
System.out.println("5. Check if the stack is empty");
System.out.println("6. Check if the stack is full");
System.out.println("0. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
choice = scanner.nextInt();
switch (choice) {
case 1:
System.out.print("Enter the value to push: ");
int valueToPush = scanner.nextInt();
stack.push(valueToPush);
break;
case 2:
stack.pop();
break;
case 3:
stack.peek();
break;
case 4:
stack.display();
break;
case 5:
System.out.println("Is the stack empty? " + stack.isEmpty());
break;
case 6:
System.out.println("Is the stack full? " + stack.isFull());
break;
case 0:
System.out.println("Exiting the program. Goodbye!");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
} while (choice != 0);
scanner.close();
}
}
OUTPUT
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Stack is empty.
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 6
Is the stack full? false
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter the value to push: 10
Pushed: 10
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Stack Contents: 10 20
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Peeked: 20
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Stack Contents: 10 20 30
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 2
Popped: 30
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Peeked: 20
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Stack Contents: 10 20
Stack Menu:
1. Push
2. Pop
3. Peek
4. Display Stack Contents
5. Check if the stack is empty
6. Check if the stack is full
0. Exit
Enter your choice: 0
Exiting the program. Goodbye!
3. A class called Employee, which models an employee with an ID, name and salary, is designed as
shown in the following class diagram. The method raiseSalary (percent) increases the salary by the
given percentage. Develop the Employee class and suitable main method for demonstration.
Aim: To implement employee class and suitable main method using Java Programming.
Program
public class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private double salary;
public Employee(int id, String name, double salary) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
}
public void raiseSalary(double percent) {
if (percent > 0) {
double raiseAmount = salary * (percent / 100);
salary += raiseAmount;
System.out.println(name + "'s salary raised by " + percent + "%. New
salary: $" + salary);
}
else {
System.out.println("Invalid percentage. Salary remains unchanged.");
}
}
public String toString() {
return "Employee ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name + ", Salary: $" + salary;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an Employee object
Employee employee = new Employee(1, "John Doe", 50000.0);
// Displaying employee details
System.out.println("Initial Employee Details:");
System.out.println(employee);
// Raising salary by 10%
employee.raiseSalary(10);
// Displaying updated employee details
System.out.println("\nEmployee Details after Salary Raise:");
System.out.println(employee);
}
}
OUTPUT
Initial Employee Details:
Employee ID: 1, Name: John Doe, Salary: $50000.0
John Doe's salary raised by 10.0%. New salary: $55000.0
4. A class called MyPoint, which models a 2D point with x and y coordinates, is designed as follows:
● Two instance variables x (int) and y (int).
● A default (or "no-arg") constructor that construct a point at the default location of (0, 0).
● A overloaded constructor that constructs a point with the given x and y coordinates.
● A method setXY() to set both x and y.
● A method getXY() which returns the x and y in a 2-element int array.
● A toString() method that returns a string description of the instance in the format "(x, y)".
● A method called distance(int x, int y) that returns the distance from this point to another point at
the given (x, y) coordinates.
● An overloaded distance(MyPoint another) that returns the distance from this point to the given
MyPoint instance (called another)
● Another overloaded distance() method that returns the distance from this point to the origin (0,0)
Develop the code for the class MyPoint. Also develop a JAVA program (called TestMyPoint) to test
all the methods defined in the class.
Aim: To implement MyPoint Class with x and y coordinates using Java Programming.
Program
public class MyPoint {
private int x;
private int y;
// Default constructor
public MyPoint() {
this.x = 0;
this.y = 0;
}
// Overloaded constructor
public MyPoint(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
// Set both x and y
public void setXY(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
// Get x and y in a 2-element int array
public int[] getXY() {
return new int[]{x, y};
}
// Return a string description of the instance in the format "(x, y)"
public String toString() {
return "(" + x + ", " + y + ")";
}
// Calculate distance from this point to another point at (x, y) coordinates
public double distance(int x, int y) {
int xDiff = this.x - x;
int yDiff = this.y - y;
return Math.sqrt(xDiff * xDiff + yDiff * yDiff);
}
// Calculate distance from this point to another MyPoint instance (another)
public double distance(MyPoint another) {
return distance(another.x, another.y);
}
// Calculate distance from this point to the origin (0,0)
public double distance() {
return distance(0, 0);
}
}
public class TestMyPoint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating MyPoint objects using different constructors
MyPoint point1 = new MyPoint();
MyPoint point2 = new MyPoint(3, 4);
// Testing setXY and getXY methods
point1.setXY(1, 2);
OUTPUT
Point1 coordinates after setXY: 1, 2
Point2 coordinates: (3, 4)
Distance from Point1 to Point2: 2.8284271247461903
Distance from Point2 to Origin: 5.0
5. Develop a JAVA program to create a class named shape. Create three sub classes namely: circle,
triangle and square, each class has two member functions named draw () and erase (). Demonstrate
polymorphism concepts by developing suitable methods, defining member data and main program.
Aim: To implement polymorphism concepts by developing suitable methods, defining member data and
main program using Java Programming.
Program
class Shape {
protected String name;
public Shape(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a " + name);
}
public void erase() {
System.out.println("Erasing a " + name);
}
}
class Circle extends Shape {
private double radius;
public Circle(String name, double radius) {
super(name);
this.radius = radius;
}
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a circle with radius " + radius);
}
@Override
public void erase() {
System.out.println("Erasing a circle with radius " + radius);
}
}
}
public class ShapeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape[] shapes = new Shape[3];
shapes[0] = new Circle("Circle", 5.0);
shapes[1] = new Triangle("Triangle", 4.0, 6.0);
shapes[2] = new Square("Square", 3.0);
for (Shape shape : shapes) {
shape.draw();
shape.erase();
System.out.println();
}
}
}
OUTPUT
Drawing a circle with radius 5.0
Erasing a circle with radius 5.0
6. Develop a JAVA program to create an abstract class Shape with abstract methods calculateArea()
and calculatePerimeter(). Create subclasses Circle and Triangle that extend the Shape class and
implement the respective methods to calculate the area and perimeter of each shape.
Aim: To implement an abstract class Shape with abstract methods Java Programming.
Program
abstract class Shape {
abstract double calculateArea();
abstract double calculatePerimeter();
}
class Circle extends Shape {
private double radius;
public Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
@Override
double calculateArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
@Override
double calculatePerimeter() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
}
}
class Triangle extends Shape {
private double side1;
private double side2;
private double side3;
public Triangle(double side1, double side2, double side3) {
this.side1 = side1;
this.side2 = side2;
this.side3 = side3;
}
@Override
double calculateArea() {
// Using Heron's formula to calculate the area of a triangle
double s = (side1 + side2 + side3) / 2;
return Math.sqrt(s * (s - side1) * (s - side2) * (s - side3));
}
@Override
double calculatePerimeter() {
return side1 + side2 + side3;
}
}
public class ShapeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating Circle and Triangle objects
Circle circle = new Circle(5.0);
Triangle triangle = new Triangle(3.0, 4.0, 5.0);
// Calculating and displaying area and perimeter
System.out.println("Circle Area: " + circle.calculateArea());
System.out.println("Circle Perimeter: " + circle.calculatePerimeter());
System.out.println("\nTriangle Area: " + triangle.calculateArea());
System.out.println("Triangle Perimeter: " + triangle.calculatePerimeter());
}
}
OUTPUT
Circle Area: 78.53981633974483
Circle Perimeter: 31.41592653589793
7. Develop a JAVA program to create an interface Resizable with methods resizeWidth(int width)
and resizeHeight(int height) that allow an object to be resized. Create a class Rectangle that
implements the Resizable interface and implements the resize methods.
Aim: To implement an interface Resizable with methods using Java Programming
Program
// Resizable interface
interface Resizable {
void resizeWidth(int width);
void resizeHeight(int height);
}
// Rectangle class implementing Resizable interface
class Rectangle implements Resizable {
private int width;
private int height;
public Rectangle(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
// Implementation of Resizable interface
@Override
public void resizeWidth(int width) {
this.width = width;
System.out.println("Resized width to: " + width);
}
@Override
public void resizeHeight(int height) {
this.height = height;
System.out.println("Resized height to: " + height);
}
// Additional methods for Rectangle class
public int getWidth() {
return width;
}
public int getHeight() {
return height;
}
public void displayInfo() {
System.out.println("Rectangle: Width = " + width + ", Height = " + height);
}
}
// Main class to test the implementation
public class ResizeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating a Rectangle object
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(10, 5);
// Displaying the original information
System.out.println("Original Rectangle Info:");
rectangle.displayInfo();
// Resizing the rectangle
rectangle.resizeWidth(15);
rectangle.resizeHeight(8);
// Displaying the updated information
System.out.println("\nUpdated Rectangle Info:");
rectangle.displayInfo();
}
}
OUTPUT
Original Rectangle Info:
Rectangle: Width = 10, Height = 5
Resized width to: 15
Resized height to: 8
OUTPUT
Outer class display method
Inner class display method
9. Develop a JAVA program to raise a custom exception (user defined exception) for
DivisionByZero using try, catch, throw and finally.
Aim: To implement user defined exception using Java Programming.
Program
//Custom exception class
class DivisionByZeroException extends Exception {
public DivisionByZeroException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class CustomExceptionDemo {
// Method to perform division and throw custom exception if denominator is zero
static double divide(int numerator, int denominator) throws DivisionByZeroException {
if (denominator == 0) {
throw new DivisionByZeroException("Cannot divide by zero!");
}
return (double) numerator / denominator;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int numerator = 10;
int denominator = 0;
try {
double result = divide(numerator, denominator);
System.out.println("Result of division: " + result);
}
catch (DivisionByZeroException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}
finally {
System.out.println("Finally block executed");
}
}
}
OUTPUT
Exception caught: Cannot divide by zero!
Finally block executed
10. Develop a JAVA program to create a package named mypack and import and implement it in a
suitable class.
Aim: To implement a package named mypack and import and implement it in a suitable class using Java
Programming.
Program
// Inside a folder named 'mypack'
package mypack;
public class MyPackageClass {
public void displayMessage() {
System.out.println("Hello from MyPackageClass in mypack package!");
}
// New utility method
public static int addNumbers(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}
// Main program outside the mypack folder
import mypack.MyPackageClass;
//import mypack.*;
public class PackageDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an instance of MyPackageClass from the mypack package
MyPackageClass myPackageObject = new MyPackageClass();
// Calling the displayMessage method from MyPackageClass
myPackageObject.displayMessage();
// Using the utility method addNumbers from MyPackageClass
int result = MyPackageClass.addNumbers(5, 3);
System.out.println("Result of adding numbers: " + result);
}
}
OUTPUT
Hello from MyPackageClass in mypack package!
OUTPUT
Thread ID: 24 is running.
Thread ID: 21 is running.
Thread ID: 20 is running.
Thread ID: 23 is running.
Thread ID: 22 is running.
12. Develop a program to create a class MyThread in this class a constructor, call the base class
constructor, using super and start the thread. The run method of the class starts after this. It can be
observed that both main thread and created child thread are executed concurrently.
Aim: To implement threads using Thread Class using Java Programming.
Program
class MyThread extends Thread {
//Constructor calling base class constructor using super
public MyThread(String name) {
super(name);
start(); // Start the thread in the constructor
}
//The run method that will be executed when the thread starts
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " Count: " + i);
try {
Thread.sleep(500); // Sleep for 500 milliseconds
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " Thread
interrupted.");
}
}
}
}
public class ThreadConcurrentExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an instance of MyThread
MyThread myThread = new MyThread("Child Thread");
// Main thread
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
OUTPUT
main Thread Count: 1
Child Thread Count: 1
main Thread Count: 2
Child Thread Count: 2
main Thread Count: 3
Child Thread Count: 3
main Thread Count: 4
Child Thread Count: 4
main Thread Count: 5
Child Thread Count: 5