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    Numerical_Problems_and_Solutions_Fluid_Mechanics

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    Numerical_Problems_and_Solutions_Fluid_Mechanics

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    unperturbadvancementstaff
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    Numerical_Problems_and_Solutions_Fluid_Mechanics

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    unperturbadvancementstaff

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    Numerical Problems and Solutions on Fluid Mechanics Concepts

    Bernoulli's Theorem
    1. 1. A pipe carrying water has a cross-sectional area of 0.02 m² at point A and 0.01 m² at
    point B. If the velocity of water at A is 2 m/s, calculate the velocity at B using Bernoulli's
    theorem.

     Solution: Using the continuity equation, vB = (A_A * vA) / A_B = (0.02 * 2) / 0.01 = 4
    m/s.

    2. 2. Water flows through a pipe of varying cross-section. At one point, the pipe diameter is
    0.5 m and the pressure is 200 kPa. At another point, the diameter is 0.25 m. Calculate
    the pressure at the second point if the velocity at the first point is 3 m/s.

     Solution: Using Bernoulli's equation and continuity:


    v2 = (A1 * v1) / A2 = (π * 0.25^2 * 3) / (π * 0.125^2) = 12 m/s.
    P2 = P1 + 0.5ρ(v1^2 - v2^2) = 200000 - 0.5 * 1000 * (9 - 144) ≈ 127 kPa.

    3. 3. A tank with an orifice at its bottom is filled with water to a height of 5 m. Calculate the
    velocity of efflux from the orifice using Bernoulli's theorem.

     Solution: Using Torricelli's law (derived from Bernoulli's): v = sqrt(2gh) = sqrt(2 * 9.8 *
    5) ≈ 9.9 m/s.

    Equation of Continuity
    4. 4. Water flows through a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm at a velocity of 2 m/s. The pipe
    then narrows to a diameter of 5 cm. Calculate the velocity of water in the narrower
    section.

     Solution: Using continuity, v2 = (A1 * v1) / A2 = (π * 0.05^2 * 2) / (π * 0.025^2) = 8 m/s.

    5. 5. A river has a width of 15 m and an average depth of 3 m. If the velocity of the river
    flow is 2 m/s, calculate the discharge (volume flow rate).

     Solution: Discharge Q = A * v = width * depth * velocity = 15 * 3 * 2 = 90 m³/s.

    6. 6. Air flows through a duct of cross-sectional area 0.4 m² at a velocity of 5 m/s. The duct
    narrows to an area of 0.2 m². Calculate the velocity of air in the narrower section.

     Solution: Using continuity, v2 = (A1 * v1) / A2 = (0.4 * 5) / 0.2 = 10 m/s.

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