Chapter 3

Research Methodology

The chapter consists of the research design, population and sampling techniques, research

procedure, and data gathering instrument and statistical treatment in order to seek response to the

areas of investigation.

Research Design

Quantitative method emphasis objective measurements. The main purpose of this study is

to determine the acceptability of Saccharum grass, Aloe vera and Saccharum Root Extract in

terms of cleaning of clothes as perceived by the residents of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz,

Laguna.

To gather data, a correlational method of research will be used. The said method is

effective in helping us to understand the complex relationships between a lot of different

variables. Researchers help to comprehend the intricate connections between many different

factors by using correlational research. We can learn more about how the world actually

functions if we test these variables in situations that are realistic.

Population and Sampling

The respondents of this study were selected using the simple random sampling technique.

According to Thomas, (2022), a simple random sample is a randomly selected subset of a

population. In this sampling method, each member of the population has an exactly equal chance
of being selected. The respondents were randomly chosen from a total of 9,801 residents in

Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna

The researchers used the Slovin’s formula to compute for the sample size. Using this

formula is necessary when the researchers cannot determine the appropriate sample size. After

computing, the researchers have a calculated total of sixty (60) respondents from Barangay

Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna.

Research Procedure

The research study started with the submission and approval of three cosmetics titles.

After the approval, the researchers started creating the first chapter by assigning each component

to each member of the group. The first chapter contains an introduction, the study's background,

a theoretical framework, a conceptual framework, a statement of the problem, a hypothesis, the

study's significance, and definitions of terms.

After that, each member was tasked to gather the related literatures for the second

chapter, which were done in Brgy. Santisima Cruz Sta.Cruz, Laguna. To ensure a fair

distribution of effort, each member of the group was assigned a variable. The related literatures

that supported our study were collected from credible internet sources, articles, unpublished

thesis, online articles, and other print media.

Lastly, a survey was conducted in the selected location using a questionnaire created by

the group. Such questionnaire was validated by the teacher. The reseachers will conduct a paper

survey to better understand the situation of the sixty respondents who live in Brgy. Santisima

Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna. The data collected from the survey will be gathered, analyzed, tallied,

and tabulated by the researchers for statistical analysis.

Data Gathering Procedure

After finding the general method for gathering the data and validating its reliability in

terms of using it as a method, the researchers started to develop and formulate the questionnaire

that will be used in the research. The researchers begun working on the necessary questions that

will be used in the questionnaire that aligns with the respondents. Each person will be given one

questionnaire will be distributed to sixty (60) respondents in the respected part of the selected

barangay. The completed gathered data in questionnaire will be kept and will be confidential

accordance to the agreement of barangay and its respondents. After constructing the

questionnaire, the researchers will be doing the house to house to gather the data.

After gathering, the data will be distributed back to the researchers to study the result and

align the needed statistical treatment that will be used for the research.

Research Instrument

The self-made questionnaires are the main instrument used in this study, not only for the

purpose of knowing how Saccharum Root Extracts with Aloe Vera Detergent can do but also

knowing how housewives, laundry shops, and students react to it. The questionnaire was used as

the main data-gathering instrument. In order to collect the data, the researcher constructed a

paper survey checklist. A questionnaire printed on paper that they can generate much higher

response rates than web questionnaires and most respondents often believe that paper survey are

more anonymous that online survey, which leads to the belief that respondents may be more
honest on paper surveys. Our survey consists of two parts, in first part is the personal information

and the second part is the likert scale.

Questionnaires are important in seeking information based on the insights and point of

view of the respondents. It is a form of asking questions to large quantities of people. Surveys

serve a range of functions and may be conducted in a variety of ways, depending on the

technique used and the goals to be attained. The questionnaire has two sections, the demographic

profile of the respondents and the survey questions. The demographic profile of the respondents

includes their name, age, and gender. As for the survey questions, the respondents are to select

an answer from a five-point Likert Scale: (5) Strongly agree; (4) Agree; (3) Moderately Agree;

(2) Disagree; (1) Strongly Disagree.

Statistical Treatment

Descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency distribution and percentage formula, mean and

standard deviation) will be used to obtain quantitative data. Such pertinent data includes the

demographic profile of the respondents (age and gender) and the acceptability of saccharum

roots with aloe vera. Meanwhile, a Spearman Correlation will be employed to determine if

a significant relationship exists between the dependent and independent variables.

1. Frequency Distribution and Percentage Formula

The Frequency Distribution data set contains data and the frequency with which they

occur in the study. The researchers used this formula to determine the respondents in terms of

age and gender based on the research study.

Formula:
 𝐹

𝑃=
𝑁
100

Where:

P = Percentage of respondents participated

F = Number of responses every item in the

questionnaire

N = Number of total cases or the respondents

To determine the respondents according to their age and gender, the

researcher will use the weighted mean and standard deviation.

2. Weighted Mean

The sum of a set of data divided by the number of data is referred to as the mean. When

comparing different sets of data, mean can be a useful tool.

Formula:

∑x

x̄ =

Where:

x̄ = Mean

∑x = Sum of the answers in each

question
 N = Number of questions

3. Standard Deviation

The standard deviation is widely regarded as the most useful measure of variability.

It is a single number that describes a distribution's variability or spread.

Formula:

∑(𝑥 − 𝑥̅)2

S= √

𝑛−1

Where:

S = Standard Deviation

𝛴 = Summation of

x = Each population in

the data

x̄ = Mean of the

population

n = Number of respondents

4. Pearson Correlation of coefficient

 A correlation is a statistical measure of how closely two variables are related. The measure

works best with variables that have a linear connection with one another. A scatterplot may be

used to visualize how well the data fits together. We may analyze the relationship between the

variables and decide if they are correlated or not using a scatterplot.

Pearson correlation coefficient formula:

Where:

 r = Pearson Coefficient

 n= number of respondents

 ∑xy = total mean of two variables

 ∑x = total mean of independent variable

 ∑y= total mean of dependent variable

 ∑x2 = total sum of squared independent variable

 ∑y2 = total sum of squared dependent variable