Otorhinolaryngology

MUHS Questions
As per Dhingra and Dhingra edition 7th
Chapter 1 Anatomy of Ear 3
Anatomy of middle ear cavity (LAQ part 2009)
Draw and label right tympanic membrane (SAQ 2017)
Chapter 2 Peripheral Receptors and Physiology of Auditory and Vestibular
Systems 15
Discuss in brief physiology of hearing (LAQ 2013)
Chapter 3 Audiology and Acoustics 21

Chapter 4 Assessment of Hearing 23

Rinne test (SAQ 2012)
Pure tone audiometry (SAQ 2014)
Chapter 5 Hearing Loss 31
Causes of conductive deafness (LAQ part 2009, LAQ part 2010 sup, LAQ part
2015 sup, LAQ part 2015)
Ototoxicity (SAQ 2010 sup, SAQ 2012)
NIHL (SAQ 2016)
Chapter 6 Assessment of Vestibular Functions 43
Caloric test (SAQ 2010)
Chapter 7 Disorders of Vestibular System 47

Chapter 8 Diseases of External Ear 51

Aural syringing (SAQ 2010 sup)
Otitis externa (SAQ 2011)
Otomycosis (SAQ 2013 sup)
Malignant otitis externa (SAQ 2013, SAQ 2015, SAQ 2017 sup)
Keratosis obturans (SAQ 2015 sup)
Chapter 9 Eustachian Tube and Its Disorders 61

Chapter 10 Disorders of Middle Ear 67

Etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of A. S. O. M. (LAQ 2014
sup, LAQ 2017)
Chapter 11 Cholesteatoma and Chronic Otitis Media 73
Clinical features and management of safe C. S. O. M. (LAQ part 2010 sup,
LAQ 2017 sup)
Etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of safe C. S. O. M. (LAQ
2012)
Define cholesteatoma (LAQ part 2013 sup)
Chapter 12 Complications of Suppurative Otitis Media 83
Enumerate the complications of cholesteatoma and describe in detail lateral
sinus thrombophlebitis (LAQ part 2013 sup)
Describe intracranial and extracranial complications of otitis media (LAQ part
2015)
Enumerate the complications of otitis mediaand describe in detail lateral sinus
thrombophlebitis (LAQ 2016)
Chapter 13 Otosclerosis (Syn. Otospongiosis) 95
Clinical features and management of otosclerosis (LAQ part 2015 sup)
Chapter 14 Facial Nerve and Its Disorders 99
Describe the topodiagnostic tests in facial nerve paralysis. What are the surgical
landmarks to identify the facial nerve and how will you avoid injury to facial
nerve during surgery? (LAQ 2010)
Chapter 15 Ménière’s Disease 111
Meniere disease (SAQ 2010)
Aetiology, clinical features and management of Meniere disease (LAQ 2014)
Causes, investigations and management of vertigo (LAQ 2016 sup)
Chapter 16 Tumours of External Ear 117

Chapter 17 Tumours of Middle Ear and Mastoid 121

Chapter 18 Acoustic Neuroma 125

Chapter 19 The Deaf Child 129

Chapter 20 Rehabilitation of the Hearing Impaired 135

Hearing aids (SAQ 2011)
Cochlear implants (SAQ 2013, SAQ 2016 sup)
BAHA (SAQ 2014 sup, SAQ 2016)
Chapter 21 Otalgia (Earache) 143

Chapter 22 Tinnitus 145

SECTION II DISEASES OF NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES 147

Chapter 23 Anatomy of Nose 149
Lateral wall of nose (SAQ 2010)
Osteomeatal Complex (SAQ 2014 sup)
Chapter 24 Physiology of Nose 157
Chapter 25 Diseases of External Nose and Nasal Vestibule 161
Chapter 26 Nasal Septum and Its Diseases 165
Septal perforation (SAQ 2009)
Septal hematoma (SAQ 2017 sup)
Chapter 27 Acute and Chronic Rhinitis 171
Atrophic Rhinitis (SAQ 2014)
Chapter 28 Granulomatous Diseases of Nose 175
Rhinoscleroma (SAQ 2013, SAQ 2015)
Chapter 29 Miscellaneous Disorders of Nasal Cavity 181
Congenital choanal atresia (SAQ 2015)
Rhinolith (SAQ 2017 sup)
Chapter 30 Allergic Rhinitis 187
Chapter 31 Vasomotor and Other Forms of Nonallergic Rhinitis 191
Rhinitis medicamentosa (SAQ 2013 sup, SAQ 2015)
Chapter 32 Nasal Polypi 193
Enumerate common causes of nasal obstruction in children. Discuss clinical
features and management of antrochoanal polyp (LAQ 2010 sup)
Antrochoanal polyp (SAQ 2012, SAQ 2013)
Describe etiology, clinical features and management of antrochoanal polyp.
How do you differentiate ethmoidal polyp from antrochoanal polyp? (LAQ
2015 sup)
Nasal polyp (SAQ 2015)
Differences between ethmoidal and antrochoanal polyposis (SAQ 2017)
Chapter 33 Epistaxis 197
What are the causes of epistaxis? How will you manage a 50-year-old male with
a history of trauma followed by epistaxis? (LAQ 2011)
What is epistaxis? Describe its causes and treatment in details. (LAQ 2013 sup)
What is epistaxis? Describe the causes, differential diagnosis and management
of epistaxis. (LAQ 2014)
Discuss epistaxis (LAQ 2015)
Management of epistaxis (SAQ 2016)
Chapter 34 Trauma to the Face 203
Chapter 35 Anatomy and Physiology of Paranasal Sinuses 209
Chapter 36 Acute Rhinosinusitis 213
Chapter 37 Chronic Rhinosinusitis 217
Chapter 38 Complications of Sinusitis 223
Chapter 39 Benign and Malignant Neoplasms of Nasal Cavity 227
Chapter 40 Neoplasms of Paranasal Sinuses 231
Chapter 41 Proptosis 237
SECTION III DISEASES OF ORAL CAVITY AND SALIVARY
GLANDS 241
Chapter 42 Anatomy of Oral Cavity 243
Chapter 43 Common Disorders of Oral Cavity 245
Oral submucous fibroids (SAQ 2013 sup)
Chapter 44 Tumours of Oral Cavity 251
Chapter 45 Non-neoplastic Disorders of Salivary Glands 259
Chapter 46 Neoplasms of Salivary Glands 263
SECTION IV DISEASES OF PHARYNX 267
Chapter 47 Anatomy and Physiology of Pharynx 269
Killian dehiscence (SAQ 2013 sup)
Waldeyer ring (SAQ 2017 sup)
Chapter 48 Adenoids and Other Inflammations of Nasopharynx 275
Thornwaldt bursa (SAQ 2010)
Chapter 49 Tumours of Nasopharynx 279
Clinical features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (SAQ 2014 sup)
Chapter 50 Acute and Chronic Pharyngitis 287
Chapter 51 Acute and Chronic Tonsillitis 291
Quinsy (SAQ 2013 sup, SAQ 2017)
Describe in brief about the clinical features and management of chronic
tonsillitis. (LAQ part 2014 sup)
Peritonsillar abscess (SAQ 2015 sup)
Chapter 52 Head and Neck Space Infections 297
Parapharyngeal abscess (SAQ 2013)
Ludwig angina (SAQ 2014, SAQ 2016)
Chapter 53 Tumours of Oropharynx 305
Chapter 54 Tumours of the Hypopharynx and Pharyngeal Pouch 309
Pharyngeal pouch (SAQ 2014)
Chapter 55 Snoring and Sleep Apnoea 313
SECTION V DISEASES OF LARYNX AND TRACHEA 317
Chapter 56 Anatomy and Physiology of Larynx 319
Enumerate various functions of larynx (LAQ part 2009)
Describe in detail the relevant surgical anatomy of trachea (LAQ part 2011)
Chapter 57 Laryngotracheal Trauma 325
Chapter 58 Acute and Chronic Inflammations of Larynx 327
Acute epiglottitis (SAQ 2010)
Chapter 59 Congenital Lesions of Larynx and Stridor 333
Describe important causes of stridor in children and their management in brief
(LAQ part 2009)
What are the laryngeal causes of stridor? Describe the clinical picture of the
patient having stridor and associated signs and symptoms. (LAQ 2010)
What is stridor? Discuss the various causes and management of stridor. (LAQ
2016 sup)
Chapter 60 Laryngeal Paralysis 337
Vocal cord paralysis (SAQ 2010 sup)
Describe the nerve supply of larynx and discuss in brief the causes of vocal cord
paralysis and add a note on thyroplasty (LAQ 2013)
Draw a well-labelled diagram of the course of left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Enumerate the causes of its paralysis and management. (SAQ 2016)
Chapter 61 Benign Tumours of Larynx 343
Vocal nodule (SAQ 2012, SAQ 2015)
Singer’s nodules (SAQ 2017)
Chapter 62 Cancer Larynx 347
Etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of carcinoma larynx (LAQ
2012)
Chapter 63 Voice and Speech Disorders 355

Chapter 64 Tracheostomy and Other Procedures for Airway Management

359
Indications, procedure and postoperative management for tracheostomy (LAQ
part 2011)
Complications of tracheostomy (SAQ 2012, SAQ 2017)
Indications and complications of tracheostomy (SAQ 2015 sup)
Indications and contraindications of tracheostomy (SAQ 2015)
Chapter 65 Foreign Bodies of Air Passages
F.B in bronchus (SAQ 2009)
Describe investigations and management of a case of foreign body right
bronchus (SAQ 2017)
365 SECTION VI THYROID GLAND AND ITS DISORDERS 369
Chapter 66 Thyroid Gland and Its Disorders 371 Physiology of thyroid
gland
SECTION VII DISEASES OF OESOPHAGUS 383
Chapter 67 Anatomy and Physiology of Oesophagus 385
Chapter 68 Disorders of Oesophagus 387
Plummer-Vinson syndrome (SAQ 2016)
Chapter 69 Dysphagia 393
Discuss differential diagnosis of dysphagia (LAQ 2017)
Chapter 70 Foreign Bodies of Food Passage 395
F. B. in oesophagus (SAQ 2010 sup)
SECTION VIII RECENT ADVANCES 399
Chapter 71 Laser Surgery, Radiofrequency Surgery, Hyperbaric Oxygen
Therapy and Coblation 401
Indications and advantages of laser in surgery (SAQ 2011)
Chapter 72 Cryosurgery 409
Chapter 73 Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers 411
Chapter 74 Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer 419
Chapter 75 HIV Infection/AIDS and ENT Manifestations 421
HIV in ENT (SAQ 2017 sup)
SECTION IX CLINICAL METHODS IN ENT AND NECK MASSES 425
Chapter 76 Clinical Methods in ENT 427
Chapter 77 Neck Masses 445
SECTION X OPERATIVE SURGERY 451
Chapter 78 Myringotomy (Syn. Tympanostomy) 453
Myringotomy (SAQ 2016 sup)
Chapter 79 Ear Surgery and Approaches 455
Chapter 80 Cortical Mastoidectomy 457
Simple mastoidectomy (SAQ 2009)
Chapter 81 Radical Mastoidectomy 459
Chapter 82 Modified Radical Mastoidectomy 461
Chapter 83 Myringoplasty 463
Chapter 84 Proof Puncture (Syn. Antral Lavage) 465
Chapter 85 Intranasal Inferior Meatal Antrostomy 467
Chapter 86 Caldwell–Luc (Anterior Antrostomy) Operation 469
Indications (SAQ 2009)
Chapter 87 Submucous Resection of Nasal Septum (SMR Operation) 471
Posterior Nasal Packing (SAQ 2009)
Complications of septal surgery (SAQ 2010 sup)
Chapter 88 Septoplasty 473
Chapter 89 Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy 475
Nasal Endoscopy (SAQ 2016)
Chapter 90 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery 477
FESS (SAQ 2011)
Chapter 91 Direct Laryngoscopy 481
Direct Laryngoscopy (SAQ 2011)
Chapter 92 Bronchoscopy 483
Bronchoscopy (SAQ 2014)
Chapter 93 Oesophagoscopy 485
Chapter 94 Tonsillectomy 487
Complications (LAQ part 2014 sup)
Chapter 95 Adenoidectomy 491
Chapter 96 Some Imaging Techniques in ENT 493
APPENDICES Appendix I Some Memorable Nuggets for Rapid Review
507
Appendix II Instruments 513

Electric larynx (SAQ 2014 sup)

Coagulation profile (SAQ 2014 sup)
Sistrunk operation (SAQ 2015)
Peripharyngeal abscess (SAQ 2016 sup)