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Grade 10 maths all equation

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Here is a summary of the Sri Lankan Grade 10 Mathematics syllabus equations.

These
equations are commonly taught as part of the curriculum:

1. Algebraic Equations

 Simplifying expressions
 Solving linear equations:
Example: ax+b=0ax + b = 0
Solution: x=−bax = -\frac{b}{a}
 Solving simultaneous linear equations:
Example:

a1x+b1y=c1anda2x+b2y=c2a_1x + b_1y = c_1 \quad \text{and} \quad a_2x + b_2y =


c_2

 Expanding algebraic expressions (e.g., using (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2(a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab +


b^2).
 Factorization of quadratic equations:
Example: ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0
Using the quadratic formula:

x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

2. Geometry and Trigonometry

 Pythagoras theorem:
a2+b2=c2a^2 + b^2 = c^2, where cc is the hypotenuse.
 Trigonometric ratios:

sin⁡θ=OppositeHypotenuse,cos⁡θ=AdjacentHypotenuse,tan⁡θ=OppositeAdjacent\sin \theta
= \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Hypotenuse}}, \quad \cos \theta = \frac{\text{Adjacent}}
{\text{Hypotenuse}}, \quad \tan \theta = \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Adjacent}}

 Area of a triangle using trigonometry:

Area=12absin⁡C\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin C

 Circle theorems:
o Angle at center=2×angle at circumference\text{Angle at center} = 2 \times \
text{angle at circumference}
o Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
3. Probability and Statistics

 Probability formula:

P(E)=Number of favorable outcomesTotal number of outcomesP(E) = \frac{\


text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of outcomes}}

 Mean, median, and mode formulas.

4. Mensuration

 Perimeter and area formulas:


o Circle: Circumference=2πr,Area=πr2\text{Circumference} = 2\pi r, \quad \
text{Area} = \pi r^2
o Rectangle: Perimeter=2(l+w),Area=l×w\text{Perimeter} = 2(l + w), \quad \
text{Area} = l \times w
o Triangle: Area=12×base×height\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \
times \text{height}
 Volume and surface area:
o Cylinder: Volume=πr2h,Surface Area=2πr(h+r)\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 h, \quad \
text{Surface Area} = 2\pi r(h + r)
o Sphere: Volume=43πr3,Surface Area=4πr2\text{Volume} = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3, \
quad \text{Surface Area} = 4\pi r^2

5. Functions and Graphs

 Slope of a straight line:

m=y2−y1x2−x1m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}

 Equation of a straight line:

y=mx+cy = mx + c

6. Simultaneous Equations

 Substitution method
 Elimination method
 Graphical solutions

If you want the syllabus equations in a specific format or more detailed explanations, feel free to
ask!

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