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Introduction-to-Computational-Data-Analytics

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Introduction-to-Computational-Data-Analytics

Uploaded by

iraamane1403
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Introduction to

Computational Data
Analytics
Computational data analytics is a powerful tool for extracting insights
from large, complex datasets. This field combines statistical methods,
machine learning, and data visualization to uncover hidden patterns and
make data-driven decisions.
What is Sampling?

1 Selecting a Subset 2 Reducing Complexity 3 Probability and Statistics


Sampling is the process of Sampling allows researchers to Sampling techniques rely on
selecting a representative subset focus on a manageable portion of probability and statistical
of a larger population to study. the data while still making principles to ensure the selected
inferences about the whole. sample is representative.
Fundamentals of Sampling
1 Random Sampling 2 Systematic Sampling
Selecting data points Selecting data points at
randomly to represent the regular intervals to ensure
entire population. even coverage.

3 Stratified Sampling
Dividing the population into distinct groups and sampling from
each group.

Understanding the fundamentals of sampling is crucial for drawing


accurate conclusions from data.
Probability Sampling
1 Probability 2 Sampling Methods
Distributions Techniques for selecting
Understanding the representative subsets of a
mathematical models that population to study, such as
describe the likelihood of random and stratified
different events or outcomes. sampling.

3 Margin of Error
Quantifying the uncertainty in sample-based estimates and
making inferences about the larger population.
Random Sampling
Techniques
1 Simple Random Sampling
Selecting data points completely at random without any
pattern.

2 Systematic Random Sampling


Selecting data points at regular intervals from a
randomized starting point.

3 Cluster Sampling
Dividing the population into groups and randomly selecting
a subset of those groups.

Random sampling techniques form the foundation for many data


analysis methods.
Stratified Sampling
Definition Benefits Applications
Stratified sampling involves dividing Stratified sampling can improve the Stratified sampling is commonly used
the population into distinct, representativeness of the sample, in market research, social sciences,
homogeneous subgroups (strata) and reduce sampling error, and provide and epidemiological studies to ensure
then randomly sampling from each more precise estimates of population that all relevant subgroups are
stratum. parameters. represented.

Stratified sampling is a powerful technique for ensuring that important subgroups are accurately represented in a sample.
Non-Probability Sampling Fundamentals
Convenience Sampling Purposive Sampling Snowball Sampling
Selecting participants based on their Intentionally selecting participants Asking initial participants to refer or
availability and ease of access, rather who possess specific characteristics introduce the researcher to other
than using a random process. relevant to the research question. potential participants.
Monte Carlo Simulation
Definition Applications
Monte Carlo simulation is a Monte Carlo simulation is
computational technique that widely used in risk analysis,
uses random sampling to financial modeling,
simulate the probability of engineering, and scientific
different outcomes in a process research to model complex
that cannot easily be predicted systems and understand the
due to the intervention of impact of uncertainty.
random variables.

Advantages
Monte Carlo simulation provides a powerful way to quantify
uncertainty, identify risk, and explore a wide range of possible
scenarios.

Monte Carlo simulation is a versatile tool for modeling and analyzing


complex systems that involve uncertainty.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo
(MCMC) Methods
Random Walk
1 The algorithm starts at a random point and takes a series of
random steps to explore the parameter space.

Acceptance/Rejection
2 The algorithm evaluates the likelihood of the current state
and decides whether to accept or reject the next step.

Convergence
3 As the algorithm runs, it converges to a stationary
distribution that represents the optimal solution.

MCMC methods are powerful tools for Bayesian inference and parameter
estimation in complex models.
Applications of Sampling
and Simulation

Market Research
Sampling and simulation are used to conduct surveys, test product
concepts, and understand consumer behavior.

Risk Management
Monte Carlo simulation is used to quantify and manage risks in financial,
engineering, and business applications.

Scientific Research
Sampling and simulation are used in fields like epidemiology, ecology,
and physics to model complex systems.

Sampling and simulation techniques have a wide range of applications in


data-driven decision-making and problem-solving.
Conclusion and Future
Directions
1 Continued 2 Interdisciplinary
Advancements Collaboration
Sampling and simulation The integration of sampling
methods will continue to and simulation with other
evolve, incorporating new fields, such as machine
technologies and techniques learning and artificial
to handle ever-increasing intelligence, will drive
data volumes and innovative solutions to
complexity. complex problems.

3 Ethical Considerations
As the use of sampling and simulation becomes more pervasive, it
will be important to address ethical concerns around data privacy,
bias, and transparency.

Computational data analytics, powered by sampling and simulation, will


play an increasingly crucial role in driving data-driven decision-making
and innovation in the years to come.

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