Structure of 4-year 8-semester B. Tech.

course in Optics & Optoelectronics in the

Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, University of Calcutta

SEMESTER – B1(Common to All streams) L T P Credit

HU101 Communicative English 2 1 0 3
PH102 Physics-I 2 1 0 3
CH103 Chemistry-I 2 1 0 3
MA104 Engineering Mathematics-I 2 1 0 3
EE105 Electrical Technology 2 1 0 3
CS106 Computer Programming and Data Structure 2 1 0 3
HU107 Language Lab 0 0 3 2
PH108 Physics-I Lab 0 0 3 2
CH109 Chemistry-I Lab 0 0 3 2
EE110 Electrical Technology Lab 0 0 3 2
CS111 Computer Lab 0 0 3 2
12 6 15 28
SEMESTER – B2 (Common to All streams)
HU201 Sociology 2 1 0 3
PH202 Physics-II 2 1 0 3
CH203 Chemistry-II 2 1 0 3
MA204 Engineering Mathematics-II 2 1 0 3
ET205 Basic Electronics 2 1 0 3
ME206 Engineering Mechanics 2 1 0 3
PH207 Physics-II Lab 0 0 3 2
CH208 Chemistry-II Lab 0 0 3 2
ET209 Electrical Technology Lab 0 0 3 2
ME210 Workshop Practice 0 0 3 2
ME211 Engineering Drawing 0 0 3 2
12 6 15 28
SEMESTER – B3
B231 Engineering Mathematics-III 2 1 0 3
B232 Foundation of Applied Optics & Photonics 3 0 0 3
B233 Photonic Materials 3 0 0 3
B234 Network Theory 2 1 0 3
B235 Analog and Digital Electronic Circuits 3 0 0 3
B231P Radiometry & Photometry Lab 0 0 6 4
B232P Computer Applications Lab 0 1 3 3
13 3 9 22
SEMESTER – B4
B241 Wave Optics 3 0 0 3
B242 Image Science 3 0 0 3
B243 Optical Metrology & Testing 3 0 0 3
B244 Communication systems 3 0 0 3
B245 Electromagnetics I 3 0 0 3
B246 Microprocessor & Microcontroller 3 0 0 3
B241P Electronics Circuits Lab 0 1 3 3
B242P Optics I Lab 0 1 3 3
18 2 6 24
SEMESTER – B5
B351 Signals & Systems 2 1 0 3
B352 Electromagnetics II 3 0 0 3
B353 Photonics sources, detectors and displays 3 0 0 3
B354 Lighting Science and Illumination Engineering 3 0 0 3
B355 Laser Physics 3 0 0 3
B351P Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab 0 0 3 2
B352P Optics II Lab 0 1 3 3
B351S Computer Application based mini project & Seminar 0 2 3 4
14 4 9 24
SEMESTER – B6
B361 Fiber Optics and fiber optic components 3 0 0 3
B362 Gaussian beam Optics and Laser Applications 3 0 0 3
B363 Fourier Optics and Holography 3 0 0 3
B364 Optical and Optomechanical Systems 3 0 0 3
B365 Elective Paper I 2 0 0 2
i) Optical System Design
ii) Data base management system
iii) Information Photonics
iv) Numerical Methods in Optics
B361P Illumination Engineering Lab 0 0 3 2
B362P Optics III Lab 0 0 6 4
B363P Signal Processing Lab 0 1 3 3
B364P Optical Simulation and Design Lab 0 1 3 3
14 2 15 26
 SEMESTER – B7
B471 Optical materials and thin films 3 0 0 3
B472 Instrumentation & Control 3 0 0 3
B473 Fundamentals of Optical Fiber Communication and 2 0 0 2
networking
B474 Crystal Optics and Nonlinear Optics 2 0 0 2
B475 Elective Paper II 2 0 0 2
v) Integrated Optics
vi) Biomedical Optics
vii) Digital Image Processing
B471D Preliminary Project Work 0 0 X 2
B471P Communications Lab 0 0 6 4
B472P Thin film and Photolithography Lab 0 0 3 2
B473P Photonic Devices & Systems Lab 0 0 6 4
12 0 15 24
SEMESTER – B8
B481S Seminar 2 X 0 0 2
B482D Project 0 0 X 10
B483V Grand Viva 0 0 X 2
X 0 X 14
Total Credit 190
 DETAILED SYLLABUS

4-year 8-semester B. Tech. course in Optics & Optoelectronics

in the Department of Applied Optics and Photonics, University of Calcutta

Detailed syllabus – Lecture

SEMESTER – B1 (Common to All streams)

HU101 Communicative English
Developing Listening Comprehension through Language Lab Device; Conversational Practice ,
Classroom presentation; Group Discussion , Comprehension from selected stories; Correction of errors,
Vocabulary, Grammer: Sentence Structures and Transformation; Active & Passive Voice; Direct &
Indirect Narration.
PH102- Physics-I

Viscosity, electricity, surface tension; Vectors in particle mechanics: Unit vectors in spherical and
cylindrical polar coordinates, Conservative vector fields and their potential functions - gravitational and
electrostatic examples, Gradient of a scalar field, Equipotentials, States of equilibrium, Work and Energy,
Conservation of energy, Motion in a central field and conservation of angular momentum. Simple
harmonic motion: Composition of simple harmonic motion, Forced vibration and resonance, Wave
equation in one dimension and travelling wave solution, Standing waves, Wave velocity and group
velocity.
Wave Optics: Diffraction- Fresnel and Fraunhofer class, theory of plane transmission grating, missing
orders, resolving power. Polarization – Double refraction, ordinary and extra ordinary rays, polaroids,
linearly, circularly and elliptically polarized light, half wave and quarter wave plates. Fiber Optics: Core
and cladding, step index and graded index fibers, acceptance angle, numerical aperture, losses,
applications.
Acoustics: Propagation of sound waves, acoustics of buildings.
CH103 Chemistry-I

Chemical Bonding: Valence bond theory, Molecular orbital theory, characteristics of different bonds;
Structure and Reactivity of Organic Molecules: Electronic influencing effects, aromaticity, elementary
idea of stereochemistry, mechanisms of some selected organic reactions. Coordination Chemistry:
Coordination numbers, Chelate effect, Coordination complexes and application, Bio-inorganic chemistry:
Metal ions in Biological systems, environmental aspects of Metals, NOx, CO, CO2. Organic Reaction
Mechanism: Mechanisms of selected organic, bio-organic, polymerization and catalytic reactions.
Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds: Selected Organic Compounds: Natural products and
Biomolecules (Amino acids/nucleic acids/proteins).
MA104 Engineering Mathematics-I

Differential calculus: Differential, Successive differentiation, Leibnitz Rule. Rolles Theorem.

L’Hospital’s Rule. Taylor’s theorem with Lagrange’s and Cauchy’s forms of remainders, Taylor’s and
Maclaurin’s series, expansion of functions, curvature, asymptotes. Maxima and minima of functions of a
single variable Curvature, concavity. Convexity, Points of inflexion. Partial derivatives, differentials and
total derivatives of composite functions. Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions. Taylor’s theorem
for a function of two variables. Maxima and minima of a function of several variables. Lagrange’s
method of undetermined multipliers. Infinite Series: Geometric series, Comparison test, p-series,
D’Alembert’s Ratio Test, Cauchy’s Root Test, Rabbe’s test, Gauss’ test, Power series, radius of
convergence. Int. Calculus: Properties of definite integrals. Quadrature, Rectification, Numerical
integration by Trapezoidal Rule and Simpson’s Rule. Double integral, change of order of integration,
change of variables, determination of area, volume, moment of inertia, centroid.
Vector calculus: Brief review of vector algebra, scalar and vector triple products, Directional derivatives,
gradient, divergence, curl, statements of Gauss’s theorem, Green’s theorem, Stokes’ theorem, examples.
EE105 Electrical Technology

D.C. Circuits: Kirchhoff’s laws, Maxwell’s loop current method, star-delta transformation. Network
theorems – Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Maximum power transfer
theorem. Magnetic Circuit: MMF, Flux, Reluctance. B-H Loop. Hysteresis and Eddy current loss.
Magnetic circuit analysis with air gap. A.C. Fundamentals : Sinusoidal quantities, phase & phase
difference, average & RMS values, form factor & peak factor, concept of Sinusoids, impedance &
admittance, power & power factor, A.C. Circuits: Series and parallel R-L-C Circuits, Form Factor, Peak.
 Factor. Phasor concept of Sinusoids. Impedance and Admittance. Power, Power Factor, V A, V AR.
Balanced 3-phase: 3-phase AC balanced circuits. Phase-sequence, Star and Delta connections. Power
Measurement: Wattmeter circuit connection. Power Measurement by two wattmeter methods in 3phase
system. DC Machines: Construction and general principle of operation. Generator EMF Equation. Field
connection, shunt series and compound. Generator characteristics. Motor-equation and general operation.
starting and speed control, torque -speed curve. 1-PhaseTransformer: Construction. EMF equation. Phasor
diagram. Equivalent circuits. Losses and Efficiency. Open circuit and Short circuit test. 3-Phase Induction
Machine: Types of induction machines. Rotating magnetic field, slip, torque equation, torque speed
curve.DOL starting and reduced voltage starting.
CS106 Computer Programming and Data Structure

Introduction to digital computers; introduction to programming – variables, assignments; expressions;

input/output; conditionals and branching; iteration; functions; recursion; arrays; introduction to pointers;
structures; introduction to data-procedure encapsulation; dynamic allocation; linked structures;
introduction to data structures – stacks and queues; time and space requirements.
SEMESTER – B2(Common to All streams)
HU201 HU201-Sociology

Sociology: Nature and scope of Sociology - Sociology and other Social Sciences - Sociological
Perspectives and explanation of Social issues. Society and Technology: Impact of Technology on the
Society - A case study. Social Stratification: Systems of Social Stratification - determinants of Social
Stratification - Functionalist, Conflict and Elitist perspectives on Social Stratification. Work: Meaning
and experience of work: Post industrial society- Post-Fordism and the Flexible Firm. Development -
Conceptions of and approaches to development - The Roles of State and the Market in the Development.
Globalization: The concept of globalization - globalization and the nation state - Development and
globalization in post colonial times. Industrial Policy and Technological change in India - The nature and
Role of the State in India. Technology Transfer: The Concept and Types of Technology Transfer-
Dynamics of Technology Transfer. Technology Assessment: The Concept - Steps involved in Technology
Assessment. Environment: Sociological Perspectives on Environment - Environmental Tradition and
values in ancient India. The Development of Management: Scientific Management - Organic
Organization - Net Work organization - Post modern Organization - Debureaucratization -
Transformation of Management. Technological Problems and the Modern Society: Selected Case Studies
- Electric Power Crisis, Industrial and/or Environmental Disaster, or Nuclear Accident.
PH202 Physics-II

Nuclear Physics: Q-value, exoergic and endoergic reaction, threshold energy for endoergic reaction,
packing fraction and binding energy, semi empirical mass formula, principle of reactors (qualitative).
Kinetic theory of gases: Expression for pressure, Significance of temperature, Deduction of gas laws.
Qualitative idea of -- Maxwell's velocity distribution, degrees of freedom and equipartition of energy,
Specific heat of gases at constant volume and constant pressure. Thermodynamics: Carnot cycle, principle
of steam engine and refrigeration, entropy, enthalpy, free energy, conduction of heat. Quantum
Mechanics: Planck’s radiation law, Compton effect, wavelength shift and recoil of electrons; de Broglie
hypothesis, Schrodinger time dependent and time independent equation, application to free particle and
particle in a box
CH203 Chemistry-II

Polymeric Materials: Elementary ideas of Polymer chemistry, thermosetting and thermoplastics, Nylon 6,
Nylon 66, polyester, SBR, biopolymers, proteins.
Analytical chemistry: Principles of spectroscopic techniques in Chemistry, Experimental methods of
structure determination using UV-VIS, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, Chromatographic methods of
separation and analysis, potentometric and amperometric methods of analysis. Electrochemical Systems :
Electrochemical cells and EMF, Applications of EMF measurements: Thermodynamic data, activity
coefficients, solubility product and pH, corrosion. Kinetics of Chemical Reactions: Reversible,
consecutive and parallel reactions, steady state approximation, chain reactions, photochemical kinetics.
MA204 Engineering Mathematics-II

Linear dependence of vectors, basis, linear transformations, rank and inverse of a matrix, solution of
algebraic equations. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Hermitian and skew Hermitian matrices. Convergence
of improper integrals, tests of convergence, Beta and Gamma functions elementary properties,
differentiation under integral sign, differentiation of integrals with variable limits. Rectification, double
and triple integrals, computations of surfaces and volumes, Jacobians of transformations, integrals
dependent on parameters applications. Scalar and vector fields, level surfaces, directional derivative,
 Gradient, Curl, Divergence, Laplacian, line and surface integrals, theorems of Green. Gauss and Stokes,
orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Finite differences, Newton’s forward and backward interpolation
formulae, Central difference interpolation. Trapezoidal rule and Simpson’s 1/3rd rule of integration.
Solution of polynomial and transcendental equations, bisection method, Newton Raphson method and
Regula falsi method.
ET205 Basic Electronics

Introduction to electronics and electronic systems, Semiconductor PN junction, V- I characteristics, break

down mechanism, Zener diode and their application, half and full wave rectifiers, clipper, clampers.
Semiconductor and devices like diodes, BJT, FET, MOSFET, Rectifier and Filters, Transistor biasing.
Bipolar junction transistors, characteristics, Early effect, biasing, different mode of operation, use of BJT
as amplifier, single stage amplifier, feedback amplifier.
Small signal transistor amplifiers, Operational amplifier and its application, Feedback and Oscillators,
Digital circuit and combinational logic, Sequential logic and flip-flops, ADC & DAC, Data acquisition
systems,
ME206- Engineering Mechanics

Statics: Basic concepts, Scalars and vectors, parallelogram law, Lami’s theorem, Application of Vectors
in Mechanics, Force Systems in two Dimensions; Moments and Couples; Resultants and Components in
concurrent coplanar forces, parallel forces in a plane, Free Body Diagram Concept, Fundamentals of
Friction, Limiting angle of Friction, Centroid, Moment of Inertia , Plane Trusses; Frames and Machines.
Applications to wedges.
Dynamics: Introduction to vector calculus, Definition of vectors in Dynamics, Two dimensional article
Kinematics in Rectangular Co-ordinates, Cylindrical Co-ordinates and in terms of Normal and Tangential
Components; Rectilinear Motion, Curvilinear motion of particle and description of different coordinate
systems, Kinetics, Newton's Law and D' Alembert's principle and application to rectilinear and curvilinear
motion, constrained motion, Energy and Momentum methods. Linear Impulse; Angular Impulse and
Momentum – Central Force Motion.
SEMESTER – B3
B231 Engineering Mathematics-III

Integral transforms : Different kinds – Kernel function of different transforms

Fourier transforms : Physical interpretation with reference to optical wave-amplitude distribution function
– Different properties – convolution – auto-correlation – Inverse Fourier transform – Fourier transform of
circle function – Hankel transforms

Special Functions : Bessel finction – Hermite function

Laplace transform : Two sided and one sided Laplace transform – functions of exponential order –
Laplace transform of periodic and other functions – Properties – Inverse Laplace Transform – Lerch’s
Theorem – Solutions of differential equations – boundary value problems – Solving circuit problems
using LT

Functions of complex variable and conformal transformation : Analytical complex function – Properties
and geometrical interpretation – Cauchy-Rieman differential equations – Harmonic functions – Line
integral of complex function – Cauchy’s integral theorem – Derivatives of analytical function – Modulus
and real value theorem – Taylor and Laurent series – Residue and Cauchy’s residue theorem – Definite
integrals by the method of residue using special contours – Jordan’s lemma – Indenting the contour

Mapping of complex functions : Conformal mapping – Critical point of transformation – Mapping of

standard analytical complex functions

Integral Equations : Fredholm equation – Volterra equation – Solution of integral equation using iterative
techniques – Solution of Volterra equation using Laplace transform

Engineering Statistics : Collection of data – Measures of central tendency and dispersion

Probablity Theory : Axioms – Total probability – Conditional probability – Bayes’ theorem – Expectation
– Variance

Probability distributions : Binomial – Poisson – Hypergeometric – Normal – Lognormal

B232 Foundations of Applied Optics and Photonics

Geometrical optics: Optical rays. Refractive index. Fermat’s principle. Reflection and refraction from
planar mirrors and boundaries between media of different refractive indexes. Total internal reflection

Physical optics: Wave propagation. Plane and diverging and converging spherical waves. Paraxial
approximation, Reflection and refraction from planar mirrors and planar boundaries between media of
different refractive indexes. Comparison between geometrical and wave optics. Fresnel zones and zone
plates, Wave model of lenses and imaging

Optical Components & subsystems: Prisms (dispersive and non-dispersive) & prism systems – Single lens
imaging- Cardinal points and planes-Compound lens system –-Stops and Pupils – Eye-pieces –
Objectives.

Wave-particle nature of matter and radiation-Quantum properties of the mechanical 1D harmonic

oscillator,
Quantization of the free electromagnetic field in a cavity.

Radiometry and photometry; Eye and vision

B233 Photonic Materials

Free electron theory (qualitative), Fermi energy, Fermi-Dirac distribution function (with derivation),–
formation of allowed and forbidden energy bands, Concept of effective mass – electrons and holes,
Density of states (qualitative), Electron scattering and resistance, magneto-resistance, Hall effect (with
derivation);

Semiconductors and insulators –direct & indirect band gaps, Fermi level for intrinsic (derivation) and
extrinsic semiconductors (dependence on temperature and doping concentration). Diffusion and drift
current (qualitative),

Semiconductor junctions: p-n junction; bipolar junction transistor; Field effect transistor- basics of device
fabrication. III-V and II-VI compounds: Homostructure and heterostructures.

Photoconductive Materials: Photoelectric emission, Surface Effects, Band bending, Different

Photoconductive materials.

Luminescence Materials: Luminescent Centres, Interaction with the Lattice, Thermally Stimulated
Luminescence, Optically (Photo-) Stimulated Luminescence, Experimental Techniques –
Photoluminescence, Applications, Phosphors,

B234 Network Theory

Types of systems & networks: Continuous & Discrete, Linear and Non-linear, Time variant and Time
invariant, Lumped and distributed, Passive & Active Networks and Systems

Tools for network analysis: Loop variable analysis and node variable analysis

Network theorems and their applications in circuit analysis: Superposition theorem, Norton theorem,
Thevenin’s theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, Millman’s Theorem, Tellegen’s theorem.,
Compensation theorem

Graph of network, concept of tree branch, tree link. Incidence matrix, Tie-set matrix and loop currents,
Cut set matrix and node pair potentials

Two port networks: Open circuit Impedance and Short circuit Admittance parameters, Transmission
parameters, hybrid parameters, and their inter-relations. Conditions of symmetry and reciprocity.

Laplace transforms of impulse, step and ramp waveforms for RL, RC, LC and RLC Circuits. Transient
analysis of different electrical circuits with and without initial conditions

Active filter analysis and synthesis using operational amplifier, First and second order active Filters.
B235 Analog and Digital Electronic Circuits (3-0-0)

Concept of Switch Mode Power Supply, Buck, Boost, Half bridge, Full bridge, Silicon Controlled
Rectifier (SCR) – Operation;

BJT amplifier: Equivalent circuits for low and high frequency operations– Analysis of single / multistage
amplifiers. Feedback amplifier; FET amplifier

Oscillators; – Classification, RC Phase Shift, Wien Bridge, High Frequency LC and Non-Sinusoidal type
Oscillators;

Operational Amplifier: Differential Amplifier, Constant current source (current mirror etc.), level shifter,
Comparator – Schmitt Trigger – Amplifier – Summing Amplifier – Integrator – Differentiator – Oscillator
– Active Filters – Voltage to Frequency Converter and Frequency to Voltage Converter, Instrumentation
Amplifier, Log & Antilog amplifier, Multiplier, divider, Phase Locked Loop [PLL].

FET and MOSFET, Small signal equivalent circuits for low and high frequency operations

TTL and CMOS logic, CMOS transmission gates, pseudo-nMOS, domino logic gates. Interfacing other
systems with TTL and CMOS, Fabrication technology.

Binary Number Systems and Codes; Logic Gates and Truth Tables, Boolean Algebra, De Morgan’s
Theorems, logic design of half and full adders. Sequential logic: Flip-flops, Registers, counters; A/D D/A
converters.

SEMESTER – B2
B241 Wave Optics

The wave equation; electromagnetic waves; phase and group velocities; complex refractive index;
dispersion,

Interference; Two Beam Interference: Division of Wavefront Interferometers (Young’s Experiment and
variants) Division of Amplitude Interferometers (Michelson Interferometer)
Multiple Beam Interference: Division of Wavefront Interferometers (Multiple coherent oscillators)
Division of Amplitude Interferometers (Fabry-Perot interferometer);

Coherence; polarized light; Jones vectors/matrices; production of polarized light; birefringence,

Kirchoff’s integral,

Fresnel and Fraunhoffer diffraction; diffraction gratings.

B242 Image science

Ray-optical (Geometrical) theory of image formation : Hamilton’s point characteristic function –

Hamilton-Brun’s eikonal – Fundamental limits in perfect imaging – Stigmatic imaging with wide-angle
pencils – Focal properties of astigmatic pencil of rays

Elements of aberration theory : Different measures of aberrations – Wave & Ray aberration –
interrelationship – Effects of choice of reference on aberrations – Longitudinal & Transverse shift of
focus – Power series expansion of aberration function – Aberrations in axially symmetric systems –
Primary aberrations & corresponding ray optical pattern

Diffraction Theory of Image formation : Diffraction images of aberration free systems – Diffraction
images of aberrated systems – Two-point resolution – Rayleigh, Sparrow and Strehl criteria –

Small aberration approximation – Variance of wave aberration – Marechal criteria of aberration balancing

Communication theoretic viewpoint of image formation : Elements of linear system theory – Isoplanatism
and space invariance – Effects of coherence of wavefield on image formation – Abbe theory of coherent
image formation – Image formation of self luminous or incoherently illuminated objects
 Image Quality Evaluation parameters : Point Spread Function – Optical Transfer Function – Modulation
Transfer Function – Phase Transfer Function

B243 Optical Metrology & Testing

Metrological systems: Concept, Acuity, Resolution, Repeatability, Dynamic range, Autocollimator,

Theodilite and Range finder.

Direct-phase measuring interferometry, measurement of surface quality, testing mirrors, windows and
prisms, measurement of index homogeneity, testing of spherical surface, spherical mirrors, testing of
lenses: geometrical test methods (refractometers, knife edge, Ronchi, Wire, Hartmann);

Review of interference and coherence; fringe visibility, basic interferometers; third order aberrations;

conventional interferometers (Newton, Fizeau, Twyman-Green and shearing); fringe localization;

phase shifting, holographic, Moire, photoelastic and speckle interferometry; aspheric surfaces testing;
ellipsometry

B244 Analog and Digital Communication

Signal transmission in linear system: Power and energy spectral density– Analog communication system
– Amplitude modulation – DSB – SSB – VSB – Phase and frequency modulation –Generation and
detection – Noise considerations – Sampling and pulse modulation – Aliasing – PAM – PWM – PPM
signals

Digital communication : Comparison with analog system – Synchronous and asynchronous system, -
Baseband system – Sampling- Pulse Modulation-Sampling process –PAM- other forms of pulse
modulation –Bandwidth –Noise trade off –Quantization –PCM- Noise considerations in PCM Systems-
TDM- Digital multiplexers-Virtues, Limitation and modification of PCM-Delta modulation –Linear
prediction –differential pulse code modulation – Adaptive Delta Modulation

Digital carrier system : ASK – PSK – FSK – DPSK – Frequency and time division multiplexing – Bit
error rate; Error Control Coding- Discrete memory-less channels – Linear block codes –Cyclic codes

B245 Electromagnetics I

Sources and effects of electromagnetic fields – Vector fields – Different co-ordinate systems- vector
calculus – Gradient, Divergence and Curl - Divergence theorem – Stoke’s theorem.

Coulomb’s Law – Electric field intensity – Field due to point and continuous charges – Gauss’s law and
application – Electric potential – Electric field and equipotential plots – Electric field in free space,
conductors, dielectric -Dielectric polarization - Dielectric strength - Electric field in multiple dielectrics –
Boundary conditions, Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations – Capacitance- Energy density

Lorentz Law of force, magnetic field intensity – Biot–savart Law - Ampere’s Law – Magnetic field due to
straight conductors, circular loop, infinite sheet of current – Magnetic flux density (B) – B in free space,
conductor, magnetic materials – Magnetization – Magnetic field in multiple media – Boundary conditions
– Scalar and vector potential – Magnetic force – Torque – Inductance – Energy density – Magnetic
circuits.

Faraday’s laws, induced emf – Transformer and motional EMF – Forces and Energy in quasi-stationary
Electromagnetic Fields - Maxwell’s equations (differential and integral forms) – Displacement current –
Fresnel Coefficients – Total internal reflection – Goos-Hanchen shift.

B246 Microprocessor & Microcontroller

Microcomputer systems and their building blocks, memory interfacing, concepts of interrupts and Direct
Memory Access, Interfacing with peripherals - timer, serial I/O, parallel I/O, Arithmetic Coprocessors;
System level interfacing design; virtual memory, Cache memory,

Peripherals: 8255, 8279, 8259, 8237. Internal architecture and interfacing with 8085A and 8086
 microprocessor.

Microcontroller: Intel 8051 embedded controller, Features, Architecture, instruction set, Assembly
language programming, Addressing modes, system design using 8051

Open source systems: Arduino, Raspberry -Pi:

SEMESTER – B5
B351 Signals & Systems

Discrete-Time Signal Analysis : Methodology – Signal Characteristics – Operations on Signals

Linear Time-Variant Discrete Systems : Linearity – Time Invariance – Impulse Response – Causality –
Stability

Z-Transform : Properties – Region of Convergence – Linearity – Time Scaling – Differentiation –

Multiplication – Convolution – Initial Value Theorem – Final Value Theorem – Inverse Z-transform
Complex Inversion Integral – Partial Fraction Technique – Inversion by Division

Discrete Fourier Transform – Fast Fourier Transform – System Frequency Response – Sampling –
Aliasing

Digital Filters : FIR and IIR Filters – Analysis and Realization of Digital Linear Systems – IIR and FIR
Digital Filter Design

B352 Electromagnetics II

Waveguides : Concept of guided wave – Planar Waveguide – Rectangular waveguide – Cylindrical

waveguide – Cut-off frequency

Transmission Lines : Circuit model – Propagation factor – Characteristic impedence – Lossless lines –
Two wire lines – Co-axial lines – Impedence matching – Transmission line circuits

Antennas: electric dipole and magnetic dipole- Practical antennas – Antenna arrays – Reciprocity and
receiving antennas – Effective aperture antenna – Microstrip antenna used for mobile communication

B353 Photonic sources, detectors and displays

Photonic sources: LEDs; OLED, ILD; Heterojunction Laser-DFB, DBR.

Photonic detectors: Classification, Photomultiplier, photo conductor, Junction photodiodes: PN/PIN and
avalanche photodiode: Performance criterion, noise consideration, Figure of merit;

CCD arrays; Silicon photonic devices: source, detection;

Devices for beam modulations: Liquid crystal, spatial light modulators, acousto-optic modulators;

Display devices: LCD, LED and OLED panel displays, Plasma panel.

B354 Lighting Science and Illumination Engineering

Sources of light- thermal radiator-blackbody radiator, laws of thermal radiation; spectral power
distribution (SPD) of light sources.

Eye and Vision – photopic, scotopic and mesopic; CIE standard observer;
Radiometric and photometric quantities and their measurements.

Colorimetry – trichromatic vision; RGB and CIE -XYZ colour specification system- CIE standard
Illuminant, computation of CCT and CRI from chromaticity diagram.

Laws of illumination, perfect diffuser, Lambert’s law. Computation of planer and non-planer illuminance
 Lamps-general classification; incandescent, halogen, fluorescent including ballasts, HID lamps, LEDs:
Luminaire- its function and classification.

Lighting design- : energy efficient lighting system.

Indoor lighting– Lumen method and zonal cavity method for general lighting design; selection criteria of
lamps and luminaire, design considerations, design procedure;

Day lighting – characteristics and features of daylight; sky models – Indian clear sky,; day lighting
concepts; window design formula; Physical scale modeling: lighting control

Outdoor lighting– roadlighting –lamp & luminaire selection, Floodlighting-selection of floodlights-

design procedure; Sportslighting- special lighting requirements for games.

Lighting energy management and lighting economics – lighting power budget; lighting power limit,
payback calculation

B355 Laser Physics

Light-Matter Interaction: Spontaneous Emission – Stimulated Emission – Stimulated absorption –

Einsteins’ Relations – Induced Transition Rate for Two-level System – Line Shape Function –
Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Broadening

Operational Characteristics of Lasers : Three-level and Four-level Lasers – Gain and Gain Saturation –
Hole Burning

Laser Cavity Characteristics : Fabry-Perot Laser Cavities – Population Inversion in 3-level and 4-level
Lasers

Issues of Output Power Coupling in Laser Cavities – Laser Efficiency, Mode Locking – Q-switching

Laser Systems : Classification – Significance of Electronic, Vibrational and Rotational States

Solid-State Lasers : Nd:YAG/Nd:Glass Lasers – Tunable Ti-Sapphire Laser – Fiber Lasers

Gas Lasers : He-Ne Laser – Argon-ion Laser – He-Cd Laser – Excimer Lasers – Carbon dioxide Laser –
Copper Vapor Laser- Organic Dye Lasers
SEMESTER – B6
B361 Fiber Optics and fiber optic components

Basic dielectric waveguide equations; Propagation through anisotropic media : Concept of birefringence –
Propagation through inhomogeneous media – Eikonel equation.

Ray optic and wave optics model of optical fiber; step-index and graded-index fibers; single mode and
multi-mode fibers; mode cutoff conditions; numerical aperture;

Transmission characteristics of optical fibers – Losses: intrinsic and extrinsic – absorption – Rayleigh
scattering – Modal birefringence – Polarization maintaining fiber

Dispersion in Fiber – Material dispersion, waveguide dispersion and modal dispersion – Zero dispersion
fiber, dispersion flattened fibre, dispersion compensated fibre.

Preparation of optical fibers – optical fiber connections, joints, couplers and splices – Fiber cabling

B362 Gaussian Beam Optics and Laser Applications (3-0-0)

Paraxial Ray Propagation : Ray Tracing – Application to Optical Cavities – Stability – Stable and
Unstable Cavities – Repetitive rays – Initial Conditions

Paraxial Ray Propagation : Ray Tracing – Application to Optical Cavities – Stability – Stable and
Unstable Cavities – Repetitive rays – Initial Conditions
 Gaussian Beam : Stationary and Travelling TEM modes – Solution of wave equation – Physical
Description of TEM00 Mode – Higher Order Modes – ABCD Law for Gaussian Beams

Optical Resonators : Gaussian Beam in Stable Resonators – Mode Volume – Resonance – Sharpness of
Resonance – Photon Life Time – Cavity with Gain

Characteristics of Laser Light : Directionality – Brightness – Monochromaticity –Spatial and Temporal

Coherence

Material Processing Using Laser : Welding – Cutting – Drilling – Marking – Micromachining

Laser in Medical Science : Light tissue interaction – Photochemical – Photothermal – Photomechanical –

Applications in Ophthalmology – Photo Dynamic Therapy – Tumour Therapy - Medical Diagnostic
using Free Electron Laser – Applications in Biology and Biotechnology

Laser Applications in Optical Information Storage

B363 Fourier Optics and Holography

Fourier Transforms in Optics : Diffraction as a convolution Operation – Fresnel function and its
properties – Talbot Phenomenon – System theory approach – Phase transformation by a thin lens –
Evaluation of thickness function – Lens as a Fourier transforming element – Limiting resolving power –
Quasi-Fourier transform

Spatial Filtering : Essence of spatial filtering – Abbe-Porter experiment – Binary filters – Amplitude
filters – Phase filters – Complex filters

Visualization of Phase Objects : Dark-ground technique – Phase-contrast technique – Single side-brand

transmission

Holography : The holographic process – Gabor hologram – Limitations – Classification – Off-axis

hologram – Bragg theory – Volume Transmission hologram – Reflection hologram – Phase hologram

Holographic Process : Generalized Treatment – Recording and reconstruction geometry – Longitudinal

and lateral shift – Effect of wavelength and nature of reconstructing beam – Magnification of image

B364 Optical and Optomechanical Systems

Principles of opto-mechanical design, fold mirrors and prisms, tolerance, specifications of optical
components, lens and mirror mounting, kinematics systems, precision adjustments and control.

Microscopy : Compound microscope – Illuminating techniques – Phase-contrast microscope –

Polarization microscope – Interference microscope – Inverted microscope – Confocal microscope

Telescope : Concepts – Catoptric and dioptric systems – Cassegrain System – Schmidt system – Erecting
systems – Binoculars – Riflescope – Periscope

Camera : Fixed focus system – Twin lens reflex camera – Single lens reflex camera – Camera Objectives

Monochromators- Spectrophotometer

B365 Elective Paper 1

E11) Optical System Design

Types of optical systems and use of lenses/mirrors.

Classification of lens systems, Lens design methodology, degrees of freedom; constraints; Role of
paraxial optics

Thin lens Approximation: Shape variable and conjugate variable, dependence of primary aberration of
thin lens on shape variable and conjugate variable, stop shift formulae, object shift formulae
First order design of multicomponent systems

Design considerations in :
(a) Telescopic optical Systems, Erecting Telescopes, Medical / surveying / defence applications and
system requirements
(b) Magnifying systems, compound microscope, microscopy of transparent objects, confocal microscopy
(c) Projection systems and contour projections
(d) Mirror imaging systems, photographic optics, symmetrical principle, theory of tilted planes, special
purpose cameras, non-imaging optics, optics of Gaussian beams

E12) Database Management Systems

Database Systems versus File Systems, View of Data, Data Models, database languages, Database Users
and Administrators. Transaction Management, Decision Support Systems, Components of a Database
management System. Distributed Processing and Client- Server Architecture. Entity-Relationship Model
– Basic Concepts, Constraints, Keys, Design Issues, E-R Diagrams.

Relational Model- Structures of relational databases, Integrity Constraints, Logical database Design,
Tables, Views, Data Dictionary. Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus.

SQL – Basic Structures, Query Handling, Embedded SQL, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), Java
Database Connectivity (JDBC), Triggers, Security and Authorization. Query By Example (QBE), User
Interfaces and Tools, Forms and Graphical User Interfaces. Report Generators. Overview of Relational
Query Optimization.

Relational Database Design- Functional Dependencies, Multi-valued Dependencies, Normal Forms,

Decomposition into Normalized Relations, Physical Database Design – File Structures. Object-Relational
Databases – Nested Relations, Complex Data types, Object-Relational Features in SQL:1999.

Internet Databases- World Wide Web, Client Side Scripting and Applets, Web Servers and Sessions,
Services, Server Side Scripting. XML – Structure of XML Data, XML

Document Schema, XQuery, Storage of XML Data, XML Applications.

E13) Information Photonics

Concepts of information: Probability, Entropy; Channels: bandlimited and Gaussian: Shannon’s

theorems: Detection and estimation of information: Bayes theorem; Visual signal processing Visual
perception and perception laws; Computer vision: Image acquisition and image geometry; Low level
information processing. Information encryption.

Photonic techniques of measurement of profile; Laser Doppler Anemometer

Transform domain processing: Instrumentation based on Fourier and wavelet transform; Correlators:4f
system, joint transform and fractional Fourier transforms correlators; Pattern recognition.

Photonic computing: number systems and photonic architectures.

Quantum information processing: qubits, quantum logic and quantum computing and communication.
Photonic information processing at nano scale.

E14) Numerical methods in Optics

Introduction to numerical methods: need, different types of NMPs, applications, MATLAB/C

ODE solvers: boundary conditions, Euler and Runge-Kutta, error estimates

Numerical methods: FEM, FDM, VFM, BEM, Monte Carlo, FDTD, multiresolution – wavelet

Applications:
a) FEM/VFM applied to modelling of materials (experimental verification by optical methods such as
OCT, WSI etc.)
 b) FDM applied to scalar diffraction theory
c) FDTD in fiber optics and plasmonics
d) Monte Carlo in light transport within soft tissues.

SEMESTER B7
B471 Optical materials and thin films

Glass based optical materials: Kinetic theory of glass formation, structure and classification, Graded-
index glass materials, Halide glass, Chalcogenide glass, IR & UV Materials, Polymers

Optical Thin Films : Concept – Structure – Formation and nucleation

Fresnel coefficient – Matrix equation of single layer film – Extension to multilayer film – Transmission
and absorption equations

Herpin index evaluation – Vectorial representation of thin film assembly – Absentee layers – Metallic
layer and boosted reflection

Applications : Single layer and multi layer antireflection coating – Neutral mirrors and beam splitters –
Polarizing beam splitters – Dichoric mirrors – Heat reflecting mirrors – Cold mirrors – Laser mirrors

Lithography: Photolithography, concepts of electron-beam lithography and nano-lithography

Etching: Dry etching, wet etching

Vacuum Pump: Rotary and diffusion pump – Turbo and cryogenic pump

Thin Film Deposition : PVD Techniques (Evaporation – Electron and ion-beam deposition), CVD
Techniques, Sputtering technique

Rate of evaporation and Thickness Monitoring : Optical technique using piezo-electric crystal

B472 Instrumentation & Control

Transducers : Resistance type → potentiometer & strain gauges – Inductive type → LVDT – Capacitive
type – Piezoelectric transducer

Measurements : Dimensional change – Motion – Force – Torque – Pressure – Sound

Sensing Elements : Temperature sensing elements → RTD – Thermistor – Thermocouple –

Semiconductor sensor

Measurement methods using above sensors with associated circuits – Pressure sensing elements →
Manometer – Bourdon tube – Diaphragm – Bellow

Measurement methods : Measurement of vacuum pressure using Mcleod gauge & Pirani gauge – Flow
sensing elements → Orifice – Venturi – Flow-nozzle & Measurement methods – Rotameter –
Electromagnetic flowmeter – Coriolis flowmeter

Control system : block diagram – transfer function – Mathematical model of dynamic system – electrical,
electro-mechanical and fluidic system

Stability : Routh-Hurwitz stability criteria – Root locus technique – Polar plot – Bode plot – Log-
magnitude vs. phasor plot – Nyquist stability criteria – Relative stability – Gain and phase margin –
Frequency response – Constant magnitude and phase shift loci in g-plane – Nichol’s chart

System automation : System dynamics – Time constants – Proportional control – Integral control –
Derivative control – PID control

B473 Fiber optic Communication and networking

 Analysis and design of common fiber optic communication systems. Transmission penalties.

Optical transmitters and receivers: fundamental operation and noise.

Intensity and phase modulation. Optical amplification: types of amplifiers, noise and system integration.

Point-to-point links: power budget and rise-time analysis. Performance analysis: BER and eye diagrams.

WDM concepts and components: multiplexers, filters,

Networking practice: packet switching ; packet multiplexed stream traffic;

Optical network: FDDI, SONET/SDH, Router, cross-connects, add/drop multiplexer, Access and
transport network

B474 Crystal Optics and Nonlinear Optics

Crystal Optics : Concept of isotropic and anisotropic media, dielectric tensor of an anisotropic media –
Ray velocity and phase velocity in an anisotropic media – Fresnel formula in crystals – Geometrical
constructions for determining the velocities of propagation and direction of vibration – Optical
classification of crystal – Light propagation in uniaxial and biaxial crystals – Typical interference fringes
of uniaxial and biaxial crystals – Determination of optic axis direction by means of interference in crystals

Crystal devices in optics : Nicol Prism – Wave plates – Babinet’s compensator – Soleil’s compensator –
Berek’s compensator

Second and third order nonlinearity in optics – Harmonic generation – Parametric oscillation –
Photorefractive materials in nonlinear optics – Phase matching – Optical Kerr effect – Phase conjugation
– Bistable optical switches – Polymers in nonlinear optics.

Introduction to photonic crystal

B475 Elective Paper II

E21) Integrated Optics

Couple mode analysis of planer and channel optical waveguide

Coupling and decoupling of energy into and from the guide

Basic devices in integrated optics : I.O.lenses, prisms, spectrum analyzer, active and passive directional
coupler; Specification of optical circuits

Semiconductor waveguide fabrication technique: Gallium Arsenide and Lithium Niobate technology

Application of I.O. devices in switching and logic operations; emerging commercial devices and
applications

E22) Biomedical Optics

Light-tissue Interaction : Optical Wavelength Range – Main Processes of Absorption – Scattering –

Reflection – Refraction – Luminescence – Interference – Polarization – Energetic Structure of Matter in
Gaseous, Liquid and Solid State - Character of Corresponding Absorption and Emission Spectra –
Relations of Scattering and Absorption in Tissues – The “Therapeutic Window”

Diagnostic Optical Spectroscopy – Photon Migration and Optical Imaging – Time Domain and
Frequency Domain Methods for Imaging – Endoscopic imaging

Confocal and Nonlinear Optical Microscopy

Optical Coherence Tomography – Optical Doppler Flowmetry – Optical tweezers

E23) Digital Image Processing

 Digital Image Acquisition: Sampling and quantization; spatial, grey level and temporal resolution, CCIR
and RS170 monochrome standards, output signal organization and voltage levels.

Image Histogram: significance and interpretation.

Spatial domain Processing: Pixel point processing: linear and piecewise linear transformations, log and
power law transformations, histogram equalization, Arithmetic and logic operation between image
frames.

Pixel Group Processing: Convolution in spatial domain, low frequency and high frequency filtering,
gradient filters.

Frequency Domain Processing: Relation with spatial domain convolution, standard low pass and high
pass spatial domain filters

Morphological operations: Translation, Reflection, Complement, Difference, Dilation, Erosion, Opening

and Closing, Hit or miss transform, Boundary extraction, Region filling.

Colour Image Processing: RGB and HIS colour models and interrelation, pseudo colour intensity slicing,
colour segmentation.

Image Compression Standards: Lossy and lossless compressions, BMP, TIFF & JPG image formats.

SEMESTER B8
B481S Seminar
B48D Project (0-0-X)
B48V Grand Viva (0-0-X)
 Detailed syllabus – Laboratory

SEMESTER – B1(Common to All streams)

HU107 Language Lab

Honing ‘Listening Skill’ and its sub skills through Language Lab Audio device; Honing
‘Speaking Skill’ and its sub skills; Linguistic/Paralinguistic features
(Pronunciation/Phonetics/Voice modulation/Stress/ Intonation/ Pitch &Accent) of connected
speech; Introducing ‘Group Discussion’ through audio –Visual input and acquainting them
with key strategies for success; Honing ‘Conversation Skill’ using Language Lab Audio –
Visual input; Conversational Practice Sessions; ‘Group Discussion’ through audio –Visual
input and acquainting them with key; strategies for success; G D Practice Sessions for helping
them internalize basic Principles (turn- taking, creative intervention, by using correct body
language, courtesies & other soft skills) of GD; Honing ‘Reading Skills’ and its sub skills
using Visual / Graphics/Diagrams /Chart Display/Technical/Non Technical Passages; Learning
Global / Contextual / Inferential Comprehension
PH108 Physics-I Lab

Determination of: Modulus of elasticity, Coefficient of viscosity by Stoke’s law, Refractive

index of transparent liquid by travelling microscope, Moment of inertia, Surface tension of a
liquid, Coefficient of friction.
CH109 Chemistry-I Lab

1. Titrations: acid-base, redox, complexometric, conductometric

2. To determine calcium and magnesium hardness of a given water sample separately.
3. To determine the value of the rate constant for the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate catalyzed by
hydrochloric acid.
4. Determination of partition coefficient of acetic acid between n-butanol and water
5. Determination of dissolved oxygen present in a given water sample.
6. To determine chloride ion in a given water sample by Argentometric method
EE110 Electrical Engineering Lab

Familiarization experiments(Variac, Potential divider, MCV.MIV,MCA,MIA &Wattmeter);

Study of AC series R-L-C series circuit; Characteristics of Tungsten and Carbon filament
lamps; No load test on Single phase Transformer ; Experiments on DC circuits and DC
machines; Calibration of voltmeter, ammeter and energy meter; Experiments on magnetic
circuit principles
CS111 Computer Lab

Introduction to: LAN, Server-Client, Microsoft Windows and Linux Platforms, Common OS
Commands, Editor, Compiler. Expression evaluation; Conditionals and branching; Iteration;
Functions; Recursion; Arrays; Structures; Linked lists; Data structures
SEMESTER – B2(Common to All streams)
PH207 Physics-II Lab

Determination of : Wavelength of light by grating; Focal length of concave mirror; Optical

activity of polarimeter; Resistances in series and parallel combinations; Mutual inductance;
Voltage gain of amplifier
CH208 Chemistry-II Lab

Estimation of Copper in brass by iodometry; Estimation of iron in cement by dichromatometry;

Determination of different organic groups known and unknown; Preparation of emulsion and
study of its stability; Determination of hardness of water; Determination of fats and oils.
ET209 Electronics Lab

Study the Multi-meter; Study of Cathode Ray oscilloscope; V-I Characteristics of P-N junction
Diode; Rectifier Circuit( H.W./F.W./B.R) with different filter arrangement; Digital logic
 trainer; Tenor characteristics .
ME210 Workshop Practice

Fitting Shop: Introduction to different hand tools, equipment and measuring devices, sawing,
filing & drilling. Practice Jobs on MS Plate, making of nuts and bolts.
Carpentry Shop: Specification of wood and wood products, Introduction to Tools and
equipment, different wood joints. Practice jobs on Dove Tail Notch or Dovetail Bridle Joint or
Cross Joint
Forging Shop : Arc welding practice, Demonstration of forging a Octagonal Chisel, Sheet
metal funnel making
ME211 Engineering Drawing

Lettering, Numbering, Dimensioning. Plane Scales, Diagonal Scales & Venier Scales. Curves
– Parabola, Ellipse, Involutes. Projection of Points, Lines, Surfaces, Solids and Section of
solids. Orthographic and Isometric projection. Introduction to CAD tools – basics; Introduction
of Development and Intersection of surfaces.
SEMESTER – B3
B231P Radiometry and Photometry Lab

1. Verification of Inverse Square Law.

2. Measure the total luminous flux by Integrating Sphere and find out the voltage vs light
characteristic of a given lamp.
3. Find out the input-output characteristic curve (light vs current) of a given photo Cell.
4. Find out the input-output characteristic curve (light vs current) of a given LDR (Light
dependent resistance) with different loading condition.
5. Find out the input-output characteristic curve of a given PD (Photo diode) with different
loading condition.
6. Find out the electrical (forward voltage vs forward current), optical ( forward current vs
light output and angular intensity distribution) characteristics of a given LED (Light
Emitting Diode)

B232P Computer Applications

Matlab Programming
1. Basic matrix operation, matrix inversion/eigenvalues
2. Study of DFT & FFT
3. Graphics using MATLAB
4. Programming structures
5. Image acquisition
6. Image processing
7. Block diagramming

Labview Programming
1.Introduction to the LabVIEW Application Development Environment (Front Panels, Block
Diagrams, Tools palette)
2. Creating a Virtual Instrument in LabVIEW
3. Dataflow programming concepts
4. SubVIs and modular code creation
5. Data Acquisition in LabVIEW
6 Loops and Charts
7. Arrays and File I/O
8. Textual Math Integration with LabVIEW
9. Applications: temperature sensor, pressure sensor

SEMESTER – B4
B241P Electronics Circuits

1. Study of AC to DC Converter using Full Wave Rectifier with two different values of shunt
capacitor filters
2. Study of Shunt-Zener-stabilized DC Power supply Unit [PSU] using the same set up made
for Expt. No. 1.
3. Study of Op Amp used as a comparator
 4. Use of Schmitt Trigger for fabrication of rectangular waveform generator
5. Study of OpAmp used as inverting and non-inverting amplifiers
6. Modification of “Integrator + Schmitt Trigger based” waveform generator for Voltage to
Frequency Converter [VFC], generation of “Logic compatible Rectangular waveform”
generation, inclusion of available ‘Divide by N Counter ICs’ in the feedback loop for
achieving more features in VFC-characteristics.
7. Use of OpAmp as Difference Amplifier and use in Regulated Power Supply Units [RPSU]
using the same basic unregulated PSU setup used in Expt. No. 1
8. Use of Digital Counter ICs and Comparator for implementation of single slope Analog to
Digital Converter [ADC]
9. Use Quad Switch [CD4066], Resistor Ladder and OPAMP to implement Digital to Analog
Converter [DAC]
10. Use of CD4046 [Phase Locked Loop - PLL] for frequency multiplication

B242P Optics I Lab

1. Identification & Calibration of polarization components

2. Verification of Malus law
3. Production of polarized light by reflection and determination of Degree of polarization.
4. Verification of the actions of quarter wave plate and half wave plate
5. Use of a polarizer-quarter wave combination as a light valve
6. Verification of Fresnel’s laws for TE and TM polarized light
7. Measurement of Stokes parameters
8. Measurement of (a) Magnification (b) Numerical Aperture (NA) (c) Resolution of a
standard Microscope
9. Measurement of (a) spherical Aberration (b) Astigmatism (c) Wavefront Aberration using
Universal Optical Bench
10. Demonstration of Foucault’s Knife edge test and Ronchi test

SEMESTER – B5
B351P Microprocessor and Microcontroller

1. Implementation of Flip Flops, Shift register, frequency sampling

2. Single and multi-byte addition, logical instructions, block shifting
3. Largest and smallest number from a data array, different types of sorting (ex: bubble
sort, insertion sort)
4. Implementation of up-counter and down-counter with a suitable (say 1 sec) delay
subroutine.
5. Interfacing with DAC and monitoring the waveform through CRO.
6. Interfacing a display kit for implementation of a moving display with a suitable delay
subroutine.
7. Multi-byte addition, subtraction and multiplication using 8051 microcontroller
8. Interfacing with DAC and monitoring the waveform through CRO using 8051
microcontroller.
9. Design of a microcontroller based optical system

B352P Optics II Lab

1.Measurement of distance using Range Finder

2. Fringe projection method for surface profilometry
3. RI measurement using Abbe Refractometer
4. Measurement of wavelength using spectrometer
5. Twymann-Green Interferometer for lens, prism and parallel plate testing
4. Collimation testing by Shear plate method
B351S Computer Application based mini project & Seminar

An open ended laboratory where students are required to develop a mini project utilising
different computer applications with guidance from the faculty and must be related to the field
of optics and optoelectronics. The project must be presented in a form of a seminar

SEMESTER – B6
B361P Illumination Engineering Lab
 1. Study of lamp, luminaire and control gear
2. Complete indoor lighting design by Lumen method and Zonal Lumen method.
3. Handling of lighting design software and design of luminaries to achieve lower LPD
(Lighting Power Density).
4. Road lighting design using Lumen method and preparation of layout of specific road
lighting.
5. Survey one indoor lighting installation and prepare data sheet for Lighting Energy Audit.
6. Survey one road lighting installation and prepare data sheet for Lighting Energy Audit.
7. Survey one area lighting installation and prepare data sheet for Lighting Energy Audit.

B362P Optics III Lab

1. Measurement of Laser beam parameters

(a) Determination of the intensity profile and spot size by pinhole scanning method
(b) Determination of : location of beam waist, spot size at beam waist, Rayleigh range

2. Coherent optical processing

(a) Observation of Fourier plane distributions for different grating profiles
(b) Spatial filtering and Abbe Porter experiment
(c) Theta modulation and Fourier plane filtering
(d) Removal of periodic noise by Fourier plane filtering

3. Mode profile measurement (Using 3D beam profiler)

B363P Signal Processing Lab

1. Plotting of sequences
2. Study on data sequences
3. Study on noise corrupted signal
4. Study on sampling and aliasing
5. Study on autocorrelation and cross-correlation
6. Study on convolution
7. Study on frequency response, magnitude and phase of LTI system
8. Study on DFT & IDFT
9. Study on MA filter
10. Study on IIR filter
11. Study on stability of an LTI, IIR digital system
12. Study on different LPF & HPF in analog and digital domain

B364P Optical Simulation and Design Lab

1. Familiarization with Zemax - a) design without using database and b) design from
database
2. Using Zemax, design of the following
a) Singlet design
b) Broken contact doublet
c) Cemented doublet
d) Petzval from existing database
e) Cooke triplet from existing database

SEMESTER B7
B471P Communications Lab
1. Modulation

a) Frequency Modulation & Demodulation

b) PAM Modulation & Demodulation
c) PWM and PPM Modulation & Demodulation
d) ASK Modulation & Demodulation
e) FSK Modulation and Demodulation
f) PSK Modulation & Demodulation
g) Pulse Code Modulation & Demodulation
 2. Fiber Characterisation

a) Find out the NA of a fiber.

b) Find out the attenuation of a fiber.
c) Find out the bandwidth of a fiber.
d) Find out the micro bending loss.

3. Input & Output devices

a) Study of Characteristics of Laser Diode (LD)
b) Study of Characteristics of PIN diode
c) Study of Characteristics of APD

4. Multiplexing (Optional):
a) Time Division multiplexing & Demultiplexing Communication system:
b) Fiber optics Analog communication system
c) Fiber optics Digital communication system

B472P Thin Films coating and photolithography Lab

1. Cleaning of substrate
2. Study of rate of change of pressure in a chamber using different vacuum pumps.
3. Deposition of single/multi layered thin film by thermal evaporation system.
4. Design and making of mask of suitable structure.
5. Optical lithography to pattern the mask on the deposited thin film.
6. Dimension comparison of the patterned structure with the mask using optical microscope.

B473P Photonic Devices and Systems Lab

1. Characterisation of CCD/CMOS detectors

2. Study of Spatial Light Modulator
3. Study of Faraday effect
4. Study of Pockel effect
5. Study of Kerr effect
6. Study of typical Laser system