Numerical Examples 2

Q.1.
veh/hr

750 veh/hr
350
veh/hr

700 veh/hr

300
A 4-arm intersection will be designed as signalised. Since the traffic
 volumes at the approach arms are as given in the figure, calculate the
signal parameters.
(Saturation flow rate is 1850 veh/hr; the lost time is 4 sec for each
phase; traffic completely passenger car; right and left turns prohibited)
2
Q.1.
Solution: The phase diagram is as given below.

Phase 1
Phase 2
3
Q.1.
Solution: flow ratios v/s are calculated for each arm.
700 350 300 750
vv vv 0.38; 0.19; 0.16; 0.40

    == == ==
     = = ss ss
EN SW 1850 1850 1850 1850        

For Phase 1, the maximum (v/s) is 0.19.

= =+=
∑ ()
Lt 4 4 8sec 1
i ⋅+ +
L =
ci
LC
v
1.5 5 1.5*8 5
41sec
opt
=== −−

4

∑
i ci
1

1 0.59 n
1.0 = s
Q.1.
Solution: the green times for each phase:

v
     = ⋅− 

 s
  g CL
ci
in ()
v
∑ s
i ci
= 1
 0.59
gg 0.40
41 8 22sec
0.19 ()
41 8 10.6
= ⋅ −≅
2
11sec ( ) 0.59
= ⋅ −= ≅ 1

5
Q.2. 6
 Q.2.
The flow from the western arm is 1200 veh/h, 20 per cent of which is to the
left,10 per cent turn to the right.
The flow from the eastern arm is 1150 veh/h and 20% of it is to the left, 10
per cent turn to the right.
Vehicles from the western arm are 80 per cent automobiles and 20 per cent
heavy vehicles.
In the eastern arm, 75 per cent of the arrivals are automobiles and 25 per
cent are heavy vehicles.
One heavy vehicle is equal to three automobiles.
Saturation flow rates are
1800 pcu/h for through movements
1400 pcu/h for through and turning movements 1400 pcu/h
for turning movements.
The lost time is 3 seconds for each phase.
Please design this intersection as signalised intersection.

7
Q.2.
Solution:
vv = ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ =
 1200 0.8 1 1200 0.2 3 Phase 1 Phase 2
1680 pcu h W
= ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ =
1150 0.75 1 1150 0.25 3
1725pcu h E

8
Q.2. 1680 0.8 1344
v
Solution:
pcu h = ⋅=
v
W
TR 1680 0.2 336
v W pcu h = ⋅=
L

= ⋅=
E
1725 0.8 h = ⋅=
v
TR 1380 pcu
1725 0.2 1344
345pcu h
For Phase 1
W
L

v
0.420


==+
sv 1400 0.431
W
TR 1380
1800

==+
s v ETR 18001400

 0.431


=s
 ci
9
Q.2.
Solution:
For Phase
2
v
336
0.240

==
s 1400 0.246
v
345
W
L


==
s v 140
 E 0
L

 =s

 0.246

ci
v
Yn

 = =+=  
∑
c i
ci n 0.431 0.246
= s 0.677
1

= =+=
∑( )
Lt L 3 3 6sec
ci
i = 1
10
Q.2.
Solution: 1.5 5 1.5*6 5
43sec
⋅+ +
LC
v
opt
=== −−
 v
      = ⋅−
∑
1 0.677 n 
1.0 = s 
i ci s
1 g CL
ci
in ()
v
∑ s
i ci
= 1
 0.677
gg 0.246
43 6
0.431
43 6 13sec ( )

24sec ( ) = ⋅ −≅
2

= ⋅ −≅ 0.677
1

11
Q.3. An intersection approach has an approach flow rate of 1000 vph, a
saturation flow rate of 2800 vph, a cycle length of 90 s, and effective green
ratio of 0.55 for the approach. What average uniform delay per vehicle is
expected under these conditions?
Solution:
First, the capacity and v/c ratio for the intersection approach must be
computed. Given, s=2800 vphg and g/C=0.55. Hence,
 gcs
C
=⋅ = ⋅ =
2800 0.55 1540 vph
0.65
vc ==
1000 1540
2

g
 − −   =⋅ = ⋅ =   −−
      
12
()
C UD 1 0.55
C v 90 14.2sec veh
1000 1 1
22 2800 s

12