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SQL Basics Advanced Examples v2

This document summarizes SQL concepts and practical examples, covering basic queries, aggregation functions, joins, subqueries, and advanced techniques. Key topics include filtering data, sorting, and using complex queries. It provides specific SQL examples for each topic to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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Badis Nar.shipoden
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2 views

SQL Basics Advanced Examples v2

This document summarizes SQL concepts and practical examples, covering basic queries, aggregation functions, joins, subqueries, and advanced techniques. Key topics include filtering data, sorting, and using complex queries. It provides specific SQL examples for each topic to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

Badis Nar.shipoden
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Basics and Advanced Examples

This document provides a summary of SQL concepts, rules, and practical examples

that we've covered over the last two days. It includes basic SQL queries,

aggregation functions, joins, subqueries, and much more.

We also provide examples and explanations for different SQL scenarios and queries.

Key Topics Covered:

1. Basic SQL Queries

2. Aggregate Functions

3. Joins

4. Subqueries

5. Sorting and Filtering Data

6. Advanced SQL Techniques

1. Basic SQL Queries

Examples:

- Select all data from a table:

SELECT * FROM employees;

- Select specific columns:

SELECT employee_id, name FROM employees;

- Use WHERE clause for filtering:


SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;

2. Aggregate Functions

Examples:

- Calculate the sum of salaries in each department:

SELECT department_id, SUM(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

- Find the average salary:

SELECT department_id, AVG(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

- Count the number of employees in each department:

SELECT department_id, COUNT(employee_id) FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

3. Joins

Examples:

- Inner Join between two tables (employees and departments):

SELECT employee_id, name, department_name

FROM employees

INNER JOIN departments ON employees.department_id = departments.department_id;

- Left Join:

SELECT employee_id, name, department_name

FROM employees

LEFT JOIN departments ON employees.department_id = departments.department_id;

4. Subqueries
Examples:

- Subquery to find employees earning above average salary:

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > (SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees);

- Subquery to find employees with the highest salary in each department:

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary = (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees

WHERE department_id = employees.department_id);

5. Sorting and Filtering Data

Examples:

- Order employees by salary in descending order:

SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC;

- Use LIMIT to get top N results:

SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC LIMIT 3;

- Use OFFSET to skip a number of results:

SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC OFFSET 2 LIMIT 3;

6. Advanced SQL Techniques

Examples:

- Using HAVING clause with GROUP BY:

SELECT department_id, COUNT(employee_id) AS emp_count

FROM employees

GROUP BY department_id

HAVING COUNT(employee_id) > 50;


- Using complex subqueries to filter data:

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees

WHERE department_id = employees.department_id);

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