DPP/ CP12 S-53

DAILY PRACTICE PHYSICS

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS DPP/CP12
1. (d) Molar mass of the gas = 4g/mol
3RT 3KT
Speed of any quantity x Vrms = =
M m
gRT g ´ 3.3 ´ 273
V= Þ 952 = Where M and m are mol. wt and mass of gas
m 4 ´ 10-3 respectively
16 8
Þ g = 1.6 = =
10 5 3 ´1.38 ´10 - 23 ´ 273
CP 8 Vrms =
Also, g = C = 5 5 ´10 -17
V
8´ 5 = 1 .5 ´ 10 -2 m / s = 1.5 cm/s
So, CP = = 8JK–1mol–1
5 5 3
2. (d) Since vrms is doubled by increasing the temp. so by 6. (d) C p = R and Cv = R
2 2
⧤ We know that Qv = nCvDT and Qp = nCpDT
vrms = , the temp. increase by four times.
m Qv 3
Þ Q =5.
V1 V2 p
Now for constant pressure =
T1 T2 Given Qp = 207 J Þ Qv @ 124 J
V1=V, T1=TºK, T2 = 4TºK, V2= ? 7. (c) On giving same amount of heat at constant pressure,
there is change in temperature for mono, dia and
V2 = 4V polyatomic gas.
n1Cv1 + n2Cv2 æ No. of molecules ö
3. (a) For mixture of gas, Cv = ( DQ) P = mCp DT ç m = ÷
n1 + n2 è Avogadro 's no. ø
3 1 5 5
4 ´ R + ´ R 6R + R 1
= 2 2 2 = 4 = 29 R ´ 2 = 29 R or DT µ
9´4 no. of molecules
æ 1ö 9 18
çè 4 + ÷ø 2
2 R
8. (a) C = Cv mix + .....(1)
5R 1 7 R 1- n
n1C p1 + n2 C p2 4´ + ´
and C p = = 2 2 2 n1C v1 + n 2 C v2
(n1 + n2 ) æ 1ö Now, Cvmix =
n1 + n 2
çè 4 + ÷ø
2
3R 5R
7 1´ +2´
10 R + R 2 2 = 13R
4 = 47 R =
= 1+ 2 6
9 18
2 13R R 1
From (1), 3R = + Þn=-
Cp 47 R 18 6 1- n 5
Þ
\ = ´ = 1.62
Cv 18 29 R 1 1
9. (a) P = r u 2 = ´ (6 ´ 10 - 2 ) ´ (500) 2
P1 V1 P2 V2 3 3
4. (b) = Here, P1 = 200kPa
T1 T2
= 5 ´ 10 3 N / m 2
T1 = 22°C = 295 K, T2 = 42°C = 315K
2 3kT
V2 = V1 + V1 = 1.02V1 10. (d) v rms = ................ (1)
100 m
200 ´ 315V1 3k ´ 3T
\ P2 = = 209.37kPa v 'rms = ................. (2)
295 ´1.02V1 m
5. (c) By kinetic theory of gases, Equ. (2) is dividing by equ. (1)
rms (root mean square) velocity of gas
 EBD_7156
S-54 DPP/ CP12
2
v 'rms
=
3k.3T.m
= 3
1 æ1ö 1
K.E. = ´ 32 ´ ç ÷ = ´ 2 ´ v2
v rms m.3kT 2 è2ø 2
RMS velocity of hydrogen molecules = 2 km/sec.
v'rms = 3v rms 18. (a) Let T be the temperature of the mixture, then
1 U = U1 + U2
11. (a) t= f
æ N ö 3RT Þ (n1 + n 2 ) RT
2pd2 ç ÷ 2
èVø M
f f
tµ
V = (n1 ) (R) (T0 ) + (n 2 ) (R) (2T0 )
2 2
T
Þ (2 + 4)T = 2T0 + 8T0 (Q n1 = 2, n2 = 4)
As, TVg–1 = K 5
So, t µ Vg + 1/2 \ T = T0
3
g +1 19. (b) Coefficient of volume expansion at constant pressure
Therefore, q =
2
1
mass 1 is for all gases. The average transnational K.E. is
= m3 273
12. (a) Volume =
density 4 same for molecules of all gases and for each molecules
5 5 1 3
K.E = PV = ´ 8 ´ 104 ´ = 5 ´ 104 J it is kT
2 2 4 2
13. (c) As no heat is lost, kT
Loss of kinetic energy = gain of internal energy of gas Mean free path l = (as P decreases, l
2 pd 2 P
1 2 1 2 m R
mv = nCV DT Þ mv = × DT increases)
2 2 M g –1
20. (c) For a given pressure, volume will be more if tempera-
Mv 2 ( g –1) ture is more (Charle's law)
Þ DT = K
2R P
14. (b) From graph, T2V = const. .....(1)
As we know that TVg–1 = const
Constant
1 pressure
Þ VT g-1
= const. ....(2) T1
V
On comparing (1) and (2), we get V1 V2
Þ g = 3/2
From the graph it is clear that V2 > V1 Þ T2 > T1
3P Pg
Also v rms = and vsound = c
4


2 400
r r 21. (a) = = Þ c2 = ´ 200 = ms -1
c҈ 

 3 3

Þ
v rms
=
3
= 2 PV æ mö PV æ R ö
22. (c) = nR = ç ÷ R or =ç ÷ m
vsound g T è Mø T è Mø
nRDT 1000 ´ 8.3 ´ 7 PV
15. (a) W= Þ -146000 = i.e., versus m graph is straight line passing
1- g 1- g T
through origin with slope R/M, i.e. the slope depends
58.1 58.1 on molecular mass of the gas M and is different for
or 1 - g = - Þ g = 1+ = 1.4 different gases.
146 146
Hence the gas is diatomic. 2 1
23. (d) Molecule number ratio is H 2 : O 2 = : .
3RT 3 3
16. (a) Crms =
M

æ
ö + ҈ æ ҈ö
M is molecular wt. That gives crms 㡰 = ҈
times the
è ø è ø
3R(273 + 47) 3RT
= = value for O2.
16 2
24. (a) According to Vander Waal's equation
Þ T = 40 K.
17. (a) When temperature is same according to kinetic theory nRT an 2
P= - 2
of gases, kinetic energy of molecules will be same. V - nb V
DPP/ CP12 S-55
Work done,
V2 V2 V 2 31. (a)
dV dV
W= ò PdV = nRT ò
V - nb
- an2 ò 2
V n1
V1 V1 V 1 32. (a) Number of moles of first gas = N
A
V
é1ù 2
= nRT [ loge (V - nb)]V2 + an2 ê ú
V n2
Number of moles of second gas = N
1 ëV ûV1 A
n3
æ V - nb ö 2 éV1 - V2 ù Number of moles of third gas = N
= nRT loge ç 2 ÷ + an ê ú A
è V1 - nb ø ë V1V2 û If there is no loss of energy then
25. (a) From PV = nRT P1V1 + P2V2 + P3V3 = PV
rA M A r M n1 n n n + n + n3
RT1 + 2 RT2 + 3 RT3 = 1 2
PA = and PB = B B NA NA NA NA
RTmix
RT RT
From question, n1T1 + n2T2 + n3T3
PA rA M A M 3 Þ Tmix = n1 + n2 + n3
= =2 A =
PB rB M B MB 2 33. (d) Since it hits the plane wall parallel to y z – plane and
it rebounds with same velocity, its y and z components
MA 3
So, M = 4 of velocity do not change, but the x-component
B reverses the sign.
\ Velocity after collision is (–vx, vy and vz).
m1C p1 + m 2C p2
26. (b) (C p )mix = The change in momentum is
m1 + m 2 – mvx – mvx = – 2mvx
5 7 34. (c) V and T will be same for both gases.
(C p1 ( He) = R and C p2 ( H 2 ) = R)
2 2 P1V = m1RT and P2V = m2RT
5 7 æm ö 5
1´ R + 1´ R (P1/P2) =
5
\ ç 1÷=
(Cp)mix = =
2 2 3R = 3 × 2 = 6 cal/mol.°C
1 +1
3 è m2 ø 3
\ Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature from By definition, m1 =
N1
and m2 =
N2
0°C to 100°C NA NA
(DQ ) p = mC p DT = 2 ´ 6 ´100 = 1200 cal N1 m1 5
\ = =
27. (a) 1 mole = 22.4 L at S.T.P. N 2 m2 3
4.5g 4.5 3 3
= 22.4 ´ = 5.6 L 35. (d) E= ´ 300 ; E ' = R(600) = 2E = 2 × 6.21 × 10–21
18g 18 2 2
28. (d) Internal energy of 2 moles of oxygen = 12.42 × 10–21 J.
æ5 ö 5 3R ´ 300 3R ´ 600
Uo 2 = µ ç RT÷ = 2. RT = 5RT vrms = ; v 'rms = = 2 vrms
è2 ø M M
2
= 684.44 m/s
Internal energy of 4 moles of Argon. 36. (d) Let the mass of the gas be m.
æ3 ö 3 At a fixed temperature and pressure, volume is fixed.
U Ar = µ ç RT÷ = 4. RT = 6RT
è2 ø 2 m
Density of the gas, r =
\ Total internal energy V
U = U O2 + U Ar = 11RT r m m
Now = =
m P PV nRT
29. (d) PV = RT m
M Þ = x (By question)
6 nRT
R ´ 500
Initially, PV = Þ xT = constant Þ x1T1 = x2T2
M
P (6 - x) é\ ù
Finally, V = R ´ 300 (if x g gas leaks out) 283 ê
x ê T1 = 283K úú
x1T1
2 M Þ x2 Þ =
6 5 T2 383
Hence, 2 = ´ \ x = 1 gram êëT2 = 383K úû
6-x 3
dU d éM N ù é -6M 12N ù
F= =- ê - = -ê +
dr ë r 3 R12 úû ú
2 2 f 1 2 37. (b)
30. (b) g = 1 + , Þ g –1 = Þ = Þ f = dr ë r2 r13 û
f f 2 g –1 g –1
 EBD_7156
S-56 DPP/ CP12
In equilibrium position, F = 0
For N molecule of a gas, V1= 3KT ´ N
6M 12N 2N
\ 2 - 13 = 0 or, r =
6 m
r r M 3KT ´ 2N
\ Potential energy at equilibrium position For 2N molecule of a gas V2 =
(2m)
M N M2 M2 M2 V1
U= = = - = \ =1
(2N / M) (2N / M) 2 2N 4N 4N V2
38. (a) Pressure of the gas will not be affected by motion of 43. (c)
the system, hence by 44. (c) P-V diagram of the gas is a straight line passing
through origin. Hence P µ V or PV–1 = constant
3P 3P 1
vrms = Þ c2 = Þ P = rc 2 Molar heat capacity in the process PVx = constant
r r 3
R R
39. (b) Mean free path in a gas is 100 times the interatomic C= + ; Here g = 1.4 (For diatomic gas)
g -1 1 - x
distance.
R R
1/ 2
é (2) 2 + (3) 2 + (4) 2 + (5) 2 ù é 54 ù ÞC= + Þ C = 3R
= ê ú 1.4 - 1 1 + 1
40. (a) vrms = ê ú
êë 4 úû ë 4û 45. (c) Given
41. (c) If a gas is heated at constant volume then no work is CP - CV = 5000 J / mole °C .......(i)
done. The heat supplied is given by CP
= 1.6 .......(ii)
dQ = nCv dT CV
f From Equation (i) & (ii),
But Cv = R where f is the degree of freedom of the
CP CV 5000
2 Þ - =
gas CV CV CV
nfRdT
\ dQ = 5000
2 Þ 1.6 - 1 =
CV
2 ´ 3 ´ R ´ (373 - 273)
= = 300 R 5000
2 Þ CV = = 8.33 ´103
3KT 0.6
42. (b) For 1 molecule of a gas, Vrms = Hence CP = 1.6 CV = 1.6 × 8.33 × 103
m
where m is the mass of one molecule CP = 1.33 × 104