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Dual Nature - Graph Based Question

Date: Mar 10, 2025 Time: __mins/hrs Total Marks: 33 X 1 = 33

Topics covered
Physics
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter - Photoelectric Effect, Particle Nature of Light, Wave Nature of Matter ,

(3)
Subject : Physics No. of Questions : 33

1. The graph between log E and log λ will be ( E - energy of

photon and λ - wavelength of an electron)
(1)

(4)

(2)
3. The figure shows the plot of the stopping potential
versus the frequency of the light used in an experiment
on photoelectric effect. The ratio h/e is

(3)

(1) 10
−15
Vs

(2) 2 × 10
−15
Vs

(4) (3) 3 × 10
−15
Vs

(4) 4.14 × 10
−15
Vs

4. For the photoelectric effect, the maximum kinetic

energy E of the emitted photoelectrons is plotted
k

against the frequency v of the incident photons as

shown in the figure. The slope of the curve gives

2. For a photoelectric cell the graph showing the variation

of cutoff voltage (V ) with frequency (v) of incident light
S

is best represented by
(1)
(1) Charge of the electron
(2) Work function of the metal
(3) Planck's constant
(4) Ratio of the Planck's constant to electronic charge

(2)

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5. In an experiment on photoelectric effect, a student plots 8. In an experiment to study photo-electric effect the
stopping potential V against reciprocal of the
o observed variation of stopping potential with frequency
wavelength λ of the incident light of two different metals of incident radiation is as shown in the figure. The slope
A and B. These are shown in the figure. and y-intercept are respectively

Looking at the graphs, you can most appropriately say

that:
(1) Work function of metal B is greater than that of metal A
(2) For light of certain wavelength falling on both metal, hv h
maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted from A will be (1) ,−
e e
greater than those emitted from B
(2) hv, −hv0
(3) Work function of metal A is greater than that of metal B
h hv0
(4) Student data is not correct (3) ,−
e e

6. Which one of the following graphs represents the (4)

hv
, v0
variation of maximum kinetic energy (E ) of the emitted
k
e

electrons with frequency v in photoelectric effect

9. The correct curve between the stopping potential (V o)
correctly?
and intensity of incident light (I ) is
(1)
(1)

(2)
(2)

(3)

(3)

(4)

(4)

10. The correct graph between the maximum energy of a

photoelectron and the inverse of wavelength of the
incident radiation is given by the curve

7. The stopping potential V for photoelectric emission

s

from a metal surface is plotted along Y -axis and

frequency v of incident light along X-axis. A straight line
is obtained as shown. Planck's constant is given by

(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) None of the above

(1) Slope of the line

(2) Product of slope on the line and charge on the electron
(3) Product of intercept along Y -axis and mass of the
electron
(4) Product of slope and mass of electron
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11. Photoelectric effect experiments are performed using (3)
three different metal plates p, q and r having work
functions ϕ = 2.0 eV , ϕ = 2.5 eV and ϕ = 3.0 eV ,
p q r

respectively. A light beam containing wavelengths of

550 nm, 450 nm and 350 nm with equal intensities

illuminates each of the plates. The correct i − V graph

for the experiment is
[Take hc = 1240 eV nm ] (4)
(1)

14. For two different metals a graph is drawn between

(2) stopping potential and frequency predict the correct
option.

(3)

(1) N a and Al both have the same threshold frequency

(2) Maximum kinetic energy for both the metals depend
linearly on the frequency
(4)
(3) The stopping potentials are same for N a and Al
(4) Al is a better photo sensitive material than N a
15. Which of the following figure represent the variation of
particle momentum (P ) and associated de-Brogle
wavelength (λ) ?
(1)
12. The value of stopping potential in the following
diagram

(2)

(1) −8 V
(3)
(2) −6 V

(3) −4 V

(4) −2 V

13. The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed. The

wavelength λ of the light falling on the cathode is
gradually changed. The plate current i of the photocell (4)
varies as follows:
(1)

16. In the following diagram if V 2 > V1 then (for same photo

metal)

(2)

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(1) Greater than that of B

(2) Smaller than that of B
(3) Same as that of B
(4) No comparision can be done from given graphs
(1) λ1 = √λ2
20. In a photoelectric emission, electrons are ejected from
(2) λ1 < λ2
metals Xand Y by light of frequency v. The potential
(3) λ1 = λ2 difference V required to stop the electrons is
(4) λ1 > λ2 measured for various frequencies. If Y has a greater
work function than X, which graph illustrates the
17. The variation of photocurrent with collector potential expected results?
for different frequencies of incident radiation. v , v and
1 2

v is as shown in the graph, then

(1)
3

(2)

(1) v1 = v2 = v3

(2) v1 > v2 > v3

(3)
(3) v1 < v2 < v3

v1 + v2
(4) v3 =
2

18. The curve between photoelectric current (i) and

frequency (v) is
(4)
(1)

21. From the following graph of photo current aganist

(2) collector plate potential, for two different intensities of
light I and I one can conclude
1 2

(3)

(1) I = I
1 2

(2) I > I
1 2

(4) (3) I < I

1 2

(4) comparsion is not possible

22. The graph of stopping potential v against frequency v

s 0

of incident radiation is plotted for two different metals

P and Q as shown in the graph. ϕ and ϕ
p Q are work -
functions of P and Q respectively, then
19. The stopping potential as a function of frequency of
incident radiation is plotted for two different photo
electric surfaces A and B. The graphs show the work
function of A is
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(2)

(3)
(1) ϕP > ϕQ

(2) ϕP < ϕQ

(3) ϕP = ϕQ

(4) v′ < v0
0

23. A point source causes photoelectric effect from a (4)

small metal plate. Which of the curves in figure may
represent the saturation of photo-current as a function
of the distance between the source and the metal?

26. The following graph represents the variation of

photocurrent with anode potential for a metal surface.
Here I , I and I represents intensities and γ , γ and
1 2 3 1 2

γ represent frequency for curves 1, 2 and 3

3

(1) A respectively then

(2) B

(3) C

(4) D

24. Which figure shows the correct variation of applied

potential difference (V ) with photoelectric current (i) at
two different intensities of light (I < I ) of same
1 2

wavelengths? (1) γ1 = γ2 and I 1 = I2

(2) γ2 = γ3 and I = I3
(1) 1

(3) γ1 = γ2 and I 1 ≠ I2

(4) γ1 = γ3 and I 1 = I3

27. The curve between current (i) and potential difference

(V ) for a photo cell will be

(2) (1)

(3)
(2)

(4)

(3)

25. For a given photosensitive material and frequency ( >

threshold frequency) of incident radiation, the
photoelectric current varies with the intensity of
incident light as (4)
(1)

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28. A point source causes photoelectric effect from a (1)
small metal plate. Which of the following curves may
reperesent the saturation photo current as a function
of the distance between the source and the metal?
(1)

(2)

(2)

(3)

(3)

(4)

(4)

32. 1
The graph which shows the variation of ( ) and its
2
λ
29. The graph between the energy log E of an electron and kinetic energy, E is (where λ is de Broglie wavelength
its de - Broglie wavelength log λ will be of a free particle):
(1) (1)

(2) (2)

(3)
(3)

(4) (4)

30. According to Einstein's photoelectric equation, the 33. The variation of stopping potential (V ) as a function of
0

plot of the kinetic energy of the emitted photo the frequency (v) of the incident light for a metal is
electrons from a metal versus the frequency, of the shown in figure. The work function of the surface is
incident radiation gives a straight line whose slope
(1) Is the same for all metals and independent of the
intensity of the radiation
(2) Depends on the intensity of the radiation
(3) Depends both on the intensity of the radiation and the
metal used
(4) Depends on the nature of the metals used
31. The graph which shows the variation of the de Broglie
wavelength (λ) of a particle and its associated
momentum (p) is
(1) 18.6 eV

(2) 2.07 eV
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(3) 2.98 eV (4) 1.36 eV

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Dual Nature - Graph Based Question

Answer Key
Physics

1) 3 2) 4 3) 4 4) 3 5) 3 6) 4 7) 2 8) 3 9) 2 10) 1

11) 1 12) 1 13) 1 14) 2 15) 4 16) 4 17) 3 18) 4 19) 2 20) 1

21) 3 22) 2 23) 4 24) 3 25) 1 26) 3 27) 4 28) 4 29) 3 30) 1

31) 3 32) 4 33) 2

1
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Hint And Solutions
10. hc
1. 1 (1) Kmax = hv − ϕ = − ϕ i.e., graph between K
(3) Kinetic energy E = mv
2
λ
max

2
1
P
2
h
2
C and will be straight line having slope (hc) and intercept
E = = = λ
2m 2mλ2 λ2
ϕon -KE axis.
log E = log C − 2 log λ
So option (1) is correct.
1 1
log λ = log C − log E
11. 1240
2 2 (1) Eλ1 −550 mm = eV = 2.25eV
The correct graph is (3). 550
1240
Eλ = eV = 2.8eV
2. (4) According to Einstein's equation 2
−450 nm
450
hv = ϕ + Kmax 1240
Eλ −350 nm = eV = 3.5eV
3
h ϕ 350
⇒ VS = ( )v −
e e For metal r; λ is able to generate photoelectrons
3

This is the equation of straight line having positive slope ( For metal q; λ and λ are able to generate photoelectrons.
2 3

ϕ For metal p; all wavelengths are able to generate

h/e ) and intercept on −V axis, equal to S . The correct photoelectrons.
e

graph is (4). Hence photoelectric current will be maximum for p and

least for r.
3. (4) eVs = hv − ϕo

h ϕo 12. (1) Stopping potential is the potential where the current is

Vs =
e
v −
e
zero.
h 1.656 ∴ −8v
Now, = slope =
e
13. (1) On increasing wavelength of light the photoelectric
14
4 × 10
−14
= 0.414 × 10 Vs current decreases and at a certain wavelength (cut off)
= 4.14 × 10
−15
Vs above which photoelectric current stops.
4. (3) Comparing Einstein's equation K max = hv − ϕ , with 14. (2) Stopping potential equals to maximum kinetic energy.
y = mx + c, we get slope, m = h Since stopping potential is varying linearly with the
frequency, therefore max. KE for both the metals also
5. hc hc ϕ
vary linearly with frequency. As x and y intercepts are
(3) − ϕ = eV0 ⇒ V0 = −
λ eλ e different then threshold frequency, work function and
|ϕA | > |ϕB | stopping potentials are different for both the metals.
6. (4) According to the equation of photoelectricity, 15. h 1

E = hv − hv ,
(4) de-brogle wavelength, λ = or λ ∝
k 0 p p

where v = threshold frequency. The above relationship is

0 Hence curve (4) is the correct option.
valid for v ≥ hv . For v < v , E = 0.0 0 k

Hence (4) correctly represents the relationship between E k

16. (4) Self Explanatory
and v. 17. (3) As eV = K s = hv − ϕ max (1) 0

7. (2) Kmax = hv − ϕ
Saturation current is same. It means each source of
h ϕ
radiation has same intensity. But corresponding stopping
⇒ eVS = hv − ϕ ⇒ VS =
e
v −
e
potential is different so they have different frequencies.
Comparing this equation with y = mx + c, we get slope So, from eqn. (1) and given graph we conclude that
v1 < v2 < v3 (∵ |V01 | < |V02 | < |V03 |)
h
m = ⇒ h = m × e .
e 18. (4) For a minimum frequency called threshold frequency
8. (3) By Einstein's photo electric equation: the photoelectrons are emitted from the surface. If we
eV0 = hυ − hυ0
increase the frequency the current increases and it
h h reaches a saturation value.
⇒ V0 = υ − υ0
e e
19. (2)
⇒ Graph between υ and V is straight line shown. 0

Since β is greater, work function of B will be greater.

h
Its slope= ,
e 20. (1) eVS = hv − ϕ

−hυ0 hv ϕ
Its y − intercept = VS = ( ) − ( )
e e e
Correct option is (3). ϕy > ϕx

9. (2) Stopping potential depends on frequency and it doesn't The y-intercept for the metal-Y is more than for metal- X
depend on intensity. The correct graph is (2). So option (1) is correct.
21. (3) For a given frequency of incident radiation, light of
higher intensity produces larger value of current. Hence
I > I .
2 1
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22. (2) The work - function of a surface is 1 h
⇒ log λ = − log EK + log
ϕ = hv0 2 √2m
where, h = planck's constant Comparing the above equation with the equation of
and v = threshold frequency
0 straight line. i.e.
From graph it is clear that y = mx + c.
(v0 )P < (v0 )Q
Here, E = E K

∴ ϕP < ϕQ We can conclude that, log λ varies linearly with log E, with
slope (−1/2 ). It is correctly shown in graph (3).
23. (4) Saturation current is inversely proportional to the
square of distance of cathode from point source. 30. (1) hv = hv + KE ⇒ KE o = hv − hv max max o

On comparing this equation with y = mx + c we get

24. (3) Intensity, I < I
m = h = Universal constant.
1 2

As the light has same wavelength, so stopping potential is

So the slope does not depend on anything.
same.
Saturation current i ∝ I 31. h
(3) λ =
∴ saturation current corresponding to I will be greater 2 p

than that for I . 1 Graph will be hyperbolic

So, correct option is (3).
25. (1) For a given photosensitive material and with a source
of constant frequency v (v > v ) of incident radiation, the
0

photo current increases with increases in intensity of

incident light.
⇒ I αi

⇒ Graph as in (1)
26. (3) For 1 and 2, the stopping potentials are the same.
Hence frequencies of incident radiation are also same. Note: If it is to be linear, it is to be of y = mx type
∴ γ1 = γ2
or y = mx + c type
But for 1 and 2, saturation photocurrents are different and Here y = λ, x = p
hence the corresponding intensities are also different. 1
∴ I1 ≠ I2 But we have λ ∝
p

27. (4) In photocell, as the potential difference between ⇒ Curved as in (3)

cathode and anode increases current through the circuit
32. (4) de-Broglie wavelength
increases but after some time constant current (saturation h h h 1
current) flows through the circuit even if potential λ = = = where E = mv
2

P mv 2
difference still increases. At a particular negative potential √2mE

(stopping potential V ) of anode, photoelectric current is

o
Squaring both sides,
2
zero. λ
2
=
h
⇒
1
= ( constant )E
2mE λ2
28. 1
Graph passes through origin with constant slope. Correct
(4) With distance intensity will fall as 2
.
r option is (4).
1
Current ∝ Intensity ∝ .
r2 33. (2) From the graph it is evident that threshold frequency
So, Correct option is (4). v = 5 × 10 H z.
4
0

∴ ϕ = hv0
29. (3) As we know that, wavelength of a particle −34 14 −20
= 6.6 × 10 × 5 × 10 = 33 × 10 J
h h 1
−20
λ = = ⋅ 33 × 10
√2mEK √2m √EK ϕ = = 2.07eV
−19
1.6 × 10
h 1
⇒ log λ = log( ⋅ )
√2m √EK

h 1
⇒ log λ = log + log
1/2
√2m E
K

h 1
⇒ log λ = log( ) − log EK
√2m 2