Atomic Structure
Atomic Structure
c
1. Frequency, =
hc
2. Energy/photon, E = h =
12375
Also, E = eV, if is in Å
3. Electronic energy change during transition, E = En2 En1
n2 > n1, emission spectra if electron jumps from n2 to n1 shell and absorption spectra if electron
excites from n1 to n2 shell.
n 2h 2
4. Radius of nth Bohr orbit of H atom, rn = (where K = 9 × 109)
4 me K
2 2
n2
r1 for H = 0.529 Å ; rn for H like atom rn = 0.529 × Å
Z
2KZe2
5. Velocity of electron in nth Bohr orbit of H atom, v =
nh
Z
v = 2.18 × 108 cm / sec.
n
22 mZ2e4 K 2
6. Energy of electron in nth Bohr orbit of H atom, E =
n 2h 2
where n = 1, 2, 3..........
Z2
[E = –13.6 × 2 kcal/mole (1 cal = 4.18 J)]
n
E1 for H = – 21.72 × 10–12 erg = – 13.6 eV, E1 for H like atom = E1 for H × Z2
1 2
8. Photoelectric effect hv = w + mu or hv = I.E. + K.E.
2
1
12. Total spin = n ; where n is number of unpaired electrons.
2
13. Magnetic moment of an atom n(n 2) B.M.; where n is number of unpaired electrons.
h h2
15. de Broglie equation : l = =
mu 2 K.E. m
where is wavelength, m is mass and u is velocity of particle.
1 .
h
4. The orbital angular momentum for an electron revolving in an orbit is given by .
2
This momentum for an s-electron will be given by [AIEEE-2003]
h 1 2 h
(1) 2. (2) + . (3) zero (4)
2 2 2 2
2+
5. The number of d-electrons retained in Fe (At. number of Fe = 26) ion is : [AIEEE-2003]
(1) 6 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5
6. The de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball of mass 60 g moving with a velocity of 10 meters
per second is approximately : [AIEEE 2003]
–25 –33 –31 –16
(1) 10 meters (2) 10 meters (3) 10 meters (4) 10 meters
7. In Balmer series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to
which one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of
hydrogen ? [AIEEE-2003]
(1) 2 5 (2) 3 2 (3) 5 2 (4) 4 1
8. Which of the following sets of quantum number is correct for an electron in 4f orbital ?
[AIEEE-2004]
1 1
(1) n = 3, l = 2, m = – 2, s = + (2) n = 4, l = 4, m = – 4, s = –
2 2
1 1
(3) n = 4, l = 3, m = + 1, s = + (4) n = 4, l = 3, m = + 4, s = +
2 2
9. The wavelength of the radiation emitted, when in a hydrogen atom electron falls from infinity
to stationary state 1, would be (Rydberg constant = 1.097× 107 m–1) : [AIEEE-2004]
(1) 9.1 × 10–8 nm (2) 192 nm (3) 406 nm (4) 91 nm
25. For which of the following particles will it be most difficult to experimentally verify the de-
Broglie relationship? [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
(1) a dust particle (2) an electron (3) a proton (4) an a-particle
26. If the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV, the energy required to
remove the electron from the first excited state of Li++ is : [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
(1) 13.6 eV (2) 30.6 eV (3) 122.4 eV (4) 3.4 eV
27. Based on the equation [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
1 1
E = –2.0 × 10–18 J 2
2
2 n1
n
the wavelength of the light that must be absorbed to excite hydrogen electron from level n = 1
to level n = 2 will be (h = 6.625 × 10–34 Js, C = 3 × 108 ms–1)
(1) 2.650 × 10–7 m (2) 1.325 × 10–7 m (3) 1.325 × 10–10 m (4) 5.300 × 10–10 m
28. If 0 and be the threshold wavelength and wavelength of incident light, the velocity of
photoelectron ejected from the metal surface is [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
2hc 0 2h 1 1 2h 2hc
(1) (2) (3) 0 (4) 0
m 0 m 0 m m
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
36. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. The energy of second excited state He+
ion in eV is : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(1) –54.4 (2) –6.04 (3) –3.4 (4) –27. 2
37. Heat treatment of muscular pain involves radiation of wavelength of about 900 nm. Which
spectral line of H-atom is suitable for this purpose ? [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
5 –1 –34 8 –1
[RH = 1 × 10 cm , h = 6.6 × 10 Js, c = 3 × 10 ms ]
(1) Paschen, 5 3 (2) Balmer, 2 (3) Lyman, 1 (4) Paschen, 3
38. The de Broglie wavelength () associated with a photoelectron varies with the frequency (v) of
the incident radiation as, [v0 is threshold frequency] : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1 1
(v – v0 ) 3
(v – v0 ) 2
(v – v0 ) 4
(v – v0 ) 2
39. What is the work function of the metal if the light of wavelength 4000 Å generates
photoelectrons of velocity 6 × 105 ms–1 form it ?
(Mass of electron = 9 × 10–31 kg
Velocity of light = 3 × 108 ms–1
Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10–34 Js
Charge of electron = 1.6 × 10–19 JeV–1) [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(1) 2.1 eV (2) 3.1 eV (3) 0.9 eV (4) 4.0 eV
40. If the de Broglie wavelength of the electron in nth Bohr orbit in a hydrogenic atom is equal to
1.5 a0(a0 is Bohr radius), then the value of n/z is : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(1) 0.40 (2) 0.75 (3) 1.0 (4) 1.50
in maximum and minimum frequencies in cm–1. The ratio Lyman / Balmer is:
(D) two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classical analogue
2. Rutherford‟s experiment , which established the nuclear model of atom, used a beam of :–
(A) - particles, which impinged on a metal foil and get absorbed. [JEE 2002]
(C) Helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered.
(D) Helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered.
3. The magnetic moment of cobalt of the compound Hg[Co(SCN)4] is [Given : Co+2] [JEE 2004]
4. The radius of which of the following orbit is same as that of the first Bohr‟s orbit of hydrogen
atom? [JEE 2004]
+ 2+ 2+ 3+
(A) He (n = 2) (B) Li (n = 2) (C) Li (n = 3) (D) Be (n = 2)
r0 –r/a
3/2
1 1
2s = 1/2 2 e
4 2 a 0 a0
Where a0 is Bohr's radius. Let the radial node in 2s be at r0. Then find r0 in terms of a0.
(b) A base ball having mass 100 g moves with velocity 100 m/s. find out the value of
wavelength of base ball.
6. (a) Calculate velocity of electron in first Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom (Given r = a0)
(b) Find de-Broglie wavelength of the electron in first Bohr orbit. [IIT-2005]
(c) Find the orbital angular momentum of 2p-orbital in terms of h/2 units.
14. The kinetic energy of an electron in the second Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom is
[a0 is Bohr radius] [JEE 2012]
h2 h2 h2 h2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
42 ma 02 162 ma 02 322 ma 02 322 ma 02
15. The atomic masses of He and Ne are 4 and 20 a.m.u. respectively. The value of the de Broglie
wavelength of He gas at –73 ºC is "M" times that of the de Broglie wavelength of Ne at 727 ºC.
M is. [JEE 2013]
1
16. In an atom, the total number of electrons having quantum numbers n = 4, |m| = 1 and ms = –
2
is [JEE 2014]
17. P is the probability of finding the 1s electron of hydrogen atom in a spherical shell of
infinitesimal thickness, dr, at a distance r from the nucleus. The volume of this shell is 4r2dr.
The qualitative sketch of the dependence of P on r is - [JEE 2016]
P P
(A) (B)
O r O r
P P
(C) (D)
O r O r
polar coordinates (r,q,f) of the electron and characterized by the quantum number n,l and m1.
Here r is distance from nucleus, is colatitude and is azimuth . In the mathematical functions
given in the Table, Z is atomic number and a0 is Bohr radius.
3
Zr
Z
2
(I) 1s orbital (i) n,l .m1 e a0 (P)
a0
r / a0
(IV) 3d 2z orbital (iv) xy-plane is a nodal plane (S)Energy needed to excite electron
from n = 2 state to n = 4 state is
27
times the energy needed to
32
excite electron from n = 2 state to
n = 6 state
[JEE Adv. 2017]
18. For the given orbital in Column 1, the only CORRECT combination for any hydrogen- like
species is
(A) (IV) (iv) (R) (B) (II) (ii) (P) (C) (III) (iii) (P) (D) (I) (ii) (S)
21. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. Consider an electronic state of He+
whose energy; azimuthal quantum number and magnetic quantum number are –3.4 eV, 2 and 0,
respectively. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true for the state ? [JEE Adv. 2019]
(II) Angular momentum of the electron in the nth orbit (Q) n–1
(T) n2
(U) n1/2
Which of the following options has the correct combination considering List-I and List-II?
(1) (I), (T) (2) (II), (Q) (3) (I), (P) (4) (II), (R)
(JEE-MAIN)
1. 1 2. 3 3. 1 4. 3 5. 1 6. 2 7. 3
8. 3 9. 4 10. 1 11. 3 12. 2 13. 4 14. 1
15. 4 16. 1 17. 3 18. 1 19. 2 20. 3 21. 2
22. 1 23. 3 24. 3 25. 1 26. 1 27. 2 28. 1
29. 3 30. 1 31. 1 32. 4 33. 4 34. 2 35. 2
36. 2 37. 4 38. 1 39. 1 40. 2 41. 2 42. 2
43. 3 44. 2 45. 3 46. 3 47. 2
(JEE-ADVANCE)
1. D 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. (a) r0 = 2a0 (b) 6.626 × 10–25 Å
h
6. (a) 2.197 × 106 m/s (b) 3.31 Å (c) 2. 7. (A) Q, (B) P, (C) R, (D) S
2
8. (A) Q,R); (B) (P,Q,R,S) ; (C) (P,Q,R) ; (D) (P,Q)
9. B 10. C 11. B 12. 9 13. 4 14. C 15. 5
16. 6 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. 1,4 21. 1 22. 2