Atomic Structure

1. Consider the following statements. [Atomic structure (M)]

1. Electron density in xy plane in 3d x 2  y2 orbital is zero

2. Electron density in xy plane in 3d z 2 orbital is zero

3. 2s orbital has only one spherical node
4. For 2pz orbital yz is the nodal plane
The correct statements are
(1) 2 and 3 (2) 1, 2, 3, 4 (3) Only 3 (4) 1 and 3
Ans. (3)

2. With increasing nuclear size, [Atomic structure (M)]

(1) The repulsive force between the protons increases
(2) The repulsive force between the protons decreases
(3) The attractive force between the protons increases
(4) The attractive force between the protons decreases
The correct statements are :
(1) 2 & 3 (2) 1, 2, 3, 4 (3) 2 and 4 (4) 1 and 3
Ans. (3)

3. Radiation of wavelength 200Å falls on a platinum surface. If the work function of the metal is
5 eV per atom, which of the following results are correct about experiment ?
(Take h= 6.63  1034 Js–1) [Atomic structure (M)]
(A) The velocity of photoelectrons increases with increase in photo intensity of radiation.
(B) Photo-emission of electrons takes place.
(C) The threshold frequency of the metal is 1.21 × 10 15 sec–1.
(D) The maximum velocity of the photo-electrons is 4.48 × 106 m/sec.
Ans. (B,C,D)
1240
Sol. Energy of photon = eV = 62 eV
20
 Maximum K.E. = hV – W
= 62 – 5 = 57 eV
= 57×1.6×10–19 joule
1 2
 K.E. = mv = 57×1.6×10–19
2
v = 4.48×10+6
Work function = h × v0
5  1.6  1019
v0 = 34
sec–1
6.63  10
= 1.21×1015sec–1

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4. According to the Bohr theory for the hydrogen atom, the number of revolutions of the electron
per second in the orbit of quantum number, n is proportional to [Atomic Structure-E]
(A) n–2 (B) n (C) n–3 (D) n–1
Ans. (C)
V
Sol. f=
2r
z2
f
n3
f  n–3

5. The angular wave function of which orbital will not disturb by the variation with azimuthal
angles: [Atomic structure (E)]
2 2
(A) 1s and 2s (B) 2pz and 2dz (C) 2px and 3dz (D) 2px and 2s
Ans. (A)
Sol. For s-orbital probability of finding an electron is same at all angles at specific radius.

6. An -particle having kinetic energy 4.0 MeV is projected towards tin nucleus (Z = 50). Select
the CORRECT information(s) regarding the -particle. [Atomic Structure-M]
–14
(A) Its distance of closest approach towards the nucleus is 3.6 × 10 m.
(B) Its potential energy at a distance of 9.0 × 10 –14 m from the nucleus is 1.6 MeV.
(C) Its kinetic energy at a distance of 4.5 × 10–14 m from the nucleus is 0.8 MeV.
(D) At a moment, the distance between -particle and the nucleus becomes 2.0 × 10–16 m.
Ans. (A,B,C)
Sol. (A) (K.E.)Initial = (P.E.)at distance of closest approach
q1q2
or, 4.0 MeV = K 
r
(2 1.6 10 19 )  (50 1.6 10 19 )
or, 4 × 106 × 1.6 × 10–19 = 9 × 109 ×
r
 Distance of closest approach, r = 3.6 × 10–14 m.
q1q2 (2 1.6 1019 )  (50 1.6 1019 )
(B) P.E. = K  = 9 × 109 ×
r 9 1014
1025  (1.6 1019 ) 2
= 1025 × (1.6 × 10–19)2 J = eV
1.6 1019
= 1.6 MeV
q1q2 9 109  (2 1.6 10 19 )  (50 1.6 10 19 )
(C) P.E. = K  =
r 4.5 10 14  (1.6 10 19 10 6 )
= 3.2 MeV
 K.E. of -particle at this distance
= 4.0 – 3.2 = 0.8 MeV

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7. Which of the following is true about the radial part of the hydrogen atom wavefunctions R nl
(r)(n principal quantum number) and the nodes associated with them?[(Atomic Structure (M)]
(1) The radial part of only s orbital is non-zero at the origin and has (n–1) nodes.
(2) The radial part of s orbital is zero at the origin and has n number of nodes.
(3) All radial functions have values is zero at the origin and have (n–1) nodes.
(4) The radial parts of all s orbital are zero at the origin and have no nodes.
Ans. (1)

8. If last line of Lyman series of H–atom has wavelength 1 Å and 2nd line of Balmer series has
wavelength 2 Å then : [Atomic Structure (M)]
16 9 16 3 4 1 16 3
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 
1  2  2 1 1  2 1  2
Ans. (2)
1 1 
Sol. =Rz2   0 
1 1 
1
 1 =
RZ2
1 1 1 
= RZ2   
2  4 16 
1 3
 = RZ2 ×
2 16
1 3 1
 = 
 2 16 1
16 3
 =
2 1

9. The electron of Be3+ makes a transition such that its wavelength becomes 1/4 th of its initial
wavelength. Transition may be [ATOMIC STRUCTURE-(M)]
(1) 4  1 (2) 3  6 (3) 4  2 (4) 4  5
Ans. (1)
Sol.  n
1
 becomes times
4
1
 n also becomes times
4

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10. For hypothetical H like atom which follows Bohr’s model, some spectral lines were observed
as shown. If it is known that line ‘E’ belongs to the visible region, then the lines possibly
belonging to ultra violet region will be (n1 is not necessarily a ground state)
[Atomic structure-M]
n5
n4
C B
n3
D A
n2
E
n1
[Assume for the atom, no spectral series shows overlaps with other series in the emmission
spectrum]
(A) B (B) D (C) C (D) A
Ans. (D)
Sol. Energy of lines B, C & D are less then E.

11. 200 units of energy is required to take away an electron in single electronic system from the
lowest energy level to infinite. What will be energy released when electron falls from infinite
to second energy level : (Atomic Structure-M)
(1) 100 units (2) 400 units (3) 50 units (4) 25 units
Ans. (3)
Sol. IE = – E1 = 200 units
Z2
E1 = – E ° ×
12
Z2 200
E2  E  E2   E2 =–E ° ×  = 50 units
22 4

12. Select incorrect statement(s) [Atomic Structure(M)]

(A) If the value of l = 0, the electron density distribution is spherical
(B) The shape of the orbital is given by magnetic quantum number
(C) Orbital angular momentum of 1s, 2s, 3s electrons are equal
(D) In an atom all the electrons travel with the same velocity
Ans. (B,D)

13. According to Bohr’s atomic theory, which of the following relations is incorrect?
[Atomic Structure-M]
2
z
(1) Kinetic energy of electron  2
n
(2) The product of velocity of electron and the principal quantum number  z2
z2
(3) Frequency of revolution of the electron in an orbit 3
n
z3
(4) Coulombic force of attraction on the electron  4
n
Ans. (2)

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 36
14. A photon of wavelength may not be emitted from which of the following transition?
5R
(Considering all possible transitions from n2 to n1) (ATOMIC STRUCTURE-E)
(Given : R = Rydberg's constant, C = speed of light)
(A) From 3 to 2 transition in a sample of H– atom.
(B) From 6 to 4 transition in a sample of He+ ion.
(C) From 9 to 3 transition in a sample of Li2+ ion.
(D) From 12 to 8 transition in a sample of Be3+ ion.
Ans. (C)
1 1 1
Sol. = RZ2  2 – 2 
λ  n1 n 2 
1 1 1 36
For 3  2 transition in H– atom sample, = R(1)2  2 – 2  . So,  =
λ 2 3  5R
 (H)32 = (He )64 = (Li )96 = (Be )128
+ 2+ 3+

Thus, given photon is not emitted from 7 upto 3 transition in Li+2 ion sample.

15. An electron is accelerated from rest and it has wavelength of 1.41 Å. By how much amount
should potential be dropped (in V ) so that wavelength associated with electron becomes 1.73
Å: [ATOMIC STRUCTURE-M]
Ans. (25.00)
1/2
 150  150
Sol.  1 =     V1 =
 V   12
150 150
 V1 = = 75 V and V2 = = 50 V
(1.41) 2 (1.73) 2

6.62
16. An electron having velocity 2 × 106 m/s has uncertainity in kinetic energy is × 10–21 J, then

calculate the uncertainity in position (in Angstrom, Å) of the electron. [Given : h = 6.62 × 10–34 J-
sec]
Ans. (500.00) [Atomic Structure-
T]
1
Sol. k = mv2 v = 2 × 106 m/s
2
d(k) = mvdv
d(KE)
dv = ....(i)
mv
h
x = ....(ii)
4 m v
h
x =
d(KE)
4 m
mv
6.62 1034  2 106
= = 500 Å
6.62 21
4 10


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17. Which among the following electron transition (n 2  n1) in H-atom, minimum change in its
orbit radius (r2  r1) is observed- [ATOMIC STRUCTURE-E]
(1) 4  1 (2) 5  4 (3) 6  5 (4) 4  2
Ans. (2)
Sol. Change in radius
0.529
r2 – r1 = × n 22  n12 
Z
r2 – r1  (n2 – n1) (n1 + n2)

18. A particle A moving with a certain velocity has de Broglie wavelength of 1 Å. If particle B has
mass 25% of that A and velocity 75% of that of A, the de Broglie wavelength (in Å) of B will
be approximately: [Atomic Structure (M)]
Ans. (5.33)
h
Sol. 
mv
 A M B VB 1 25  75
  
 B M A VA  B 100 100
16
B  Å
3
19. Photon having wavelength 310 nm used to break the bond of A2 molecules having bond energy
288 kJ mol–1, then % of energy of photon converted to the K.E. is (hc = 12400 eVÅ, 1eV/atom
= 96 kJ/mol) [Atomic Structure (T)]
(1) 25 (2) 50 (3) 75 (4) 80
Ans. (1)
288
Sol. B.E. of one bond = eV = 3eV
96
hc 12400
Energy of one photon = = = 4eV
 3100
Part of energy of photon converted to K.E. = 4 – 3 = 1eV
1
% of energy = × 100 = 25%
4
20. Angular part of a wave function is given as [ATOMIC STRUCTURE_M]
1
 15  2
X  ,   =   sin 2  cos 2 , Which of the following is correct for the given equation :
 4 
(A) Orbital has two angular nodes
(B) Nodal planes are found in xy and yz planes
(C) Equation belongs to d x 2  y2 orbital
(D) Equation represents 3d xy
Ans. (A,B,C)
21. Which of the following statement is not true for 2S orbital : [ATOMIC STRUCTURE (E)]
(1) Number of radial node is greater than zero.
(2) Angular node is equal to zero.
(3) (0, ) = constant
(4) Probability density is zero at nucleus
Ans. (4)
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22. If de Broglie wave length is equal to the distance travelled by the electron in per unit time,
then. [ATOMIC STRUCTURE (M)]
h h h h
(1)  = (2)  = (3)  = (4)  =
p m p m
Ans. (4)
h
Sol. = =v
mr
h h
2 =   =
m m

23. How much energy is needed (in eV) for an electron revolving in second orbit of He+ ion, in
order to double it's angular momentum. [ATOMIC STRUCTURE (M)]
Ans. (10.20)
h
Sol. mvr = n
2
to double angular momentum n should be double
ni = 2 nf = 4
 1 1 
E = 13.6 × 22 ×  2  2 
2 4 
12
= 13.6 × 4 × = 13.6 × 3
16
= 10.20 eV

24. The radial part of schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen atom is
[ATOMIC STRUCTURE T]
1
(r) = 3/2
(– 1) (2 – 8 + 12) e–/2
16 4a 0
Where a0 = constant &  = 2r/na0; n = principle quantum number
Select the correct statements :
(A) Distance of nearest radial node form the nucleus is 2a 0.
(B) Distance of farthest radial node from the nucleus is 12a 0.
(C) Number of maxima in the curve 4 r2. (r)2 vs r are 4.
(D) (r) is for 4p orbital. 
Ans. (A,B,C)
Sol. l = 0 (s - orbital)
n–l–1=3
n–0–1=3
n=4
4s orbital node
Radial modes [(r) = 0] at
 = 1, 2, 3
2r r
= 
4a 0 200
r
(a) Nearest radial mode = 1  r = 2a0
2a 0
r
(b) Furthest radial mode = 6  r2 = 12a0
2a 0
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25. For 1s orbital of hydrogen atom radial wave function is given as:
3/2
1 1
R(r) =   e  r/a 0 (where a0 = 0.529Å)
  a0 
The ratio of radial probability density of finding electron at r = a 0 to the radial probability
density of finding electron at the nucleus is given as (x.e–y).
Calculate value of (x + y). [Atomic Structure (T)]
Ans. (3.00)
R 2 (a 0 ) (1 / a 03 )  e 2r/a0
Sol.   e2
2
R (0) (1 / a 0 )  e
3 0

 x=1&y=2
 x+y=3

26. Which of the following statements regarding an orbital is correct ? [Atomic Structure (M)]
(1) An orbital is a definite trajectory around the nucleus in which electron can move
(2) An orbital always has spherical trajectory
(3) An orbital is the region around the nucleus where there is a 90 – 95% probability of finding
the electrons of an atom
(4) An orbital is characterised by 4 quantum number n, l, m and s
Ans. (3)

27. A hydrogen like species He+ is in a spherically symmetric state S1 with two radial nodes. Upon
absorbing light, the ion undergoes transition to a state S 2 which has one radial node and has
1
energy equal to times the ground state energy to H-atom. Find out the Value of sum of
4
principal quantum number (n) and azimuthal quantum number () of state S2.
[ATOMIC STRUCTURE-M]
Ans. (6.00)
Sol. S1 is 3s.
S2 is 4d (no. of radial nodes = 1)
22 1
(E4)He+ = –13.6 × 2  × (E1)H
4 4
For S2, n +  = 4 + 2 = 6
20 1000
 0.5 × 1.72 ×  =2
172 50

28. Angular part of a wave function is given as [Atomic Structure-M]

1
 15  2
X  ,   =   sin 2  cos 2 , Which of the following is correct for the given equation :
 4 
(A) Orbital has two angular nodes
(B) Nodal planes are found in xy and yz planes
(C) Equation belongs to d x 2  y2 orbital
(D) Equation represents 3d xy
Ans. (A, C)
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29. An electron and a proton are accelerated through a potential V. If P e and Pp are their
momentum, then Pp : Pe ratio is approximately equal to [Atomic Structure-M]
(1) 1 : 1836 (2) 1 : 1 (3) 1836 :1 (4) 43 : 1
Ans. (4)
1 p2
Sol. eV = mv2 =  p = 2meV
2 2m
p 1836 42.85
 p  
pe 1 1

30. Calculate the ratio of wavelength of wave made by an e – of Be3+ in its 2nd excited state and 3rd
excited state. [Atomic Structure (M)]
Ans. (0.25)
Sol.  2 rn = n
n2
 2(0.529 × ) = n
Z
   n
1 3
   0.25
2 4

31. Which of the following is incorrect regarding quantum mechanical model of atom
[Atomic Structure (M)]
(1) The energy of electrons in atoms is quantized
(2) The existence of quantized electronic energy levels is a direct result of de Broglie’s concept
(3) The path of an electron in an atom can never be determined accurately
(4) The probability of finding an electron at a point within an atom is proportional to the square
of the orbital wave function.
Ans. (2)

32. According to Bohr's theory, the ratio of electrostatic force of attraction acting on electron in 3 rd
x
+ nd 2+2
orbit of He ion and 2 orbit of Li ion is   . Then, the value of x is :
3
[Atomic Structure (E)]
Ans. (7.00)
kZe2
Sol. F= 2
r
Z
 F 2
r
n2
  r
Z
Z2
 F
n4

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